Incidencia de accidentes laborales omo potencial riesgo biológico en un hospital público de tercer nivel de atención de la provincia de Santa Fé

Los accidentes de trabajo con material corto-punzante son importante causa de perjuicios a los trabajadores y a las instituciones. Objetivo: estimar el riesgo de accidentes laborales en médicos y enfermeros en el Hospital Provincial del Centenario (HPC) y en particular en el Servicio de Guardia Médico (SGM) de dicho centro entre los años 2009 y 2013. Métodos: estudio de cohortes retrospectivo a partir del relevamiento de la información de las injurias por accidentes laborales con riesgo biológico en los trabajadores médicos y enfermeros del HPC. Resultados: los trabajadores médicos denunciaron el 45,7% (IC95%=37,2-54,3%) de los accidentes y los enfermeros el 38,4% (30,3-47,1%). La razón de tasas de incidencias (RTI) (médicos/enfermeros)(2009-2013)= 0,953 (0,661-1,373). Las edades y antigüedades de los trabajadores del SGM resultaron ser significativamente menor que las de las otras áreas asistenciales tomadas en conjunto. Las denuncias de accidentes provenientes del SGM fueron el 34,1% (IC95%: 26,2-42,6%) del total. Los trabajadores del SGM contaban con un promedio de edad y antigüedad significativamente menor que los trabajadores de otros servicios. En el SGM, la RTI (médicos/enfermeros)(2009-2013)= 6,337 (2,264 -17,733). Las edades y antigüedades de los trabajadores médicos del SGM resultaron ser significativamente menor que las de los trabajadores enfermeros en este servicio. Conclusión: El SGM resultó especialmente vulnerable para los accidentes laborales, los trabajadores médicos presentan un riesgo mayor a los accidentes en comparación con los trabajadores de enfermería. La menor edad y antigüedad laboral de los profesionales médicos podría estar relacionada, al menos parcialmente a estos hallazgos.</p

An Essential Role for Diet in Exercise-Mediated Protection against Dyslipidemia, Inflammation and Atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- Mice

Diet and exercise promote cardiovascular health but their relative contributions to atherosclerosis are not fully known. The transition from a sedentary to active lifestyle requires increased caloric intake to achieve energy balance. Using atherosclerosis-prone ApoE-null mice we sought to determine whether the benefits of exercise for arterial disease are dependent on the food source of the additional calories.Mice were fed a high-fat diet (HF) for 4.5 months to initiate atherosclerosis after which time half were continued on HF while the other half were switched to a high protein/fish oil diet (HP). Half of each group underwent voluntary running. Food intake, running distance, body weight, lipids, inflammation markers, and atherosclerotic plaque were quantified. Two-way ANOVA tests were used to assess differences and interactions between groups. Exercised mice ran approximately 6-km per day with no difference between groups. Both groups increased food intake during exercise and there was a significant main effect of exercise F((1,44) = 9.86, p<0.01) without interaction. Diet or exercise produced significant independent effects on body weight (diet: F(1,52) = 6.85, p = 0.012; exercise: F(1,52) = 9.52, p<0.01) with no significant interaction. The combination of HP diet and exercise produced a greater decrease in total cholesterol (F(1, 46) = 7.9, p<0.01) and LDL (F(1, 46) = 7.33, p<0.01) with a large effect on the size of the interaction. HP diet and exercise independently reduced TGL and VLDL (p<0.05 and 0.001 respectively). Interleukin 6 and C-reactive protein were highest in the HF-sedentary group and were significantly reduced by exercise only in this group. Plaque accumulation in the aortic arch, a marker of cardiovascular events was reduced by the HP diet and the effect was significantly potentiated by exercise only in this group resulting in significant plaque regression (F1, 49 = 4.77, p<0.05).In this model exercise is beneficial to combat dyslipidemia and protect from atherosclerosis only when combined with diet

Practice patterns and 90-day treatment-related morbidity in early-stage cervical cancer

To evaluate the impact of the Laparoscopic Approach to Cervical Cancer (LACC) Trial on patterns of care and surgery-related morbidity in early-stage cervical cancer

Calibration of the CMS hadron calorimeters using proton-proton collision data at root s=13 TeV

Methods are presented for calibrating the hadron calorimeter system of theCMSetector at the LHC. The hadron calorimeters of the CMS experiment are sampling calorimeters of brass and scintillator, and are in the form of one central detector and two endcaps. These calorimeters cover pseudorapidities vertical bar eta vertical bar ee data. The energy scale of the outer calorimeters has been determined with test beam data and is confirmed through data with high transverse momentum jets. In this paper, we present the details of the calibration methods and accuracy.Peer reviewe

Preliminary study of alterations in human red blood cells by irradiation with high energy photons

Introduction: Transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease can be prevented by treating cellular blood products with gamma irradiation. A wide range of gamma irradiation dose levels are used in routine practice, but gamma irradiation dose of 25 Gy may be required to completely inactivate T cells in Red Blood Cells (RBC) units (Pelszynski, M. et al., 1994). This process decreases the survival of the RBC transfused, so it is crucial to understand the alterations caused by gamma irradiation to the erythrocyte membrane. In previous works, the biochemical and hematological effects of gamma irradiation at different storage periods were studied. It was observed that irradiation of the erythrocytes increases red cells hemolysis and leakage of intracellular potassium (Adams, F. et al., 2015; Yousuf, R. et al., 2018). The mechanisms through which irradiation causes the loss of RBC viability could be related to the primary effects of radiation. Gamma and X-ray Ionizing radiation cause indirect damage through the reactive oxygen species generated by water radiolysis (Anand, A.J. et al., 1997). The reduced deformability of RBC after irradiation could be related to the interaction of the oxygen-derived radicals with the membranes, affecting their mechanical properties and leading to deformability impairment (Kim, Y.-K. et al., 2008). In a recent work (AlZahrani K. et al., 2017), nanoestructural changes in the RBC membrane at different doses of gamma irradiation were observed using atomic force microscopy. The images shown that the roughness of the cell membrane increased dramatically with increasing doses, affecting their biophysical properties. However, more research is needed to understand the effects of gamma irradiation on the mechanical and adhesion properties of RBC. For this reason, in the present work we set out to measure the mechanical and aggregation parameters of human red blood cells exposed to gamma photons in different doses in order to determine the possible alterations due to radiation.Fil: Riquelme, Bibiana Doris. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Física Rosario (IFIR-CONICET); Argentina.Fil: Estrada, Ezequiel. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Ingeniería y Agrimensura; Argentina.Fil: Castellini, Horacio V. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Ingeniería y Agrimensura; Argentina.Fil: Acosta, Andrea. Centro Regional de Hemoterapia de Santa Fe; Argentina.Fil: Chinelatto, Alejandro. Centro Regional de Hemoterapia de Santa Fe; Argentina.Fil: Tack, Ivan, Ivan. Centro Regional de Hemoterapia de Santa Fe; Argentina.Fil: Borraz, Javier. Centro Regional de Hemoterapia de Santa Fe; Argentina.Fil: Di Tullio, Liliana. Centro Regional de Hemoterapia de Santa Fe; Argentina.Fil: Galassi, Mariel E. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Física Rosario (IFIR-CONICET); Argentina.Fil: Galassi, Mariel E. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Ingeniería y Agrimensura; Argentina

Factors associated with mortality among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 disease treated with convalescent plasma

The use of convalescent plasma (CP) for hospitalized patients with SARSCoV-2 infection might be a useful option in certain settings. Soon after the outbreak of COVID-19, the National Ministry of Health of Argentina recommended the use of CP transfusion for hospitalized patients with COVID-19 disease. Between 1 June and 3 October 2020, 480 patients, excluding those on invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), received at least one CP infusion in the province of Santa Fe. We aimed to find factors associated with mortality among this cohort of patients. The median age was 60 years (interquartile range: 49–69 years) and 320 (66.7%) were males. Most of these patients (93.75%) received a single CP infusion, 82.1% and 95.6% before day 4 and day 7 of hospitalization, respectively. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 titers were determined in the CP units administered using Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 S assay. At 28 days of follow-up, 250 patients were discharged (52.1%), 131 (27.3%) remained hospitalized without and 16 (3.3%) with oxygen requirement, 27 (5.6%) were on IMV, and 56 (11.7%) had died. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the factors significantly associated with 28-day mortality were (i) requirement of IMV, (ii) the administration of CP after the third day of hospitalization, (iii) age, and (iv) number of comorbidities. The qualitative and quantitative analyses of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in the infused CP were not associated with mortality. Our findings may imply a seemingly favorable effect of CP administration among patients with severe COVID-19 disease when infused sooner after hospitalization.Fil: Perichon, Armando M. Ministerio de Salud. Centro Único de Donación, Ablación e Implante de Órganos; Argentina.Fil: Acosta, Andrea. Ministerio de Salud. Centro Regional de Hemoterapia Sur; Argentina.Fil: Di Tullio, Liliana. Ministerio de Salud. Centro Regional de Hemoterapia Sur; Argentina.Fil: Munuce, María José. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Laboratorio de Medicina Reproductiva. Área Bioquímica Clínicas; Argentina.Fil: Pezzotto, Stella. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Instituto de Inmunología Clínica y Experimental de Rosario. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.Fil: Pezzotto, Stella. Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario. Consejo de Investigaciones; Argentina.Fil: Bottasso, Oscar. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Instituto de Inmunología Clínica y Experimental de Rosario. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.Fil: Bottasso, Oscar. Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Rosario. Consejo de Investigaciones; Argentina.Fil: Nannini, Esteban C. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Instituto de Inmunología Clínica y Experimental de Rosario. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.Fil: Nannini, Esteban C. Sanatorio Británico. Servicio de Infectología; Argentina

Preliminar study of the effects of gamma radiation on human redblood cells

En este estudio se analizaron los parámetros viscoelásticos y de agregación en glóbulos rojos humanos sometidos a los procedimientos habituales de irradiación gamma con fines transfusionales. Las muestras fueron irradiadas a diferentes dosis a fin de determinar los posibles cambios hemorreológicos que pudieran afectar a la salud de los pacientes y su relación con las modificaciones bioquímicas observadas. Los resultados obtenidos muestran alteraciones en el tiempo de agregación, en la viscosidad superficial de membrana y en el tamaño de los agregados eritrocitarios en las muestras irradiadas, sugiriendo que el daño producido por la radiación ionizante afecta a las propiedades físicas de la membrana del glóbulo rojo en diferentes niveles.In this study, the alterations in viscoelastic and aggregation parameters of red blood cells were analyzed for usual gamma irradiation procedures for transfusion purposes. In order to determine possible hemorheological changes that may affect the health of patients and their relationship with the biochemical changes observed, the blood samples were irradiated at different doses. The results show alterations in the erythrocyte aggregation time, in the membrane surface viscosity and in the size of the aggregates in the irradiated samples, suggesting that the damage produced by the ionizing radiation affects the physical properties of red blood cell membrane at different levels.Fil: Estrada, Ezequiel. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Ingeniería y Agrimensura; Argentina.Fil: Estrada, Ezequiel. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Física Rosario (IFIR-CONICET); Argentina.Fil: Castellini, Horacio V. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Ingeniería y Agrimensura; Argentina.Fil: Acosta, Andrea. Centro Regional de Hemoterapia de Santa Fe; Argentina.Fil: Di Tullio, Liliana. Centro Regional de Hemoterapia de Santa Fe; Argentina.Fil: Borraz, Javier. Centro Regional de Hemoterapia de Santa Fe; Argentina.Fil: Chinelatto, Alejandro. Centro Regional de Hemoterapia de Santa Fe; Argentina.Fil: Tack, Ivan, Ivan. Centro Regional de Hemoterapia de Santa Fe; Argentina.Fil: D'Arrigo, Mabel. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Área Química Analítica Clínica; Argentina.Fil: Riquelme, Bibiana Doris. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Física Rosario (IFIR-CONICET); Argentina.Fil: Galassi, Mariel E. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Ingeniería y Agrimensura; Argentina.Fil: Galassi, Mariel E. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Física Rosario (IFIR-CONICET); Argentina

Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)

In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation, calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting. Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for bona fide autophagic responses. Here, we critically discuss current methods of assessing autophagy and the information they can, or cannot, provide. Our ultimate goal is to encourage intellectual and technical innovation in the field

Measurements of dose-rate effects in the radiation damage of plastic scintillator tiles using silicon photomultipliers

Measurements are presented of the reduction of signal output due to radiation damage for plastic scintillator tiles used in the hadron endcap (HE) calorimeter of the CMS detector. The tiles were exposed to particles produced in proton-proton (pp) collisions at the CERN LHC with a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to a delivered luminosity of 50 fb$^{-1}$. The measurements are based on readout channels of the HE that were instrumented with silicon photomultipliers, and are derived using data from several sources: a laser calibration system, a movable radioactive source, as well as hadrons and muons produced in pp collisions. Results from several irradiation campaigns using $^{60}$Co sources are also discussed. The damage is presented as a function of dose rate. Within the range of these measurements, for a fixed dose the damage increases with decreasing dose rate