Desarrollo de una metodología para incrementar el porcentaje y la velocidad de germinación de semillas de A. muricata L.

Con la finalidad de incrementar el porcentaje y disminuir el tiempo de germinación de semillas de guanábana (Annona muricata L.), se llevó a cabo un experimento bifactorial en el que se estudió la influencia de la escarificación, y la imbibición de la semilla sobre su porcentaje y velocidad de germinación. Los resultados obtenidos evidenciaron que la interacción de la escarificación mecánica, y la imbibición con cloruro de sodio en combinación con ácido giberélico mejoraron sustancialmente tanto el porcentaje como la velocidad de la germinación de las semillas

Bioactivity, nutritional property, and rapid chemical characterization of aqueous extract of Annona muricata leaf from Mexico

Purpose: To investigate the bioactive and nutritional properties, as well as rapid chemical characterization of aqueous extract of Annona muricata leaf from Mexico Methods: The crude aqueous extract of A. muricata leaf was obtained by decoction. Cytotoxicity was tested against cervicouterine cancer cells (HeLa) using methyl thiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using 2, 2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Nutritional evaluation was carried out according to Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) procedures. Rapid qualitative chemical characterization of the extract was carried out by direct analysis in real-time mass spectrometry (DART-MS) method. Results: The aqueous extract of A. muricata leaf showed cytotoxicity against HeLa cells and also antioxidant activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Nutritional analysis revealed the presence of carbohydrates, vitamin C, Na, and Fe in the aqueous extract. DART-MS spectra showed the presence of alkaloids and phenols as the major components. Conclusion: The cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of the aqueous extract of A. muricata leaf lend some support for its traditional uses as anti-cancer remedy. These activities are probably due to its active secondary metabolites. Thus, the aqueous extract is a source of healthy nutritional components as well as a potential anti-cancer agent for humans

An overview of anti-diabetic plants used in Gabon: Pharmacology and Toxicology

© 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Ethnopharmacological relevance: The management of diabetes mellitus management in African communities, especially in Gabon, is not well established as more than 60% of population rely on traditional treatments as primary healthcare. The aim of this review was to collect and present the scientific evidence for the use of medicinal plants that are in currect by Gabonese traditional healers to manage diabetes or hyperglycaemia based here on the pharmacological and toxicological profiles of plants with anti-diabetic activity. There are presented in order to promote their therapeutic value, ensure a safer use by population and provide some bases for further study on high potential plants reviewed. Materials and methods: Ethnobotanical studies were sourced using databases such as Online Wiley library, Pubmed, Google Scholar, PROTA, books and unpublished data including Ph.D. and Master thesis, African and Asian journals. Keywords including ‘Diabetes’ ‘Gabon’ ‘Toxicity’ ‘Constituents’ ‘hyperglycaemia’ were used. Results: A total of 69 plants currently used in Gabon with potential anti-diabetic activity have been identified in the literature, all of which have been used in in vivo or in vitro studies. Most of the plants have been studied in human or animal models for their ability to reduce blood glucose, stimulate insulin secretion or inhibit carbohydrates enzymes. Active substances have been identified in 12 out of 69 plants outlined in this review, these include Allium cepa and Tabernanthe iboga. Only eight plants have their active substances tested for anti-diabetic activity and are suitables for further investigation. Toxicological data is scarce and is dose-related to the functional parameters of major organs such as kidney and liver. Conclusion: An in-depth understanding on the pharmacology and toxicology of Gabonese anti-diabetic plants is lacking yet there is a great scope for new treatments. With further research, the use of Gabonese anti-diabetic plants is important to ensure the safety of the diabetic patients in Gabon.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio

Incremento de calidad y menor costo de producción de brócoli (brassica oleracea l.) Mediante nutrición balanceada vía fertirriego

Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L.) is a vegetable of economic and nutritional importance due to its dietary and medicinal properties. The size of the floret is its main commercial character. Various studies have shown that the contribution of fertilizers through irrigation improves the plant’s production and efficiency. Based on this, the evolution of vegetative growth, quality, and production cost of a broccoli crop fertilized with 21N-17P-3K and fertirrigated with soluble fertilizers in balanced form was analyzed, in a commercial plot in the state of Querétaro, México. The experimental design consisted of one control and one treatment with balanced nutrition. The first had weekly applications of N-22, NPK and Ca(NO3)2, while the experimental one received 21-17-3 and soluble fertilizers according to the stage and nutritional demand of the plant identified through foliar analysis. The results obtained indicate that there was higher broccoli production of class I with the treatment proposed (49.7 %) versus 26.8 % for the control. For production class II, the treatment proposed obtained 50.2 % compared to 73.1 % of the control. The cost for fertilizers for the balanced nutrition treatment was 7.1 % less expensive than the control. With the results obtained it is suggested that the quality and production of a broccoli crop can be increased by using soluble fertilizers following a program of specialized balanced plant nutrition

Plantas endémicas y de interés para el noroeste de Michoacán. Estado actual y necesidades de conservación

¿Por qué es importante conocer las plantas de una región? Habrás notado que los patios y salas de las casas suele haber diferentes tipos de plantas; algunas son de ornato, otras pueden servir de repelentes por la fragancia que producen, y también están aquellas que se aprovechan para remedios o para cocinar. Si estas en zonas rurales, verás que debido al mayor espacio que existe alrededor de la casa, hay plantas en botes colgados en la pared, macetas y, por supuesto, sembradas en pequeños espacios, que le dan a la casa un aire de frescura y colorido particular. Incluso, más allá el espacio habitado por el hombre es posible apreciar un panorama más variado de plantas en cultivos, cerros, en las orillas de los ríos, etcétera; pero, ¿cómo saben las mamás, las abuelas y el ser humano en general qué plantas utilizar y para qué fin? desde tiempos y memorables hay personas dedicadas a seleccionar cómo reproducir, cultivar diferentes plantas y, en ocasiones, gracias a que son tan meticulosas y entusiastas, algunas especies de flores y de plantas son rescatadas y propagadas evitando su extinción. Así que, si bien Michoacán es un estado rico en diversidad biológica, ese patrimonio natural también debe mucho a las personas que tienen un compromiso manifiesto por la conservació

Desarrollo de una metodología para incrementar el porcentaje y la velocidad de germinación de semillas de A. muricata L.

Con la finalidad de incrementar el porcentaje y disminuir el tiempo de germinación de semillas de guanábana (Annona muricata L.), se llevó a cabo un experimento bifactorial en el que se estudió la influencia de la escarificación, y la imbibición de la semilla sobre su porcentaje y velocidad de germinación. Los resultados obtenidos evidenciaron que la interacción de la escarificación mecánica, y la imbibición con cloruro de sodio en combinación con ácido giberélico mejoraron sustancialmente tanto el porcentaje como la velocidad de la germinación de las semillas.</jats:p

Annona muricata: A comprehensive review on its traditional medicinal uses, phytochemicals, pharmacological activities, mechanisms of action and toxicity

AbstractAnnona muricata L. (Magnoliales: Annonaceae) is a tropical plant species known for its edible fruit which has some medicinal merits, but also some toxicological effects. This review focuses on the phytochemicals contents, bioactivity, biological actions and toxicological aspects of extracts and isolated compounds, as well as medicinal uses of A. muricata, with the objective of stimulating further studies on extracts and fruit pulp used for human consumption. Traditional medicinal uses of A. muricata have been identified in tropical regions to treat diverse ailments such as fever, pain, respiratory and skin illness, internal and external parasites, bacterial infections, hypertension, inflammation, diabetes and cancer. More than 200 chemical compounds have been identified and isolated from this plant; the most important being alkaloids, phenols and acetogenins. Using in vitro studies, extracts and phytochemicals of A. muricata have been characterized as an antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-protozoan, antioxidant, insecticide, larvicide, and cytotoxic to tumor cells. In vivo studies of the crude extracts and isolated compounds of A. muricata were shown to possess anxiolytic, anti-stress, anti-inflammatory, contraceptive, anti-tumoral, antiulceric, wound healing, hepato-protective, anti-icteric and hypoglycemic activities. In addition, clinical studies support the hypoglycemic activity of the ethanolic extracts of A. muricata leaves. Mechanisms of action of some pharmacological activities have been elucidated, such as cytotoxic, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antinociception and hypotensive activities. However, some phytochemical compounds isolated from A. muricata have shown a neurotoxic effect in vitro and in vivo, and therefore, these crude extracts and isolated compounds need to be further investigated to define the magnitude of the effects, optimal dosage, mechanisms of action, long-term safety, and potential side effects. Additionally, clinical studies are necessary to support the therapeutic potential of this plant

Bioactivity, nutritional property, and rapid chemical characterization of aqueous extract of Annona muricata leaf from Mexico

Purpose: To investigate the bioactive and nutritional properties, as well as rapid chemical characterization of aqueous extract of Annona muricata leaf from Mexico&#x0D; Methods: The crude aqueous extract of A. muricata leaf was obtained by decoction. Cytotoxicity was tested against cervicouterine cancer cells (HeLa) using methyl thiazol tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using 2, 2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Nutritional evaluation was carried out according to Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC) procedures. Rapid qualitative chemical characterization of the extract was carried out by direct analysis in real-time mass spectrometry (DART-MS) method.&#x0D; Results: The aqueous extract of A. muricata leaf showed cytotoxicity against HeLa cells and also antioxidant activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Nutritional analysis revealed the presence of carbohydrates, vitamin C, Na, and Fe in the aqueous extract. DART-MS spectra showed the presence of alkaloids and phenols as the major components.&#x0D; Conclusion: The cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of the aqueous extract of A. muricata leaf lend some support for its traditional uses as anti-cancer remedy. These activities are probably due to its active secondary metabolites. Thus, the aqueous extract is a source of healthy nutritional components as well as a potential anti-cancer agent for humans.</jats:p