555 research outputs found
Insuficienţa respiratorie acută şi disfuncţia multiplă de organe la gravide cu complicatii pulmonare de etiologie virală
Catedra Anesteziologie şi Reanimatologie N2, Catedra Anesteziologie şi Reanimatologie N1 USMF „Nicolae Testemiţanu”In the study have been included 26 pregnant women and lying-in women with severe pulmonary complications associated with pandemic influenza virus a new type A (H1N1) -2009. Average age were about 28.2 ± 1.7 years, most pregnant women (84.62%) were in the second period of pregnancy, of which 65.38% in the last weeks of pregnancy. The most frequent pulmonary complications in pregnant women with influenza pandemic were viral pneumonia, bacterial pneumonia, acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome, spontaneous pneumotorax, pneumomediastinum, pleural effusion, passive regurgitation. Intensive care was complex and multi-faceted based on general principles and specific treatment, one of the main criteria is application of respiratory therapy carried out well and conduct begun on time. Pregnancy resolution in a timely manner is an important factor contributing to improved clinical outcomes in pregnant women with intensive pulmonary complications of pandemic influenza.
În studiu au fost incluse 26 de gravide cu complicatii pulmonare severe pe fondal de Gripă pandemică cu virusul de tip nou A (H1N1) - 2009. Majoritatea gravidelor (84,62%) au fost în a doua perioadă a sarcinii, dintre care 65,38% în ultimele săptămâni ale gravidităţii. Cele mai frecvente complicaţii pulmonare la gravidele cu gripă pandemică au fost pneumonii virale, pneumonii bacteriene, leziune pulmonară acută /sindrom de detresa respiratorie acută, pneumotorace spontan, pneumomediastinum, pleurezie, regurgitare pasivă. Terapia intensivă efectuată a fost complexă şi multidirecţională, bazată pe principii generale şi speciale de tratament, unul din criteriile de baza fiind aplicarea unei terapii respiratorii bine conduita si începuta la momentul oportun. Rezolvare sarcinii în timp util este un factor important ce contribue la ameliorarea rezultatelor tratamentului intensiv la gravide cu complicaţii pulmonare ale Gripei Pandemice
Острая диарея: проблемы и перспективы
Centrul Naţional Ştiinţifico-Practic de Medicină Preventivă, Chişinău, Conferinţa Ştiinţifico-Practică „Medicina modernă, actualităţi şi perspective”, consacrată aniversării de 40 de ani ai Spitalului Clinic al Ministerului Sănătăţii, 27-28 mai, 2010, Chişinău, Republica MoldovaIn order to determine etiologic factors of acute intestinal infections in the years 2007-2009, 7076 patients (adults and children) were examined
for pathogenic flora (1518 patients), intestinal microflora (conditioned pathogenic; 5092 patients) and intestinal dismicrobism (466 patients).
The study showed that acute diarrhea is caused by both pathogenic and conditioned pathogenic agents. Conditioned pathogenic agents may
cause acute diarrhea in both microbial associations and as a single causative agent. Acute diarrhea can be caused by hemolylical microbial agents
that need to be evaluated as pathogens. Diagnosis of “intestinal dismicrobism” can be considered as an intestinal syndrome only in cases when
microbial agents are not detected in diagnosing titres.В целях определения этиологических факторов острых кишечных инфекций в 2007-2009 годах было обследовано 7076 пациентов
(взрослых и детей), из них 1518 на патогенную флору, 5092 на кишечную микрофлору (условно патогенную) и 466 на кишечный
дисмикробизм. Исследование показало, что острые диарейные заболевания обусловлены как патогенными, так и условно патогенными
микроорганизмами. Условно патогенная флора вызывает острые диарейные заболевания, как при микробных ассоциациях, так и в
случае выявления только одного возбудителя. Острая диарея может быть вызвана гемолитическими микробными агентами, которые
должны быть оценены как патогенные организмы. Диагноз «кишечный дисмикробизм» может считаться кишечным синдромом только
в тех случаях, когда патогенные микробы не обнаруживаются в диагностическом титре
Fingerprints Indicating Superior Properties of Internal Interfaces in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Thin-Film Solar Cells
Growth of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) absorbers under Cu-poor conditions gives rise to incorporation of numerous defects into the bulk, whereas the same absorber grown under Cu-rich conditions leads to a stoichiometric bulk with minimum defects. This suggests that CIGS absorbers grown under Cu-rich conditions are more suitable for solar cell applications. However, the CIGS solar cell devices with record efficiencies have all been fabricated under Cu-poor conditions, despite the expectations. Therefore, in the present work, both Cu-poor and Cu-rich CIGS cells are investigated, and the superior properties of the internal interfaces of the Cu-poor CIGS cells, such as the p-n junction and grain boundaries, which always makes them the record-efficiency devices, are shown. More precisely, by employing a correlative microscopy approach, the typical fingerprints for superior properties of internal interfaces necessary for maintaining a lower recombination activity in the cell is discovered. These are a Cu-depleted and Cd-enriched CIGS absorber surface, near the p-n junction, as well as a negative Cu factor (∆β) and high Na content (>1.5 at%) at the grain boundaries. Thus, this work provides key factors governing the device performance (efficiency), which can be considered in the design of next-generation solar cells
Optimal microwave control pulse for nuclear spin polarization and readout in dense nitrogen-vacancy ensembles in diamond
Nitrogen-vacancy centers possessing nuclear spins are promising candidates
for a novel nuclear spin gyroscope. Preparation of a nuclear spin state is a
crucial step to implement a sensor that utilizes a nuclear spin. In a low
magnetic field, such a preparation utilizes population transfer, from polarized
electronic spin to nuclear spin, using microwave pulses. The use of the
narrowband microwave pulse proposed earlier is inefficient when magnetic
transitions are not well resolved, particularly when applied to diamond with a
natural abundance of carbon atoms or dense ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy
centers. In this study, the authors performed optimization of the pulse shape
for 3 relatively easily accessible pulse shapes. The optimization was done for
a range of magnetic transition linewidths, corresponding to the practically
important range of nitrogen concentrations (5-50 ppm). It was found that, while
at low nitrogen concentrations, optimized pulse added very little to simple
square shape pulse, and in the case of dense nitrogen-vacancy ensembles, with a
rather wide magnetic transition width of 1.5 MHz optimal pulses, a factor of
15% improvement in the population of the target state was observed
Frequency and impact of glutathione-S-transferase gene polymorphisms on lung function and bronchial asthma susceptibility in Moldovan children
Scientific Department of Pediatrics, Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health Care, Congresul III al Medicilor de Familie din Republica Moldova, 17–18 mai, 2012, Chişinău, Republica Moldova, Conferinţa Naţională „Maladii bronhoobstructive la copii”, consacrată profesorului universitar, doctor habilitat Victor Gheţeul, 27 aprilie, Chişinău, Republica MoldovaAsthma is a highly prevalent chronic inflammatory disease
of the respiratory tract with genetic predisposition. However, the
complex mechanisms of its inheritance, from the genetic predisposition of atopy to allergic diseases, are still not completely
understood. Recent data suggest that the pathogenesis of atopic
diseases is complex and might be caused by gene-gene and/or
gene-environmental interactions. Polymorphisms of the glutathione-S-transferase (GST) genes are known risk factors for some
environmentally related diseases.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the frequency
of polymorphisms in the GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1 and NAT2 genes
in the population groups of healthy Moldovans and children with
asthma, and to analyze their role on lung function.
The studied population included 180 subjects – 90 children
with asthma, aged 5 to 17 years (mean ± VEM age of 10,9 ± 0,4
years) and 90 healthy controls who showed no signs or history of
allergic diseases (mean age 13,5 ± 0,2 years). The asthma group included 51 males and 39 females, who were randomly selected from
asthmatic children referred by the Allergy Clinic of the Research
Institute for Maternal and Child Healthcare, Chisinau, Moldova,
during 2009-2010. Asthma was defined according to the criteria
of the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA). A complete clinical
history, physical examination, and pulmonary function test (PFT)
were performed for all the subjects in accordance with standards.
Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity
(FVC) were measured using a portable spirometer (Spirobank G,
Mir, Italy). Genes coding for the xenobiotic-metabolizing enzymes
(GSTT1, GSTM1, GSTP1 and NAT2) were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Analysis of the xenobiotic-metabolizing enzyme genes’ frequency in the studied population showed an equally distributed
prevalence of GST genes genotypes in the patient group in comparison with the controls. However, the heterozygous genotype of
the GSTP1 341 C>T Ala114Val polymorphism was found significantly more frequent in healthy subjects (14,4±9,7% in patients vs
26,7±9,0% in controls; χ2 = 3,4, gl = 1, p=0,06). The GSTM1 null
genotype was overrepresented in asthmatic males in comparison
with controls (54,9±9,4% vs 35,3±11,3%; χ2
= 3,21, gl=1, p=0,07).
The GSTT1 null genotype was associated with a significant decrease in the FEV1/FVC% ratio when compared with the GSTT1
wild genotype (89,3±3,4 vs 95,8±1,3, respectively, p<0,05) and the
homozygous GSTP1 Val105Val genotype was associated with the
decrease of FEV1 (64,4±8,2 vs 87,3±2,5 in patients with GSTP1
Ile105/x genotypes, p<0,001) and the FEV1/FVC% ratio (82,6±5,7
vs 95,8±1,2 in patients with GSTP1 Ile105/x genotypes, p<0,01).
However, there was no association between GSTM1 polymorphism
and lung function tests.
Our results suggest that GST gene polymorphisms may play
an important role in asthma susceptibility in Moldovan children.
Also GST gene polymorphisms may affect asthma pathogenesis as
polymorphisms influence lung functioning in asthmatic children.
These findings suggest a potentially raised susceptibility to negative environmental influences and predisposition to respiratory
morbidity in this particular group
Interaction of Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond with a Dense Ensemble of Carbon-13
The nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond attracts a lot of attention in sensing
applications, mainly for temperature, magnetic field, and rotation
measurements. Nuclear spins of carbon-13 surrounding the nitrogen-vacancy
center can be used as a memory or sensing element. In the current work, a
diamond plate with a relatively large concentration of carbon-13 was
synthesized and examined. The spectrum of optically detected magnetic resonance
was recorded and analyzed in a magnetic field range of 5-200 G. A
strain-independent measurement technique of carbon-13 isotope concentration
based on the analysis of magnetic resonance spectra was developed.
Additionally, narrow features in the spectrum were detected and understood
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Carbon-Based Resistive Memories
Carbon-based nonvolatile resistive memories are an emerging technology. Switching endurance remains a challenge in carbon memories based on tetrahedral amorphous carbon (ta-C). One way to counter this is by oxygenation to increase the repeatability of reversible switching. Here, we overview the current status of carbon memories. We then present a comparative study of oxygen-free and oxygenated carbon-based memory devices, combining experiments and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations
Security Limitations of Classical-Client Delegated Quantum Computing
Secure delegated quantum computing allows a computationally weak client to
outsource an arbitrary quantum computation to an untrusted quantum server in a
privacy-preserving manner. One of the promising candidates to achieve classical
delegation of quantum computation is classical-client remote state preparation
(), where a client remotely prepares a quantum state using a
classical channel. However, the privacy loss incurred by employing
as a sub-module is unclear.
In this work, we investigate this question using the Constructive
Cryptography framework by Maurer and Renner (ICS'11). We first identify the
goal of as the construction of ideal RSP resources from classical
channels and then reveal the security limitations of using . First,
we uncover a fundamental relationship between constructing ideal RSP resources
(from classical channels) and the task of cloning quantum states. Any
classically constructed ideal RSP resource must leak to the server the full
classical description (possibly in an encoded form) of the generated quantum
state, even if we target computational security only. As a consequence, we find
that the realization of common RSP resources, without weakening their
guarantees drastically, is impossible due to the no-cloning theorem. Second,
the above result does not rule out that a specific protocol can
replace the quantum channel at least in some contexts, such as the Universal
Blind Quantum Computing (UBQC) protocol of Broadbent et al. (FOCS '09).
However, we show that the resulting UBQC protocol cannot maintain its proven
composable security as soon as is used as a subroutine. Third, we
show that replacing the quantum channel of the above UBQC protocol by the
protocol QFactory of Cojocaru et al. (Asiacrypt '19), preserves the
weaker, game-based, security of UBQC.Comment: 40 pages, 12 figure
Single hadron response measurement and calorimeter jet energy scale uncertainty with the ATLAS detector at the LHC
The uncertainty on the calorimeter energy response to jets of particles is
derived for the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). First, the
calorimeter response to single isolated charged hadrons is measured and
compared to the Monte Carlo simulation using proton-proton collisions at
centre-of-mass energies of sqrt(s) = 900 GeV and 7 TeV collected during 2009
and 2010. Then, using the decay of K_s and Lambda particles, the calorimeter
response to specific types of particles (positively and negatively charged
pions, protons, and anti-protons) is measured and compared to the Monte Carlo
predictions. Finally, the jet energy scale uncertainty is determined by
propagating the response uncertainty for single charged and neutral particles
to jets. The response uncertainty is 2-5% for central isolated hadrons and 1-3%
for the final calorimeter jet energy scale.Comment: 24 pages plus author list (36 pages total), 23 figures, 1 table,
submitted to European Physical Journal
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