3,983 research outputs found
Laparoscopic artificial insemination in dairy sheep with chilled semen stored for up to 26 h
Adult East Freisan crossbred (n = 220) and Chios ewes (n = 105) were divided into four groups and inseminated with chilled semen, which had been stored for 7, 13, 20 or 26 h at 5°C. Unilateral intrauterine insemination (50 x 106 spermatozoa in 0.25 ml) was performed with the aid of a laparoscope. Inseminations were carried out 48 â 52 h after pessary removal (30 mg FGA) without detecting estrus. The lambing rates after intrauterine insemination with chilled semen were found to be similar in East Fresian crossbred (40%) and Chios ewes (30%). Intrauterine insemination with chilled semen stored up to 26 h resulted in similar lambing rates; whereas, fertility of Chios ewes tended to decline with increased holding time of chilled semen. From this study, it is concluded that decreasing the storage time of chilled semen at 5°C improves pregnancy in Chios ewes and that East Fresian crossbred eweâs conception rates to intrauterine insemination with chilled semen was relatively higher than Chios ewes.Key words: Dairy sheep, chilled semen, time of insemination, lambing rate
Improved reproductive response of sheep in intrauterine insemination program with the use of royal jelly
The objective of the present study was to evaluate estrus and conception rates obtained with the use of progesterone (P4) cream in intravaginal sponges in conjunction with equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) or eCG plus royal jelly (RJ) given at the time of sponge withdrawal. A total of 365 fat tailed ewes were assigned randomly to two treatment groups: insertion of intravaginal sponge containing 30 mg (LNP; n = 188) or 60 mg (HNP; n = 177) progesterone for 12 days. For each treatment, 300 or 600 IU of eCG were compared with 100 or 300 IU of eCG plus 500 mg of RJ to assess the effect on reproductive parameters of ewes inseminated laparoscopically in the anoestrus season. Ewes in each group were inseminated with fresh diluted semen (10 Ă 107 sperm per insemination dose). Inseminations were carried out 11 to 18 h after the first detection of estrus. Pregnancy diagnosis was done at approximately 55 days after insemination. For the 30 and 60 mg natural progesterone treated groups, estrous (22.3 versus 30.5%) and conception rates (50.0% for both treatments) did not differ significantly. Ewes that received 300 IU eCG plus 500 mg RJ had higher (P>0.05) conception rates (66.7 versus 47.6 and 40.0%) than those treated with only eCG (300 or 600 IU) at sponge removal. There was a significant (Pâ€0.05) delay in onset of estrus in ewes treated with 100 IU eCG plus 500 mg RJ when compared with the other treatment groups.Keywords: Royal jelly, equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG), natural progesterone, artificial insemination, ew
Compact groups from semi-analytical models of galaxy formation -- V: their assembly channels as a function of the environment
We delved into the assembly pathways and environments of compact groups (CGs)
of galaxies using mock catalogues generated from semi-analytical models (SAMs)
on the Millennium simulation. We investigate the ability of SAMs to replicate
the observed CG environments and whether CGs with different assembly histories
tend to inhabit specific cosmic environments. We also analyse whether the
environment or the assembly history is more important in tailoring CG
properties. We find that about half of the CGs in SAMs are non-embedded
systems, 40% are inhabiting loose groups or nodes of filaments, while the rest
distribute evenly in filaments and voids, in agreement with observations. We
observe that early-assembled CGs preferentially inhabit large galaxy systems (~
60%), while around 30% remain non-embedded. Conversely, lately-formed CGs
exhibit the opposite trend. We also obtain that lately-formed CGs have lower
velocity dispersions and larger crossing times than early-formed CGs, but
mainly because they are preferentially non-embedded. Those lately-formed CGs
that inhabit large systems do not show the same features. Therefore, the
environment plays a strong role in these properties for lately-formed CGs.
Early-formed CGs are more evolved, displaying larger velocity dispersions,
shorter crossing times, and more dominant first-ranked galaxies, regardless of
the environment. Finally, the difference in brightness between the two
brightest members of CGs is dependent only on the assembly history and not on
the environment. CGs residing in diverse environments have undergone varied
assembly processes, making them suitable for studying their evolution and the
interplay of nature and nurture on their traits.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRA
Hickson-like compact groups inhabiting different environments
Although Compact Groups of galaxies (CGs) have been envisioned as isolated
extremely dense structures in the Universe, it is accepted today that many of
them could be not as isolated as thought. In this work, we study Hickson-like
CGs identified in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 16 to analyse these
systems and their galaxies when embedded in different cosmological structures.
To achieve this goal, we identify several cosmological structures where CGs can
reside: Nodes of filaments, Loose Groups, Filaments and cosmic Voids. Our
results indicate that 45 per cent of CGs do not reside in any of these
structures, i.e., they can be considered non-embedded or isolated systems. Most
of the embedded CGs are found inhabiting Loose Groups and Nodes, while there
are almost no CGs residing well inside cosmic Voids. Some physical properties
of CGs vary depending on the environment they inhabit. CGs in Nodes show the
largest velocity dispersions, the brightest absolute magnitude of the
first-ranked galaxy, and the smallest crossing times, while the opposite occurs
in Non-Embedded CGs. When comparing galaxies in all the environments and
galaxies in CGs, CGs show the highest fractions of red/early-type galaxy
members in most of the absolute magnitudes ranges. The variation between
galaxies in CGs inhabiting one or another environment is not as significant as
the differences caused by belonging or not to a CG. Our results suggest a
plausible scenario for galaxy evolution in CGs in which both, large-scale and
local environments play essential roles.Comment: 16 pages, 9 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in MNRA
Sources of pro-cyclicality in east Asian financial systems
Procyclicality is a normal feature of economic systems, but financial sector
weaknesses can exacerbate it sufficiently to pose a threat to macroeconomic and financial
stability. These include shortcomings in bank risk management and governance, in
supervision and in terms of dependence on volatile sources of funds. The paper tests
econometrically for the importance of such features leading to pro-cyclicality in the financial
systems of 11 East Asian countries. This analysis makes it possible to identify specific policy
measures for East Asian countries that could limit the extent to which financial systems
exacerbate pro-cyclicality
Baseline Inflammatory Status Reveals Dichotomic Immune Mechanisms Involved In Primary-Progressive Multiple Sclerosis Pathology
To ascertain the role of inflammation in the response to ocrelizumab in primary-progressive multiple sclerosis (PPMS).Multicenter prospective study including 69 patients with PPMS who initiated ocrelizumab treatment, classified according to baseline presence [Gd+, n=16] or absence [Gd-, n=53] of gadolinium-enhancing lesions in brain MRI. Ten Gd+ (62.5%) and 41 Gd- patients (77.4%) showed non-evidence of disease activity (NEDA) defined as no disability progression or new MRI lesions after 1 year of treatment. Blood immune cell subsets were characterized by flow cytometry, serum immunoglobulins by nephelometry, and serum neurofilament light-chains (sNfL) by SIMOA. Statistical analyses were corrected with the Bonferroni formula.More than 60% of patients reached NEDA after a year of treatment, regardless of their baseline characteristics. In Gd+ patients, it associated with a low repopulation rate of inflammatory B cells accompanied by a reduction of sNfL values 6 months after their first ocrelizumab dose. Patients in Gd- group also had low B cell numbers and sNfL values 6 months after initiating treatment, independent of their treatment response. In these patients, NEDA status was associated with a tolerogenic remodeling of the T and innate immune cell compartments, and with a clear increase of serum IgA levels.Baseline inflammation influences which immunological pathways predominate in patients with PPMS. Inflammatory B cells played a pivotal role in the Gd+ group and inflammatory T and innate immune cells in Gd- patients. B cell depletion can modulate both mechanisms.Copyright © 2022 FernĂĄndez-Velasco, Monreal, Kuhle, Meca-Lallana, Meca-Lallana, Izquierdo, Oreja-Guevara, GascĂłn-GimĂ©nez, Sainz de la Maza, Walo-Delgado, Lapuente-Suanzes, Maceski, RodrĂguez-MartĂn, RoldĂĄn, Villarrubia, Saiz, Blanco, Diaz-PĂ©rez, Valero-LĂłpez, Diaz-Diaz, Aladro, Brieva, Ăñiguez, GonzĂĄlez-SuĂĄrez, RodrĂguez de Antonio, GarcĂa-DomĂnguez, Sabin, Llufriu, Masjuan, Costa-Frossard and Villar
Measurement of the cross-section and charge asymmetry of bosons produced in proton-proton collisions at TeV with the ATLAS detector
This paper presents measurements of the and cross-sections and the associated charge asymmetry as a
function of the absolute pseudorapidity of the decay muon. The data were
collected in proton--proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV with
the ATLAS experiment at the LHC and correspond to a total integrated luminosity
of 20.2~\mbox{fb^{-1}}. The precision of the cross-section measurements
varies between 0.8% to 1.5% as a function of the pseudorapidity, excluding the
1.9% uncertainty on the integrated luminosity. The charge asymmetry is measured
with an uncertainty between 0.002 and 0.003. The results are compared with
predictions based on next-to-next-to-leading-order calculations with various
parton distribution functions and have the sensitivity to discriminate between
them.Comment: 38 pages in total, author list starting page 22, 5 figures, 4 tables,
submitted to EPJC. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at
https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2017-13
Multiplicity dependence of jet-like two-particle correlations in p-Pb collisions at = 5.02 TeV
Two-particle angular correlations between unidentified charged trigger and
associated particles are measured by the ALICE detector in p-Pb collisions at a
nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV. The transverse-momentum
range 0.7 5.0 GeV/ is examined,
to include correlations induced by jets originating from low
momen\-tum-transfer scatterings (minijets). The correlations expressed as
associated yield per trigger particle are obtained in the pseudorapidity range
. The near-side long-range pseudorapidity correlations observed in
high-multiplicity p-Pb collisions are subtracted from both near-side
short-range and away-side correlations in order to remove the non-jet-like
components. The yields in the jet-like peaks are found to be invariant with
event multiplicity with the exception of events with low multiplicity. This
invariance is consistent with the particles being produced via the incoherent
fragmentation of multiple parton--parton scatterings, while the yield related
to the previously observed ridge structures is not jet-related. The number of
uncorrelated sources of particle production is found to increase linearly with
multiplicity, suggesting no saturation of the number of multi-parton
interactions even in the highest multiplicity p-Pb collisions. Further, the
number scales in the intermediate multiplicity region with the number of binary
nucleon-nucleon collisions estimated with a Glauber Monte-Carlo simulation.Comment: 23 pages, 6 captioned figures, 1 table, authors from page 17,
published version, figures at
http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/161
Multi-particle azimuthal correlations in p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
Measurements of multi-particle azimuthal correlations (cumulants) for charged
particles in p-Pb and Pb-Pb collisions are presented. They help address the
question of whether there is evidence for global, flow-like, azimuthal
correlations in the p-Pb system. Comparisons are made to measurements from the
larger Pb-Pb system, where such evidence is established. In particular, the
second harmonic two-particle cumulants are found to decrease with multiplicity,
characteristic of a dominance of few-particle correlations in p-Pb collisions.
However, when a gap is placed to suppress such correlations,
the two-particle cumulants begin to rise at high-multiplicity, indicating the
presence of global azimuthal correlations. The Pb-Pb values are higher than the
p-Pb values at similar multiplicities. In both systems, the second harmonic
four-particle cumulants exhibit a transition from positive to negative values
when the multiplicity increases. The negative values allow for a measurement of
to be made, which is found to be higher in Pb-Pb collisions at
similar multiplicities. The second harmonic six-particle cumulants are also
found to be higher in Pb-Pb collisions. In Pb-Pb collisions, we generally find
which is indicative of a Bessel-Gaussian
function for the distribution. For very high-multiplicity Pb-Pb
collisions, we observe that the four- and six-particle cumulants become
consistent with 0. Finally, third harmonic two-particle cumulants in p-Pb and
Pb-Pb are measured. These are found to be similar for overlapping
multiplicities, when a gap is placed.Comment: 25 pages, 11 captioned figures, 3 tables, authors from page 20,
published version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/87
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