The Case of the National Economic and Development Authority

학위논문 (석사) -- 서울대학교 대학원 : 행정대학원 글로벌행정전공, 2020. 8. 권일웅.Given that there are several attributes relating to the goal setting and planning process, the researcher identified a need to investigate the relationship of these attributes to organizational performance and understand which among these can influence organizational performance better. The study also tried to assess if the performance management system is working as an effective tool in facilitating strategic alignment of goals within the organization and in improving organizational performance. The study found that the use of goal setting in performance appraisal, organizational facilitation of goal achievement, and goal clarity have relatively high association with organizational performance. Further, it was also revealed that goal stress has a positive relationship with organizational performance. Additional findings suggested that depending on the measure of organizational performance, different combinations of goal setting and planning attributes exist.목표 설정과 계획수립 과정에 관련된 여러 특성을 고려하면 본 연구자는 이러한 특성들의 관계를 조사하고 이러한 특성들 중 어떤 것이 더 나은 조직 성과에 영향을 미칠 수 있는지를 이해해야 할 필요성을 확인했다. 또한 성과 관리 시스템이 조직 내 목표의 전략적 일관성을 촉진하고 조직 성과를 개선하는데 효과적인 수단으로서 작용하는지 평가하려고 시도하였다. 본 연구는 성과 평가에서 목표 설정의 이용, 목표 달성의 조직적 촉진, 그리고 목표 명료성은 조직 성과와 상대적으로 높은 연관성을 가지고 있다는 것을 발견 하였다. 게다가 또한 목표 스트레스는 조직 성과와 긍정적 관계가 있다는 것을 나타내었다. 추가적 연구 결과는 조직적 성과의 평가에 따라 목표 설정과 계획 속성의 다른 조합들이 존재하는 것을 제안한다.Chapter I: Introduction 1 Chapter II: Literature Review and Hypotheses 4 Organizational Performance 4 Goal Setting and Planning and Organizational Performance 7 1 Supervisor Support and Organizational Performance 12 2 Goal Stress and Organizational Performance 13 3 Goal Efficacy and Organizational Performance 15 4 Goal Rationale and Organizational Performance 17 5 Use of Goal Setting in Performance Appraisals and Organizational Performance 18 6 Tangible Rewards and Organizational Performance 19 7 Goal Conflict and Organizational Performance 21 8 Organizational Facilitation of Goal Achievement and Organizational Performance 22 9 Dysfunctional Effect of Goals and Organizational Performance 25 10 Goal Clarity and Organizational Performance 26 Quality Performance Management System28 Research Model 31 Chapter III: Methodology 33 Sample Selection 33 Data Collection Procedure 38 Measures 39 Data Analysis 43 Chapter IV: Results 45 Summary Statistics 45 Correlation Matrix 49 Regression Analysis 51 Chapter V: Discussion 60 Practical Implications 69 Summary and Conclusion 71 Limitations and Recommendations for Future Research 74 References 76 Annex (Survey Questionnaire) 85 Abstract in Korean 89Maste

Likelihood Estimation Of Passing The Licensure Examination For Teachers (Let) Using Multivariate Method

The main objective of the research was to determine the main components where BS Secondary Education Graduates (BSEG) should focus on their undergraduate academic subjects in preparation for the LET. The researchers used the Logistic Regression (LR) procedure in STATA using the grades of the 138 BSEG from 2010-2014. The dependent variable represents the result whether or not the BSEG has passed the LET. Five predictors were used; three were continuous and were transformed to be normally distributed. This was done so as to yield meaningful interpretations after the method. The transformed variables were the average grades in (1) basic non-mathematics subjects, (2) basic math subjects, and (3) Professional Education subjects. The other two were indicators of (4) the gender of the BSEG as well as (5) their majors, where math is in focus. The results showed that of the five predictors, only the education subjects and gender were significant. The outcome was then used to build an LR Model. It also implies that the education subjects, being a component in LET, must be given greater essence by the Teacher Education Institution, other stakeholders, and ultimately, future LET takers in order to have a better chance of becoming professional teachers especially on the first take. This paper can serve as a guide in remodeling curricula as well since notably, while the General Education Subjects provide aspiring teachers more knowledge in other fields, it is not tantamount to gaining higher probability of passing the professionalization

Coadministration of Adenoviral Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Angiopoietin-1 Enhances Vascularization and Reduces Ventricular Remodeling in the Infarcted Myocardium of Type 1 Diabetic Rats

OBJECTIVE - Hyperglycemia impairs angiogenesis in response to ischemia, leading to ventricular remodeling. Although the effects of overexpressing angiogenic growth factors have been studied in inducing angiogenesis, the formation of functional vessels remains a challenge. The present study evaluates the reversal of diabetes-mediated impairment of angiogenesis in the infarcted diabetic rat myocardium by proangiogenic gene therapy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - Ad.VEGF and Ad.Ang1 were intramyocardially administered in combination immediately after myocardial infarction to nondiabetic and diabetic rats. Ad.LacZ was similarly administered to the respective control groups. The hearts were excised for molecular and immunohistochemical analysis at predetermined time points. The myocardial function was measured by echocardiography 30 days after the intervention. RESULTS - We observed reduced fibrosis and increased capillary/arteriolar density along with reduced ventricular remodeling, as assessed by echocardiography in the treated diabetic animals compared with the nontreated diabetic controls. We also observed increased phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase-activated protein kinase-2, 2 days after the treatment and increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Flk-1, angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), Tie-2, and survivin, 4 days after treatment in the diabetic animals. Gel shift analysis revealed that the combination gene therapy stimulated the DNA binding activity of nuclear factor-κB in the diabetic animals. CONCLUSIONS - Our preclinical data demonstrate the efficacy of coadministration of adenoviral VEGF and Ang-1 in increasing angiogenesis and reducing ventricular remodeling in the infarcted diabetic myocardium. These unique results call for the initiation of a clinical trial to assess the efficacy of this therapeutic strategy in the treatment of diabetes-related human heart failure

Positional identification of variants of Adamts16 linked to inherited hypertension

A previously reported blood pressure (BP) quantitative trait locus on rat Chromosome 1 was isolated in a short congenic segment spanning 804.6 kb. The 804.6 kb region contained only two genes, LOC306664 and LOC306665. LOC306664 is predicted to translate into A Disintegrin-like and Metalloproteinase with Thrombospondin Motifs-16 (Adamts16). LOC306665 is a novel gene. All predicted exons of both LOC306664 and LOC306665 were sequenced. Non-synonymous variants were identified in only one of these genes, LOC306664. These variants were naturally existing polymorphisms among inbred, outbred and wild rats. The full-length rat transcript of Adamts16 was detected in multiple tissues. Similar to ADAMTS16 in humans, expression of Adamts16 was prominent in the kidney. Renal transcriptome analysis suggested that a network of genes related to BP was differential between congenic and S rats. These genes were also differentially expressed between kidney cell lines with or without knock-down of Adamts16. Adamts16 is conserved between rats and humans. It is a candidate gene within the homologous region on human Chromosome 5, which is linked to systolic and diastolic BP in the Quebec Family Study. Multiple variants, including an Ala to Pro variant in codon 90 (rs2086310) of human ADAMTS16, were associated with human resting systolic BP (SBP). Replication study in GenNet confirmed the association of two variants of ADAMTS16 with SBP, including rs2086310. Overall, our report represents a high resolution positional cloning and translational study for Adamts16 as a candidate gene controlling BP

3′,4′-Dihydroxyflavonol Antioxidant Attenuates Diastolic Dysfunction and Cardiac Remodeling in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic m(Ren2)27 Rats

Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is an increasingly recognized cause of chronic heart failure amongst diabetic patients. Both increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and impaired ROS scavenging have been implicated in the pathogenesis of hyperglycemia-induced left ventricular dysfunction, cardiac fibrosis, apoptosis and hypertrophy. We hypothesized that 3',4'-dihydroxyflavonol (DiOHF), a small highly lipid soluble synthetic flavonol, may prevent DCM by scavenging ROS, thus preventing ROS-induced cardiac damage.Six week old homozygous Ren-2 rats were randomized to receive either streptozotocin or citrate buffer, then further randomized to receive either DiOHF (1 mg/kg/day) by oral gavage or vehicle for six weeks. Cardiac function was assessed via echocardiography and left ventricular cardiac catheterization before the animals were sacrificed and hearts removed for histological and molecular analyses. Diabetic Ren-2 rats showed evidence of diastolic dysfunction with prolonged deceleration time, reduced E/A ratio, and increased slope of end-diastolic pressure volume relationship (EDPVR) in association with marked interstitial fibrosis and oxidative stress (all P<0.05 vs control Ren-2). Treatment with DiOHF prevented the development of diastolic dysfunction and was associated with reduced oxidative stress and interstitial fibrosis (all P<0.05 vs untreated diabetic Ren-2 rats). In contrast, few changes were seen in non-diabetic treated animals compared to untreated counterparts.Inhibition of ROS production and action by DiOHF improved diastolic function and reduced myocyte hypertrophy as well as collagen deposition. These findings suggest the potential clinical utility of antioxidative compounds such as flavonols in the prevention of diabetes-associated cardiac dysfunction

Electroanalytical overview: The electroanalytical detection of theophylline

In this overview, we explore the electroanalytical determination of theophylline. Theophylline finds use as a bronchodilator for treating diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). There is a need to measure the concentration of theophylline in pharmaceuticals for QA/QC purposes as well as in plasma samples to ensure the doses of theophylline are at the correct therapeutic levels. If the concentration levels of theophylline deviate from the therapeutic levels (10–20 µg/mL for asthma), then patients can experience adverse effects. As such, there is a desire to progress from traditional laboratory based techniques to portable rapid testing. In this overview, we review the endeavours directed to the development of theophylline electroanalytical sensors, noting current and future trends

Platelets and thrombogenesis--Current concepts

Anticoagulants, although effective in the treatment of venous thrombotic disease, have not been generally helpful in preventing arterial thrombosis. The reason for this disparity may lie in the type of clot formed in each case. In veins a "red thrombus" is formed, consisting of erythrocytes, leukocytes, fibrin, and platelets randomly distributed, whereas in arteries a "white thrombus" consisting mainly of platelets and fibrin strands is the obstructing lesion1. The predominance of platelets in this "white" clot has focused attention on their importance in arterial occlusion and has suggested that therapeutic maneuvers directed at platelet function may be more useful than standard anticoagulant therapy. This review presents the recent advances in the study of platelet morphology and function, and concludes by discussing possible therapeutic avenues.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/34128/1/0000412.pd

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