Perfeccionamiento de la red eléctrica en la Empresa Pesquera Industrial La Coloma

In the present investigation a study was made of the main electrical systems in the base enterprise unit "La Coloma", diagnosing and solving a great number of problems of the electric consumption in this enterprise. As a result of the study, were found problems referred to the inadequate design of the of the electric distribution supply of the unit, the high frequency of breaks of the electric industrial motors, the systematic affectations to the illumination system, the affectation of some parameters of quality of the electric power, the high energy consumptions which causes abundant expenses in convertible pesos, including among them the penalizations for concept of deterioration of the factor of power. It was justified a retrospective study by means of the descriptive document of flaws and technical breaks of the accidental ones that implied electric breaks starting from the 2005. With the use of an analyzer of nets , were carried out different measurements and calculations from some relative parameters to the electric power in the circuit of lobster's line and in the ice's plant, it finished with a redesign of the electric net of feeding in low tension of the circuits analyzed in the industry, with a notable improvement in all parameters related with the energy quality, becoming everything a saving of 569 196 kWh, the total ceasing of the relative penalizations to the factor of power and a total allowance of $14 374,9 convertible pesos in the year 2012.En la presente investigación se hizo un estudio de los principales sistemas eléctricos en la (UEB) Unidad Empresarial de Base Industria La Coloma, diagnosticándose y solucionándose un importante número de problemas eléctricos en la misma. Como resultado se detectan problemas referidos al diseño inadecuado de la red de alimentación, la alta frecuencia de roturas en los motores eléctricos industriales, las afectaciones sistemáticas al sistema de alumbrado, la afectación de algunos parámetros de calidad de la energía eléctrica, los altos consumos energéticos y por ende los gastos cuantiosos en divisa, incluyendo entre ellos las penalizaciones por concepto de deterioro del factor de potencia. Esto justificó un estudio retrospectivo mediante el documento descriptivo de fallas y roturas técnicas de los imprevistos que implicaron roturas eléctricas a partir del 2005. Con el empleo de un analizador de redes se realizaron diferentes mediciones y cálculos de algunos parámetros relativos a la energía eléctrica en el circuito línea de langosta y planta de hielo, que culmina con un rediseño de la red eléctrica de alimentación en baja tensión de los circuitos analizados en la industria, con una notable mejora en todos los parámetros relacionados con la calidad energética, traduciéndose todo en un ahorro de 569 196 Kwh., cese total de las penalizaciones relativas al factor de potencia y una bonificación total de$ 14 374,9 pesos convertibles en el año 2012

Promotion, prevention and protection: interventions at the population- and community-levels for mental, neurological and substance use disorders in low- and middle-income countries

Background In addition to services within the health system, interventions at the population and community levels are also important for the promotion of mental health, primary prevention of mental, neurological and substance use (MNS) disorders, identification and case detection of MNS disorders; and to a lesser degree treatment, care and rehabilitation. This study aims to identify “best practice” and “good practice” interventions that can feasibly be delivered at these population- and community-levels in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), to aid the identification of resource efficiencies and allocation in LMICs. Methods A narrative review was conducted given the wide range of relevant interventions. Expert consensus was used to identify “best practice” at the population-level on the basis of existing quasi-experimental natural experiments and cost effectiveness, with small scale emerging and promising evidence comprising “good practice”. At the community-level, using expert consensus, the ACE (Assessing Cost-Effectiveness in Prevention Project) grading system was used to differentiate “best practice” interventions with sufficient evidence from “good practice” interventions with limited but promising evidence. ResultsAt the population-level, laws and regulations to control alcohol demand and restrict access to lethal means of suicide were considered “best practice”. Child protection laws, improved control of neurocysticercosis and mass awareness campaigns were identified as “good practice”. At the community level, socio-emotional learning programmes in schools and parenting programmes during infancy were identified as “best practice”. The following were all identified as “good practice”: Integrating mental health promotion strategies into workplace occupational health and safety policies; mental health information and awareness programmes as well as detection of MNS disorders in schools; early child enrichment/preschool educational programs and parenting programs for children aged 2–14 years; gender equity and/or economic empowerment programs for vulnerable groups; training of gatekeepers to identify people with MNS disorders in the community; and training non-specialist community members at a neighbourhood level to assist with community-based support and rehabilitation of people with mental disorders. Conclusion Interventions provided at the population- and community-levels have an important role to play in promoting mental health, preventing the onset, and protecting those with MNS disorders. The importance of inter-sectoral enga

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Perfeccionamiento de la red eléctrica en la Empresa Pesquera Industrial La Coloma

In the present investigation a study was made of the main electrical systems in the base enterprise unit "La Coloma", diagnosing and solving a great number of problems of the electric consumption in this enterprise. As a result of the study, were found problems referred to the inadequate design of the of the electric distribution supply of the unit, the high frequency of breaks of the electric industrial motors, the systematic affectations to the illumination system, the affectation of some parameters of quality of the electric power, the high energy consumptions which causes abundant expenses in convertible pesos, including among them the penalizations for concept of deterioration of the factor of power. It was justified a retrospective study by means of the descriptive document of flaws and technical breaks of the accidental ones that implied electric breaks starting from the 2005. With the use of an analyzer of nets , were carried out different measurements and calculations from some relative parameters to the electric power in the circuit of lobster's line and in the ice's plant, it finished with a redesign of the electric net of feeding in low tension of the circuits analyzed in the industry, with a notable improvement in all parameters related with the energy quality, becoming everything a saving of 569 196 kWh, the total ceasing of the relative penalizations to the factor of power and a total allowance of $14 374,9 convertible pesos in the year 2012.En la presente investigación se hizo un estudio de los principales sistemas eléctricos en la (UEB) Unidad Empresarial de Base Industria La Coloma, diagnosticándose y solucionándose un importante número de problemas eléctricos en la misma. Como resultado se detectan problemas referidos al diseño inadecuado de la red de alimentación, la alta frecuencia de roturas en los motores eléctricos industriales, las afectaciones sistemáticas al sistema de alumbrado, la afectación de algunos parámetros de calidad de la energía eléctrica, los altos consumos energéticos y por ende los gastos cuantiosos en divisa, incluyendo entre ellos las penalizaciones por concepto de deterioro del factor de potencia. Esto justificó un estudio retrospectivo mediante el documento descriptivo de fallas y roturas técnicas de los imprevistos que implicaron roturas eléctricas a partir del 2005. Con el empleo de un analizador de redes se realizaron diferentes mediciones y cálculos de algunos parámetros relativos a la energía eléctrica en el circuito línea de langosta y planta de hielo, que culmina con un rediseño de la red eléctrica de alimentación en baja tensión de los circuitos analizados en la industria, con una notable mejora en todos los parámetros relacionados con la calidad energética, traduciéndose todo en un ahorro de 569 196 Kwh., cese total de las penalizaciones relativas al factor de potencia y una bonificación total de$ 14 374,9 pesos convertibles en el año 2012