История и современность кафедры ботаники, физиологии растений и агробиотехнологии

The article presents the formation and development history, modern educational and scientific activity of the Chair of botany, plant physiology and agrobiotechnology - the oldest chair of the Agrarian faculty of PFUR.В статье представлена история становления и развития, а также современная образовательная и научная деятельность кафедры ботаники, физиологии растений и агробиотехнологии - старейшей кафедры аграрного факультета РУДН

Оценка антиоксидантного потенциала лекарственных растений при действии Уф-B-облучения

The UV-B irradiation action (6 -36,9 dg/m2) on medical plants Artemisia lerchiana L., Nigella sativa L., Ocimum basilicum L., grown in water culture, was studying. In plant leaves and roots the content of malondialdehyde, pigments, phenols, flavonoids, proline, and activities of antioxidant enzymes were determined. Investigated plants were able to resist to action of UV-B-irradiation (low and middle dose) without any power input for increasing of biosynthesis of low and high molecular component of antioxidant defense system. The damage level under stress conditions was low. At first hours plants used the constitutive level of antioxidants and after 24 h it was needed the antioxidant pool refilling. Carotinoids, flavonoids and proline were used by plants in 4 h after irradiation, the antocian synthesis increased after 12 h.В статье рассматривается методика изучения действия УФ-B-облучения (6,0, 12,3 и 36,9 Дж/кв. м) на лекарственные растения: полынь Artemisia lerchiana L., чернушку Nigella sativa L., базилик Ocimum basilicum L., выращенные в водной культуре в условиях фитотрона. Исследованные растения способны адаптироваться к действию низкой и средней доз УФ-B-радиации без значительных энергозатрат на усиление биосинтеза как низкомолекулярных компонентов антиоксидантной защиты, так и высокомолекулярных. Степень повреждения растений при действии данного стрессора незначительна. В первые часы растения в основном использовали конститутивный уровень антиоксидантов, и лишь через 24 часа требовалось пополнение их пула. Каротиноиды, флавоноиды и пролин используются растениями уже через 4 часа после облучения, синтез антоцианов усиливается через 12 ч

Участие антиоксидантной защитной системы базилика в кросс-адаптации при комплексном действии УФ-В и засоления

The 10 min UV-B irradiation (12 dj/m2) and 100mM NaCl action on medical plants Ocimum basilicum L., grown in water culture, was studying. The plants treated by UV-B irradiation were more resistent to salinity. There were two groups of compounds. One - proline, carotinoids, phenols are accumulated under salinity conditions. Second group - pigments - antocyans and flavones. Its biosynthesis is stimulated by UV-B irradiation. Under complex stressor action pigments were increased and this increasing helped plants to overcome the high salinity. The antioxidant enzyme superoxid dismutase did not play essential role in adaptive response. The low molecular weight antioxidants were more effective for formation of adaptation response. The peroxidase activity had not correlation with superoxid dismutase activity and we supposed that H2O2 could be result of other process and served as signal molecul.На основании полученных данных можно сделать главный вывод о том, что обработка УФ-В в течение 10 мин. способствовала адаптации растений базилика к действию 100 мМ NaCl. Улучшение адаптационной способности базилика при совместном действии УФ-В и засоления и связано со стимулированием биосинтеза пигментов и низкомолекулярных антиоксидантов УФ-В облучением

ϒ production in p–Pb collisions at √sNN=8.16 TeV

ϒ production in p–Pb interactions is studied at the centre-of-mass energy per nucleon–nucleon collision √sNN = 8.16 TeV with the ALICE detector at the CERN LHC. The measurement is performed reconstructing bottomonium resonances via their dimuon decay channel, in the centre-of-mass rapidity intervals 2.03 < ycms < 3.53 and −4.46 < ycms < −2.96, down to zero transverse momentum. In this work, results on the ϒ(1S) production cross section as a function of rapidity and transverse momentum are presented. The corresponding nuclear modification factor shows a suppression of the ϒ(1S) yields with respect to pp collisions, both at forward and backward rapidity. This suppression is stronger in the low transverse momentum region and shows no significant dependence on the centrality of the interactions. Furthermore, the ϒ(2S) nuclear modification factor is evaluated, suggesting a suppression similar to that of the ϒ(1S). A first measurement of the ϒ(3S) has also been performed. Finally, results are compared with previous ALICE measurements in p–Pb collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV and with theoretical calculations.publishedVersio

(Anti-)deuteron production in pp collisions at 1as=13TeV

The study of (anti-)deuteron production in pp collisions has proven to be a powerful tool to investigate the formation mechanism of loosely bound states in high-energy hadronic collisions. In this paper the production of (anti-)deuterons is studied as a function of the charged particle multiplicity in inelastic pp collisions at s=13 TeV using the ALICE experiment. Thanks to the large number of accumulated minimum bias events, it has been possible to measure (anti-)deuteron production in pp collisions up to the same charged particle multiplicity (d Nch/ d \u3b7 3c 26) as measured in p\u2013Pb collisions at similar centre-of-mass energies. Within the uncertainties, the deuteron yield in pp collisions resembles the one in p\u2013Pb interactions, suggesting a common formation mechanism behind the production of light nuclei in hadronic interactions. In this context the measurements are compared with the expectations of coalescence and statistical hadronisation models (SHM)

Multiplicity dependence of inclusive J/psi production at midrapidity in pp collisions at root s=13 TeV

Measurements of the inclusive J/psi yield as a function of charged-particle pseudorapidity density dN(ch)/d eta in pp collisions at root s = 13 TeV with ALICE at the LHC are reported. The J/psi meson yield is measured at midrapidity (vertical bar y vertical bar <0.9) in the dielectron channel, for events selected based on the charged-particle multiplicity at midrapidity (vertical bar eta vertical bar <1) and at forward rapidity (-3.7 <eta <-1.7 and 2.8 <eta <5.1); both observables are normalized to their corresponding averages in minimum bias events. The increase of the normalized J/psi yield with normalized dN(ch)/d eta is significantly stronger than linear and dependent on the transverse momentum. The data are compared to theoretical predictions, which describe the observed trends well, albeit not always quantitatively. (C) 2020 European Organization for Nuclear Research. Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

First measurement of Ωc0 production in pp collisions at s=13 TeV

The inclusive production of the charm–strange baryon 0 c is measured for the first time via its hadronic √ decay into −π+ at midrapidity (|y| &lt;0.5) in proton–proton (pp) collisions at the centre-of-mass energy s =13 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The transverse momentum (pT) differential cross section multiplied by the branching ratio is presented in the interval 2 &lt; pT &lt; 12 GeV/c. The pT dependence of the 0 c-baryon production relative to the prompt D0-meson and to the prompt 0 c-baryon production is compared to various models that take different hadronisation mechanisms into consideration. In the measured pT interval, the ratio of the pT-integrated cross sections of 0 c and prompt + c baryons multiplied by the −π+ branching ratio is found to be larger by a factor of about 20 with a significance of about 4σ when compared to e+e− collisions

Elliptic flow of charged particles at midrapidity relative to the spectator plane in Pb–Pb and Xe–Xe collisions

Measurements of the elliptic flow coefficient relative to the collision plane defined by the spectator neutrons v2{ SP} in collisions of Pb ions at center-of-mass energy per nucleon–nucleon pair √ 2.76 TeV and Xe ions at √ sNN = sNN =5.44 TeV are reported. The results are presented for charged particles produced at midrapidity as a function of centrality and transverse momentum for the 5–70% and 0.2–6 GeV/c ranges, respectively. The ratio between v2{ SP} and the elliptic flow coefficient relative to the participant plane v2{4}, estimated using four-particle correlations, deviates by up to 20% from unity depending on centrality. This observation differs strongly from the magnitude of the corresponding eccentricity ratios predicted by the TRENTo and the elliptic power models of initial state fluctuations that are tuned to describe the participant plane anisotropies. The differences can be interpreted as a decorrelation of the neutron spectator plane and the reaction plane because of fragmentation of the remnants from the colliding nuclei, which points to an incompleteness of current models describing the initial state fluctuations. A significant transverse momentum dependence of the ratio v2{ SP}/v2{4} is observed in all but the most central collisions, which may help to understand whether momentum anisotropies at low and intermediate transverse momentum have a common origin in initial state f luctuations. The ratios of v2{ SP} and v2{4} to the corresponding initial state eccentricities for Xe–Xe and Pb–Pb collisions at similar initial entropy density show a difference of (7.0 ±0.9)%with an additional variation of +1.8% when including RHIC data in the TRENTo parameter extraction. These observations provide new experimental constraints for viscous effects in the hydrodynamic modeling of the expanding quark–gluon plasma produced in heavy-ion collisions at the LHC

Ecologically oriented humanitarian education managementin the context of the Russian federation subject’s boarder territories sustainable development

This article presents the results of an interdisciplinary study aimed at identifying the effectiveness of introducing productive educational technologies into the system of ecologically oriented higher education in the Humanities. The system of higher humanitarian education is viewed in the context of sustainable development of the Russian Federation border territories (on the example of the Pskov Region). The author’s solution for the development of higher humanitarian education in the context of sustainable development of the border territories of the North-Western Federal District is presented

Physiological mechanisms of adaptation of alloplasmic wheat hybrids to soil drought

We studied physiological mechanisms of plant adaptation to drought for two alloplasmic wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) hybrids (APHs) on the cytoplasm of rye (Secale cereale L.) or ovate goatgrass (Aegilops ovata L.) and two standard regionalized spring wheat cultivars, Kometa and Priokskaya. In response to plant tissue dehydration, APHs rapidly reduced the transpiration rate and lost much less water than standard cultivars. During drought, peroxidase activity was significantly increased only in APH on the rye cytoplasm, whereas it declined substantially in cv. Kometa. Peroxidation of lipids (POL) was activated in cv. Kometa stronger than in hybrids, which also indicates that, in this cultivar, there was no complete detoxification of hydrogen peroxide under stress conditions. After watering resumption, APHs displayed a better capacity for reparation than standard cultivars, which was manifested in peroxidase activation and POL suppression, i.e., in more complete reduction of the oxidative stress consequences. We concluded that a higher APH drought resistance, as compared with standard cultivars, was determined by their more efficient antioxidant defense and a better capacity for recovery. © 2007 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd