28 research outputs found

    A Projection Approach to the Numerical Analysis of Limit Load Problems

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    International audienceThis paper proposes a numerical scheme to approximate the solution of (vectorial) limit load problems. The method makes use of a strictly convex perturbation of the problem, which corresponds to a projection of the deformation field under bounded deformation and incompressibility constraints. The discretized formulation of this perturbation converges to the solution of the original landslide problem when the amplitude of the perturbation tends to zero. The projection is computed numerically with a multi-steps gradient descent on the dual formation of the problem

    Generation of Large-Scale Vorticity in a Homogeneous Turbulence with a Mean Velocity Shear

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    An effect of a mean velocity shear on a turbulence and on the effective force which is determined by the gradient of Reynolds stresses is studied. Generation of a mean vorticity in a homogeneous incompressible turbulent flow with an imposed mean velocity shear due to an excitation of a large-scale instability is found. The instability is caused by a combined effect of the large-scale shear motions (''skew-induced" deflection of equilibrium mean vorticity) and ''Reynolds stress-induced" generation of perturbations of mean vorticity. Spatial characteristics, such as the minimum size of the growing perturbations and the size of perturbations with the maximum growth rate, are determined. This instability and the dynamics of the mean vorticity are associated with the Prandtl's turbulent secondary flows. This instability is similar to the mean-field magnetic dynamo instability. Astrophysical applications of the obtained results are discussed.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, REVTEX4, submitted to Phys. Rev.

    A taxonomic bibliography of the South American snakes of the Crotalus durissus complex (Serpentes, Viperidae)

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    Existence de solution d'une equation elliptique avec un exposant de Sobolev critique

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    SIGLEAvailable from INIST (FR), Document Supply Service, under shelf-number : T 79603 / INIST-CNRS - Institut de l'Information Scientifique et TechniqueFRFranc

    ModĂšle de Ginzburg-Landau (solutions radiales et branches de bifurcation)

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    PARIS-BIUSJ-ThÚses (751052125) / SudocPARIS-BIUSJ-Mathématiques rech (751052111) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Optimisation de formes dans la classe des corps de largeur constante et des rotors

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    Au cours de cette thÚse, on s est intéressé à des problÚmes de minimisation de fonctionnelles géométriques. Nous étudions les corps de largeur constante en dimension 2 et nous redémontrons le théorÚme de Blaschke-Lebesgue par la théorie du contrÎle. Nous étudions aussi en dimension 3, le problÚme de minimisation du volume dans la classe des corps de largeur constante et à symétrie de révolution. Nous abordons ce problÚme par la théorie du contrÎle et l'utilisation du principe de Pontryagin fournit des conditions nécessaires sur un minimiseur. Nous étudions ensuite le proble me de minimisation de l'aire pour les rotors. Par le principe de Pontryagin, nous montrons qu'un minimiseur est formé d'une intersection finie d'arcs de cercle. Nous étudions également des propriétés d'optimalité locale des rotors réguliers pour la fonctionnelle d'aire en gnéralisant le résultat de Firey. Enfin, nous étudions le problÚme de minimisation de l'aire dans la classe des corps de largeur constante en dimension 3. Nous introduisons un espace fonctionnel permettant de représenter analytiquement ces objets. Nous en déduisons des conditions d'optimalité pour un minimiseur.PARIS-BIUSJ-ThÚses (751052125) / SudocPARIS-BIUSJ-Physique recherche (751052113) / SudocSudocFranceF

    A Neumann problem with critical Sobolev exponent

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    Mathematics Technical Repor

    Finite Element Model of Soil Water and Nutrient Transport with Root Uptake: Explicit Geometry and Unstructured Adaptive Meshing

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    International audienceIn this paper, we consider a model of soil water and nutrient transport with plant root uptake. The ge-ometry of the plant root system is explicitly taken into account in the soil model. We first describe our modeling approach. Then, we introduce an adaptive mesh refinement procedure enabling us to accurately capture the geom-etry of the root system and small-scale phenomena in the rhizosphere. Finally, we present a domain decomposition technique for solving the problems arising from the soil model as well as some numerical results
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