Hidden supersymmetries in supersymmetric quantum mechanics

We discuss the appearance of additional, hidden supersymmetries for simple 0+1 $Ad(G)$-invariant supersymmetric models and analyse some geometrical mechanisms that lead to them. It is shown that their existence depends crucially on the availability of odd order invariant skewsymmetric tensors on the (generic) compact Lie algebra $\cal G$, and hence on the cohomology properties of the Lie algebra considered.Comment: Misprints corrected, two refs. added. To appear in NP

Non-existence of stationary two-black-hole configurations

We resume former discussions of the question, whether the spin-spin repulsion and the gravitational attraction of two aligned black holes can balance each other. To answer the question we formulate a boundary value problem for two separate (Killing-) horizons and apply the inverse (scattering) method to solve it. Making use of results of Manko, Ruiz and Sanabria-G\'omez and a novel black hole criterion, we prove the non-existence of the equilibrium situation in question.Comment: 15 pages, 3 figures; Contribution to Juergen Ehlers Memorial Issue (GeRG journal

Change in lifestyle behaviors and medication use after a diagnosis of ductal carcinoma in situ

Women with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast represent a growing cancer survivor population with a diagnosis of uncertain malignant potential. These survivors face an absence of scientific guidelines regarding lifestyle changes that can help to prevent a breast cancer recurrence. In this first report from the Wisconsin In Situ Cohort (WISC) study, we examine how women are currently changing their lifestyle behaviors and medication use following a diagnosis of DCIS. At study entry (1997-2006), 1,959 subjects (78% of eligible) with DCIS were identified from the Wisconsin cancer registry and administered an interview assessing behaviors prior to diagnosis. Follow-up interviews were completed every 2 years after the initial interview, beginning in 2003 and continuing through 2006. After adjusting for age and calendar year, women were 2.2 kg (95% CI 1.4, 3.0) heavier, 35% (95% CI 20, 47) less likely to be a smoker, 19% (95% CI -1, 43) more likely to use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and 57% (95% CI 26, 95) more likely to use antidepressants after a DCIS diagnosis compared to 1 year prior to diagnosis. Use of postmenopausal hormones decreased sharply (OR = 0.06; 95% CI 0.04, 0.09) following a DCIS diagnosis. These findings indicate that women make substantial changes in their behaviors after a DCIS diagnosis. This cohort will be further monitored to evaluate the association between these behaviors and health outcomes following DCIS

Percutaneous transluminal coronary rotary ablation with rotablator (European experience)

This study reports the results from 3 European centers using rotary ablation with Rotablator, a device that is inserted into the coronary artery and removes atheroma by grinding it into millions of tiny fragments. Rotary ablation was performed in 129 patients. Primary success (reduction in percent luminal narrowing greater than 20%, residual stenosis less than 50%, without complications) was achieved by rotary angioplasty alone in 73 patients (57%). An additional 38 patients (29%) had successful adjunctive balloon angioplasty. Thus primary success was achieved in 111 patients (86%) at the end of the procedure. Acute occlusion occurred in 10 patients (7.7%). Recanalization was achieved by balloon angioplasty in 7: urgent bypass grafting was undertaken in 2. Q-wave and non-Q-wave myocardial infarction occurred in 3 and 7 patients, respectively. No deaths occurred. Follow-up angiography was performed in 74 patients (60%). Restenosis, defined as the recurrence of significant luminal narrowing (greater than 50%) occurred in 17 of 37 patients (46%) who underwent rotary ablation alone, and 11 of 37 patients (30%) who had adjunctive balloon angioplasty. The overall angiographic restenosis rate was 37.8%. In conclusion, rotary ablation is technically feasible, and relatively safe i

Buttock pain after sacrospinous hysteropexy: reply to Wallner

We greatly appreciate the comment by Dr. Wallner [1] on the new insight into the positioning of the pudendal and levator ani nerves in relation to the complaint of buttock pain after sacrospinous hysteropexy [2]

Anthropogenic alteration of nutrient supply increases the global freshwater carbon sink

Lakes have a disproportionate effect on the global carbon (C) cycle relative to their area, mediating C transfer from land to atmosphere, and burying organic-C in their sediments. The magnitude and temporal variability of C burial is, however, poorly constrained, and the degree to which humans have influenced lake C cycling through landscape alteration has not been systematically assessed. Here, we report global and biome specific trajectories of lake C sequestration based on 516 lakes and show that some lake C burial rates (i.e., those in tropical forest and grassland biomes) have quadrupled over the last 100 years. Global lake C-sequestration (~0.12 Pg year-1) has increased by ~72 Tg year-1 since 1900, offsetting 20% of annual CO2 freshwater emissions rising to ~30% if reservoirs are included and contributing to the residual continental C sink. Nutrient availability explains ~70% of the observed increase, while rising temperatures have a minimal effect

Exact Hypersurface-Homogeneous Solutions in Cosmology and Astrophysics

A framework is introduced which explains the existence and similarities of most exact solutions of the Einstein equations with a wide range of sources for the class of hypersurface-homogeneous spacetimes which admit a Hamiltonian formulation. This class includes the spatially homogeneous cosmological models and the astrophysically interesting static spherically symmetric models as well as the stationary cylindrically symmetric models. The framework involves methods for finding and exploiting hidden symmetries and invariant submanifolds of the Hamiltonian formulation of the field equations. It unifies, simplifies and extends most known work on hypersurface-homogeneous exact solutions. It is shown that the same framework is also relevant to gravitational theories with a similar structure, like Brans-Dicke or higher-dimensional theories.Comment: 41 pages, REVTEX/LaTeX 2.09 file (don't use LaTeX2e !!!) Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

Functional Anatomy of the Female Pelvic Floor

The anatomic structures in the female that prevent incontinence and genital organ prolapse on increases in abdominal pressure during daily activities include sphincteric and supportive systems. In the urethra, the action of the vesical neck and urethral sphincteric mechanisms maintains urethral closure pressure above bladder pressure. Decreases in the number of striated muscle fibers of the sphincter occur with age and parity. A supportive hammock under the urethra and vesical neck provides a firm backstop against which the urethra is compressed during increases in abdominal pressure to maintain urethral closure pressures above the rapidly increasing bladder pressure. This supporting layer consists of the anterior vaginal wall and the connective tissue that attaches it to the pelvic bones through the pubovaginal portion of the levator ani muscle, and the uterosacral and cardinal ligaments comprising the tendinous arch of the pelvic fascia. At rest the levator ani maintains closure of the urogenital hiatus. They are additionally recruited to maintain hiatal closure in the face of inertial loads related to visceral accelerations as well as abdominal pressurization in daily activities involving recruitment of the abdominal wall musculature and diaphragm. Vaginal birth is associated with an increased risk of levator ani defects, as well as genital organ prolapse and urinary incontinence. Computer models indicate that vaginal birth places the levator ani under tissue stretch ratios of up to 3.3 and the pudendal nerve under strains of up to 33%, respectively. Research is needed to better identify the pathomechanics of these conditions.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/72597/1/annals.1389.034.pd

Current Knowledge and Priorities for Future Research in Late Effects after Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Inherited Bone Marrow Failure Syndromes: Consensus Statement from the Second Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Consortium International Conference on Late Effects after Pediatric Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation

Transplantation and immunomodulatio

Search for the standard model Higgs boson decaying into two photons in pp collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV

A search for a Higgs boson decaying into two photons is described. The analysis is performed using a dataset recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC from pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, which corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 4.8 inverse femtobarns. Limits are set on the cross section of the standard model Higgs boson decaying to two photons. The expected exclusion limit at 95% confidence level is between 1.4 and 2.4 times the standard model cross section in the mass range between 110 and 150 GeV. The analysis of the data excludes, at 95% confidence level, the standard model Higgs boson decaying into two photons in the mass range 128 to 132 GeV. The largest excess of events above the expected standard model background is observed for a Higgs boson mass hypothesis of 124 GeV with a local significance of 3.1 sigma. The global significance of observing an excess with a local significance greater than 3.1 sigma anywhere in the search range 110-150 GeV is estimated to be 1.8 sigma. More data are required to ascertain the origin of this excess.Comment: Submitted to Physics Letters