Important Considerations for Human Activity Recognition Using Sensor Data

Automated human activity recognition has received much attention in recent years due to increasing focus on interconnected devices in The Internet of Things (IoT) and the miniaturization and proliferation of sensor systems with the adoption of smartphones. In this work, we focus on the current status of human activity recognition across multiple studies, including methodology, accuracy of results, and current challenges to implementation. We include some preliminary work we have completed on a sensor system for classifying treadmill usage

Real Time Activity Recognition of Treadmill Usage via Machine Learning

Our objective is to provide real-time classification of treadmill usage patterns based on accelerometer and magnetometer measurements. We collected data from treadmills in the Rose-Hulman Student Recreation Center (SRC) using Shimmer3 sensor units. We identified useful data features and classifiers for predicting treadmill usage patterns. We also prototyped a proof of concept wireless, real-time classification system

Direct Evidence for Octupole Deformation in 146^{146}Ba and the Origin of Large E1E1 Moment Variations in Reflection-Asymmetric Nuclei

Despite the more than one order of magnitude difference between the measured dipole moments in $^{144}$Ba and $^{146}$Ba, the strength of the octupole correlations in $^{146}$Ba are found to be as strong as those in $^{144}$Ba with a similarly large value of $B(E3;3^- \rightarrow 0^+)$ determined as 48($^{+21}_{-29}$) W.u. The new results not only establish unambiguously the presence of a region of octupole deformation centered on these neutron-rich Ba isotopes, but also manifest the dependence of the electric dipole moments on the occupancy of different neutron orbitals in nuclei with enhanced octupole strength, as revealed by fully microscopic calculations.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Let

The genetic architecture of the human cerebral cortex

The cerebral cortex underlies our complex cognitive capabilities, yet little is known about the specific genetic loci that influence human cortical structure. To identify genetic variants that affect cortical structure, we conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of brain magnetic resonance imaging data from 51,665 individuals. We analyzed the surface area and average thickness of the whole cortex and 34 regions with known functional specializations. We identified 199 significant loci and found significant enrichment for loci influencing total surface area within regulatory elements that are active during prenatal cortical development, supporting the radial unit hypothesis. Loci that affect regional surface area cluster near genes in Wnt signaling pathways, which influence progenitor expansion and areal identity. Variation in cortical structure is genetically correlated with cognitive function, Parkinson's disease, insomnia, depression, neuroticism, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Development of stuttering following a sport related concussion in an 18 year-old football athlete: A case study

Background: An 18-year-old collegiate offensive lineman was participating in individual drills at practice when another lineman was thrown into him, initiating a low-intensity helmet-to-helmet impact. After practice, concussion-like symptoms including headache, nausea, sensitivity to light and dizziness developed. As symptoms progressed in a short time, his speech fluency began to deteriorate. Within an hour after head impact, the dysfluency evolved into a neurogenic stutter with the inability to produce full sentences. The patient reported a similar instance while playing football 4 years prior, where the stutter lasted 3 days. The patient reported a history of ADD/ADHD; however, there was no history of mental health disorders. A SCAT5 and cranial nerve assessment was performed by an athletic trainer resulting in an initial diagnosis of a sport related concussion (SRC). Differential Diagnosis: Potential differential diagnosis includes sport related concussion, cranial hemorrhage, and anxiety/psychological episode. Treatment: The patient was referred to a neurologist/concussion specialist for further evaluation. Upon evaluation, the physician confirmed the diagnosis of a SRC and placed the patient in the return to play protocol per the AT staff. The athlete was referred to a speech and language pathologist (SLP) for management of his stutter. The pathologist addressed psychological and neurocognitive therapy for the stutter management. The goal was to reduce anxiety from the stutter and challenge neurocognitive functions through various assessments to properly retrain the brain. These assessments heavily focused on verbal working memory and retention and recognition memory. Word fluency and motor coordination was addressed in early sessions. The AT staff managed the graduated return-to-sport concussion protocol. At six weeks, the patient was re-evaluated by the physician where it was determined that he was continuing to improve and his stutter had resolved. Although the athlete was still managing chronic headaches and light sensitivity, the stuttering had resolved, concluding the case. Uniqueness: Based upon recent infodemiological studies, few unique cases of new-onset stuttering following sport related concussions have been reported. Although there is no known research comparing the relationship of ADHD and neurogenic stuttering, similarities have been identified in the hypothesized pathophysiology of the two disorders. Interprofessional teams consisting of ATs, SLPs and physicians are recommended for concussion management. These teams use a variety of tools for neurocognitive rehabilitation and assessment to identify areas of vulnerability from a SRC. This consists of established tests that focus on areas such as verbal working memory, retention and recognition memory, visual scanning, cognitive speed, mental flexibility, and even word fluency and retrieval. These programs help rehabilitate patients in an efficient and holistic fashion that return them back to the playing field in a timely manner. Conclusions: It is necessary for athletic trainers to know, understand and recognize the possibilities of the development of severe symptoms like neurogenic stuttering in post-concussive patients. Although healthcare providers cannot prevent these complications, they can be properly and effectively managed through a comprehensive treatment and rehabilitation plan. Return to play, academics and life following SRCs should be equal priorities when managing both neurobehavioral and neurocognitive symptoms

Ruminal Degradable Sulfur and Hydrogen Sulfide in Cattle Finishing Diets

The relationship between ruminal degradable sulfur intake (RDSI) and ruminal hydrogen sulfide concentration ([H2S]) as well as ruminal parameters were evaluated. Steers were fed diets containing organic, inorganic, and wet distiller grains with solubles (WDGS) sources of sulfur, as well as a control diet. A laboratory procedure was developedto measure RDS of ingredients. RDSI explained 65% of [H2S] variation, whereas total sulfur intake and ruminal pH, individually, explained 29 and 12%, respectively. Availability of sulfur for ruminal reduction is more important than total sulfur in the diet

Evaluation of Methods for Dry Matter Determination of Ethanol Byproducts

Traditional wet distillers grains plus solubles, modified distillers grains, Dakota Bran Cake, and distillers solubles were sampled and replicates tested using oven drying (n = 8) at 105°C and 60°C, vacuum oven drying (n = 3) and toluene distillation process (n = 8). Two replicates were evaluated using Karl Fischer titration. Oven drying was compared to toluene distillation as the standard. Oven drying at 60°C for 24 hours resulted in the same DM (P \u3e 0.10) as toluene distillation for wet byproducts

Prolonged morphological expansion of spiny-rayed fishes following the end-Cretaceous

Spiny-rayed fishes (Acanthomorpha) dominate modern marine habitats and account for more than a quarter of all living vertebrate species. Previous time-calibrated phylogenies and patterns from the fossil record explain this dominance by correlating the origin of major acanthomorph lineages with the Cretaceous–Palaeogene mass extinction. Here we infer a time-calibrated phylogeny using ultraconserved elements that samples 91.4% of all acanthomorph families and investigate patterns of body shape disparity. Our results show that acanthomorph lineages steadily accumulated throughout the Cenozoic and underwent a significant expansion of among-clade morphological disparity several million years after the end-Cretaceous. These acanthomorph lineages radiated into and diversified within distinct regions of morphospace that characterize iconic lineages, including fast-swimming open-ocean predators, laterally compressed reef fishes, bottom-dwelling flatfishes, seahorses and pufferfishes. The evolutionary success of spiny-rayed fishes is the culmination of multiple species-rich and phenotypically disparate lineages independently diversifying across the globe under a wide range of ecological conditions