Concursos públicos na área de Educação Física e a relação com o projeto pedagógico do curso de licenciatura em Educação Física da UFRGS

A formação em educação física baseia-se em conteúdos generalistas que preparam o aluno para o mercado de trabalho como escola, academias, clubes, entre outros locais. Uma das formas de se inserir no mercado de trabalho são os conhecidos concursos públicos. Dessa forma, entender a relação entre a construção curricular e as exigências específicas dos concursos públicos se torna necessário tanto para quem anseia uma vaga, quanto para quem constrói o currículo da universidade. Com isso, o objetivo deste estudo foi o de analisar as provas de concurso público para o cargo de Professor de Educação Física do estado do Rio Grande do Sul, analisando as questões específicas para o cargo, de forma a quantificar os conteúdos que mais aparecem nas provas para correlacionar com o currículo acadêmico da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), verificando se estes conteúdos estão em consonância com a forma com que o currículo da universidade fora construído. Para isto foram analisadas provas de 2010 até 2018 de concursos para prefeituras do Estado. Os resultados encontrados apontam que dentro do currículo acadêmico, 28,94% das disciplinas estão dentro do núcleo de Práticas Corporais Sistematizadas, seguido pelo núcleo de Exercício Físico e Saúde, 18,42%, e a seguir, o núcleo de Conhecimentos Biodinâmicos, com 15,78% de disciplinas. Já analisando as questões Específicas de concursos públicos para o cargo de Educador Físico, destaca-se que 30,49% das questões analisadas estão no núcleo de Pesquisa em Educação Física, seguido de 15,91% de questões do núcleo de Conhecimentos Biodinâmicos e em terceiro, Campo Profissional, com 11,43% das questões. O que demonstra uma disparidade entre o currículo de formação e as questões recorrentes em provas (percentualmente analisados).The training in physical education is based on the general contents that prepare the student for the labor market as school, academies, clubs, among other places. The ways of entering the labor market are the public contests. In this way, understanding the relationship between the construction of a curriculum and the specific needs of a public company becomes necessary for this to be a vacancy, as for the one who builds the curriculum of the university. With this objective, the load test was studied for the Physical Education teacher of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, analyzing the specific load issues, in order to quantify evidence to correlate with the academic curriculum of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, verifying if these are in consonance with the institution that constitutes the curriculum of the university. To take a positive balance of evidence from 2010 to 2018 of competitions for the prefectures of the State. The results show that within the academic curriculum, 28.94% of the disciplines are within the core of Systematized Body Practices, followed by the Physical Exercise and Health core, 18.42%, and then the core Biodynamic Knowledge, with 15.78% of subjects. Already analyzing the specific questions of public competitions for the position of Physical Educator, it is noteworthy that 30.49% of the analyzed questions are in the core of Research in Physical Education, followed by 15.91% of questions of the nucleus of Biodynamic Knowledge and in third, Professional Field, with 11.43% of the questions. This shows a disparity between the training curriculum and the recurrent questions in exams (percentage analyzed)

Projeto de Estímulo a Docência : Um estudo sobre a inclusão nas aulas de Educação Física

A inclusao está cada vez mais presente e vigente na sociedade e nao poderia ser diferente no que se refere à educaçao. Através do PIBID-PED, Subprojeto Educaçao Física (EF) da Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto (UFOP), Brasil, buscamos discutir questoes referentes às implicaçoes de se ter turmas mistas, com a presença de alunos com deficiência, bem como, as implicaçoes e possibilidades dentro da área do conhecimento da EF escolar. Objetiva-se neste trabalho, problematizar e discutir as questoes pedagógicas de inclusao dos alunos com deficiência nas aulas de EF Escolar. Para este estudo foram produzidos Diários de Campos, através da observaçao e intervençao de turmas de 1° ao 5° ano do ensino fundamental. Pode-se observar que EF auxilia o aluno com deficiência no que diz respeito a sua valorizaçao e integraçao no meio escolar. Existiram dificuldades a cerca do planejamento e intervençao e para solucionar tal impasse, passou-se a buscar estratégias e alternativas para dinamizar e qualificar as aulas e a partir daí pode-se observar o quanto a EF auxilia o aluno com deficiência no que diz respeito a sua valorizaçao e integraçao. Contudo, é necessário que se discuta e se crie iniciativas para que os alunos com deficiência possam, de fato, ser incluídos nas aulas e juntos superarem suas diferença

The Entrainment Frequency of Cardiolocomotor Synchronization in Long-Distance Race Emerges Spontaneously at the Step Frequency

In forced conditions, where the heart rate and step frequency have been matched, cardiolocomotor synchronization (CLS) has been recognized. However, knowledge about the occurrence of CLS and its triggers in sports gesture in real contexts is little known. To address this gap, the current study tested the hypothesis that CLS in running spontaneous conditions would emerge at entrainment bands of muscle activation frequencies associated with a freely chosen step frequency. Sixteen male long-distance runners undertook treadmill assessments running ten three-minute bouts at different speeds (7, 7.5, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 km c5h-1). Electrocardiography and surface electromyography were recorded simultaneously. The center frequency was the mean of the frequency spectrum obtained by wavelet decomposition, while CLS magnitude was determined by the wavelet coherence coefficient (WCC) between the electrocardiography and center frequency signals. The strength of CLS affected the entrainment frequencies between cardiac and muscle systems, and for WCC values greater than 0.8, the point from which we consider the emerging CLS, the entrainment frequency was between 2.7 and 2.8 Hz. The CLS emerged at faster speeds (13-15 km c5h-1) most prevalently but did not affect the muscle activation bands. Spontaneous CLS occurred at faster speeds predominantly, and the entrainment frequencies matched the locomotor task, with the entrainment bands of frequencies emerging around the step frequencies (2.7-2.8 Hz). These findings are compatible with the concept that interventions that determine optima conditions of CLS may potentiate the benefits of the cardiac and muscle systems synchronized in distance runners

Uso de geotecnologias na seleção de áreas propícias para implantação de aterro sanitário em Lavras-MG / Use of geotechnologies in the selection of suitable areas for implementation of landfill in Lavras-MG

Com o crescimento da geração de resíduos sólidos, a questão do lixo urbano se tornou um desafio ambiental que exige atenção e a busca de soluções viáveis. Com a proibição de lixões e aterros controlados, os aterros sanitários se tornaram a destinação final mais utilizada, devido às suas vantagens, como a retenção da emissão de gases de efeito estufa, a possibilidade de recuperação energética a partir do biogás, a retenção e encaminhamento do chorume para tratamento, a possibilidade de venda de créditos de carbono e a diminuição dos riscos à saúde pública. O aterro sanitário também possui desvantagens, como o alto valor de investimento para implantação e a necessidade de grandes espaços que atendam às normas técnicas e legislação, sendo esses cada vez mais difíceis de dispor. A utilização de geotecnologias em processos de licenciamento ambiental permite uma redução desses custos e  maior agilidade no processo. Através da coleta, processamento e análise de dados com  referências geográficas, é possível estudar o espaço e seus aspectos ambientais, podendo assim, a geotecnologia ser uma aliada no planejamento e gestão territorial de vários tipos de empreendimentos, dentre eles, o aterro sanitário. Este trabalho tem como objetivo utilizar ferramentas de geoprocessamento para a identificação de áreas aptas à construção de aterro sanitário no município de Lavras - MG. Para o cálculo da área mínima requerida pelo  empreendimento, foram feitas as estimativas de número de habitantes e de geração de resíduos  sólidos ao longo dos anos de funcionamento do aterro, utilizando dados censitários do IBGE e dados de geração de resíduos sólidos urbanos do município. No software QGIS, montou-se um banco de dados com imagens de satélite e camadas vetoriais geradas por órgãos públicos, e foram verificadas as restrições das áreas do município ao uso almejado de acordo com a DN COPAM 118/2008, a Resolução CONAMA 04/1995 e a NBR 13986. Para a identificação das regiões aptas para implantação do aterro sanitário, fez-se a sobreposição da área de estudo com  todas as camadas restritivas e a subtração das localidades sem restrição pelas variáveis analisadas. Os resultados permitiram verificar áreas potenciais para implantação do empreendimento. Apesar da pouca disponibilidade de áreas que atendem a todos os critérios avaliados, a metodologia se mostrou eficiente, atenuando a complexidade da seleção de áreas para a construção de aterros sanitários e outros tipos de empreendimentos

A total transcriptome profiling method for plasma-derived extracellular vesicles: applications for liquid biopsies

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are key mediators of intercellular communication. Part of their biological effects can be attributed to the transfer of cargos of diverse types of RNAs, which are promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. EVs found in human biofluids are a valuable source for the development of minimally invasive assays. However, the total transcriptional landscape of EVs is still largely unknown. Here we develop a new method for total transcriptome profiling of plasma-derived EVs by next generation sequencing (NGS) from limited quantities of patient-derived clinical samples, which enables the unbiased characterization of the complete RNA cargo, including both small- and long-RNAs, in a single library preparation step. This approach was applied to RNA extracted from EVs isolated by ultracentrifugation from the plasma of five healthy volunteers. Among the most abundant RNAs identified we found small RNAs such as tRNAs, miRNAs and miscellaneous RNAs, which have largely unknown functions. We also identified protein-coding and long noncoding transcripts, as well as circular RNA species that were also experimentally validated. This method enables, for the first time, the full spectrum of transcriptome data to be obtained from minute patient-derived samples, and will therefore potentially allow the identification of cell-to-cell communication mechanisms and biomarkers.Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP)Gillson-Longenbaugh FoundationNational Institutes of Health (NIH/NCATS) through the NIH Common Fund, Office of Strategic Coordination (OSC)AC Camargo Canc Ctr, Lab Med Genom, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilAC Camargo Canc Ctr, Lab Computat Biol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Sao Paulo, Inst Biomed Sci, Dept Cell & Dev Biol, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Electron Microscopy Ctr, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Expt Therapeut, Houston, TX 77030 USAUniv Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Ctr RNA Interference & Non Coding RNAs, Houston, TX 77030 USAUniv New Mexico, Comprehens Canc Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USAUniv New Mexico, Sch Med, Div Hematol Oncol, Dept Internal Med, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USAUniv New Mexico, Sch Med, Div Mol Med, Dept Internal Med, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USARockefeller Univ, Lab Mol Immunol, 1230 York Ave, New York, NY 10021 USAFMUSP, Lab Neurociencias Alzira Denise Hertzog Silva LIM, Inst Psiquiatria, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Electron Microscopy Ctr, Sao Paulo, SP, BrazilFAPESP: 2011/09172-3FAPESP: 2014/26897-0Web of Scienc

Modelling 5-km Running Performance on Level and Hilly Terrains in Recreational Runners

[EN] Incline and level running on treadmills have been extensively studied due to their different cardiorespiratory and biomechanical acute responses. However, there are no studies examining the performance determinants of outdoor running on hilly terrains. We aimed to investigate the influence of anthropometrics, muscle strength, and cardiorespiratory and gait spatiotemporal parameters during level (0%) and inclined (+7%) running on performance in level and hilly 5-km races. Twenty male recreational runners completed two 5-km outdoor running tests (0% vs. +7% and −7%), and two submaximal (10 km·h−1) and incremental treadmill tests at 0 and 7% slopes, after complete laboratory evaluations. The velocity at maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) evaluated at 7% incline and level treadmill running were the best performance predictors under both hilly (R2 = 0.72; p < 0.05 ) and level (R2 = 0.85; p < 0.01) conditions, respectively. Inclusion of ventilatory and submaximal heart rate data improved the predictive models up to 100%. Conversely, none of the parameters evaluated in one condition contributed to the other condition. The spatiotemporal parameters and the runners’ strength levels were not associated to outdoor performances. These results indicate that the vVO2max evaluated at similar slopes in the lab can be used to predict 5-km running performances on both level and hilly terrains

Modelling 5-km running performance on level and hilly terrains in recreational runners

Incline and level running on treadmills have been extensively studied due to their different cardiorespiratory and biomechanical acute responses. However, there are no studies examining the performance determinants of outdoor running on hilly terrains. We aimed to investigate the influence of anthropometrics, muscle strength, and cardiorespiratory and gait spatiotemporal parameters during level (0%) and inclined (+7%) running on performance in level and hilly 5-km races. Twenty male recreational runners completed two 5-km outdoor running tests (0% vs. +7% and −7%), and two submaximal (10 km·h −1 ) and incremental treadmill tests at 0 and 7% slopes, after complete laboratory evaluations. The velocity at maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) evaluated at 7% incline and level treadmill running were the best performance predictors under both hilly (R2 = 0.72; p < 0.05) and level (R2 = 0.85; p < 0.01) conditions, respectively. Inclusion of ventilatory and submaximal heart rate data improved the predictive models up to 100%. Conversely, none of the parameters evaluated in one condition contributed to the other condition. The spatiotemporal parameters and the runners’ strength levels were not associated to outdoor performances. These results indicate that the vVO2max evaluated at similar slopes in the lab can be used to predict 5-km running performances on both level and hilly terrains

Genomics and epidemiology for gastric adenocarcinomas (GE4GAC): a Brazilian initiative to study gastric cancer

Abstract Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common type of cancer worldwide with high incidences in Asia, Central, and South American countries. This patchy distribution means that GC studies are neglected by large research centers from developed countries. The need for further understanding of this complex disease, including the local importance of epidemiological factors and the rich ancestral admixture found in Brazil, stimulated the implementation of the GE4GAC project. GE4GAC aims to embrace epidemiological, clinical, molecular and microbiological data from Brazilian controls and patients with malignant and pre-malignant gastric disease. In this letter, we summarize the main goals of the project, including subject and sample accrual and current findings

Desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor na infância e eventos obstétricos

Objective: Investigate and analyze the relationship between obstetric events and neuropsychomotor development in children aged 0 to 12 years. The research aims to contribute to understanding the impacts of these events on child development, providing insights that can guide obstetric practices, early interventions, and strategies for promoting health in childhood.Introduction: Contextualization and relevance of the study, addressing the importance of understanding the influence of obstetric events on neuropsychomotor child development. The need to explore this relationship is emphasized to inform obstetric practices and intervention strategies that promote healthy development in childhood. Methodology: Searches were conducted in the PubMed, Scielo, and Latindex databases using terms related to neuropsychomotor development and obstetric events. The DeCS terms used included "Neurology," "Growth and Development," "Child Development," "Obstetric Delivery," "Child Psychiatry," and "Adverse Birth Outcomes," combined with boolean operators AND and OR. Conclusion: The conclusion highlights the relationship between obstetric events and neuropsychomotor development. Understanding risk factors guides prevention and personalized interventions, addressing neonatal vulnerability. Evaluation and diagnosis are vital for adapted support, and therapeutic interventions drive progress. Emphasis on prevention, family support, research, and advocacy is crucial for inclusive environments and healthy development.Objetivo: Investigar e analisar a relação entre eventos obstétricos e o desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor em crianças de 0 a 12 anos. A pesquisa visa contribuir para a compreensão dos impactos desses eventos no desenvolvimento infantil, fornecendo insights que possam orientar práticas obstétricas, intervenções precoces e estratégias de promoção da saúde na infância. Introdução: Contextualização e relevância do estudo, abordando a importância de compreender a influência dos eventos obstétricos no desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor infantil. Destaca-se a necessidade de explorar essa relação para informar práticas obstétricas e estratégias de intervenção que promovam um desenvolvimento saudável na infância. Metodologia: Foram conduzidas buscas nas bases de dados PubMed, Scielo e Latindex usando termos relacionados ao desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor e eventos obstétricos. Os DeCs utilizados incluíram "Neurologia", "Crescimento e Desenvolvimento", "Desenvolvimento Infantil", "Parto Obstétrico", "Psiquiatria Infantil" e "Desfechos Adversos do Nascimento", combinados por operadores booleanos AND e OR. Conclusão: A conclusão destaca a relação entre eventos obstétricos e desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor. Entender fatores de risco guia prevenção e intervenções personalizadas, atendendo à vulnerabilidade neonatal. Avaliação e diagnóstico são vitais para suporte adaptado, e intervenções terapêuticas impulsionam o progresso. A ênfase em prevenção, suporte familiar, pesquisa e advocacia é crucial para ambientes inclusivos e o desenvolvimento saudável

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries