The ocean sampling day consortium

Ocean Sampling Day was initiated by the EU-funded Micro B3 (Marine Microbial Biodiversity, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology) project to obtain a snapshot of the marine microbial biodiversity and function of the world’s oceans. It is a simultaneous global mega-sequencing campaign aiming to generate the largest standardized microbial data set in a single day. This will be achievable only through the coordinated efforts of an Ocean Sampling Day Consortium, supportive partnerships and networks between sites. This commentary outlines the establishment, function and aims of the Consortium and describes our vision for a sustainable study of marine microbial communities and their embedded functional traits

The Ocean Sampling Day Consortium

Ocean Sampling Day was initiated by the EU-funded Micro B3 (Marine Microbial Biodiversity, Bioinformatics, Biotechnology) project to obtain a snapshot of the marine microbial biodiversity and function of the world’s oceans. It is a simultaneous global mega-sequencing campaign aiming to generate the largest standardized microbial data set in a single day. This will be achievable only through the coordinated efforts of an Ocean Sampling Day Consortium, supportive partnerships and networks between sites. This commentary outlines the establishment, function and aims of the Consortium and describes our vision for a sustainable study of marine microbial communities and their embedded functional traits

An examination of exercise mode on ventilatory patterns during incremental exercise

Both cycle ergometry and treadmill exercise are commonly employed to examine the cardiopulmonary system under conditions of precisely controlled metabolic stress. Although both forms of exercise are effective in elucidating a maximal stress response, it is unclear whether breathing strategies or ventilator efficiency differences exist between exercise modes. The present study examines breathing strategies, ventilatory efficiency and ventilatory capacity during both incremental cycling and treadmill exercise to volitional exhaustion. Subjects (n = 9) underwent standard spirometric assessment followed by maximal cardiopulmonary exercise testing utilising cycle ergometry and treadmill exercise using a randomised cross-over design. Respiratory gases and volumes were recorded continuously using an online gas analysis system. Cycling exercise utilised a greater portion of ventilatory capacity and higher tidal volume at comparable levels of ventilation. In addition, there was an increased mean inspiratory flow rate at all levels of ventilation during cycle exercise, in the absence of any difference in inspiratory timing. Exercising [Formula: see text] slope and the lowest [Formula: see text] value, was lower during cycling exercise than during the treadmill protocol indicating greater ventilatory efficiency. The present study identifies differing breathing strategies employed during cycling and treadmill exercise in young, trained individuals. Exercise mode should be accounted for when assessing breathing patterns and/or ventilatory efficiency during incremental exercise