Measurements of branching fraction ratios and CP-asymmetries in suppressed B^- -> D(-> K^+ pi^-)K^- and B^- -> D(-> K^+ pi^-)pi^- decays

We report the first reconstruction in hadron collisions of the suppressed decays B^- -> D(-> K^+ pi^-)K^- and B^- -> D(-> K^+ pi^-)pi^-, sensitive to the CKM phase gamma, using data from 7 fb^-1 of integrated luminosity collected by the CDF II detector at the Tevatron collider. We reconstruct a signal for the B^- -> D(-> K^+ pi^-)K^- suppressed mode with a significance of 3.2 standard deviations, and measure the ratios of the suppressed to favored branching fractions R(K) = [22.0 \pm 8.6(stat)\pm 2.6(syst)]\times 10^-3, R^+(K) = [42.6\pm 13.7(stat)\pm 2.8(syst)]\times 10^-3, R^-(K)= [3.8\pm 10.3(stat)\pm 2.7(syst]\times 10^-3, as well as the direct CP-violating asymmetry A(K) = -0.82\pm 0.44(stat)\pm 0.09(syst) of this mode. Corresponding quantities for B^- -> D(-> K^+ pi^-)pi^- decay are also reported.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figure, accepted by Phys.Rev.D Rapid Communications for Publicatio

Observation of the Baryonic Flavor-Changing Neutral Current Decay Lambda_b -> Lambda mu+ mu-

We report the first observation of the baryonic flavor-changing neutral current decay Lambda_b -> Lambda mu+ mu- with 24 signal events and a statistical significance of 5.8 Gaussian standard deviations. This measurement uses ppbar collisions data sample corresponding to 6.8fb-1 at sqrt{s}=1.96TeV collected by the CDF II detector at the Tevatron collider. The total and differential branching ratios for Lambda_b -> Lambda mu+ mu- are measured. We find B(Lambda_b -> Lambda mu+ mu-) = [1.73+-0.42(stat)+-0.55(syst)] x 10^{-6}. We also report the first measurement of the differential branching ratio of B_s -> phi mu+ mu- using 49 signal events. In addition, we report branching ratios for B+ -> K+ mu+ mu-, B0 -> K0 mu+ mu-, and B -> K*(892) mu+ mu- decays.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, 4 tables. Submitted to Phys. Rev. Let

Loss of chromosome Y leads to down regulation of KDM5D and KDM6C epigenetic modifiers in clear cell renal cell carcinoma

Recent genomic studies of sporadic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) have uncovered novel driver genes and pathways. Given the unequal incidence rates among men and women (male:female incidence ratio approaches 2:1), we compared the genome-wide distribution of the chromosomal abnormalities in both sexes. We observed a higher frequency for the somatic recurrent chromosomal copy number variations (CNVs) of autosomes in male subjects, whereas somatic loss of chromosome X was detected exclusively in female patients (17.1%). Furthermore, somatic loss of chromosome Y (LOY) was detected in about 40% of male subjects, while mosaic LOY was detected in DNA isolated from peripheral blood in 9.6% of them, and was the only recurrent CNV in constitutional DNA samples. LOY in constitutional DNA, but not in tumor DNA was associated with older age. Amongst Y-linked genes that were downregulated due to LOY, KDM5D and KDM6C epigenetic modifiers have functionally-similar X-linked homologs whose deficiency is involved in ccRCC progression. Our findings establish somatic LOY as a highly recurrent genetic defect in ccRCC that leads to downregulation of hitherto unsuspected epigenetic factors, and suggest that different mechanisms may underlie the somatic and mosaic LOY observed in tumors and peripheral blood, respectively

Evidence for a mass dependent forward-backward asymmetry in top quark pair production

Aaltonen, T., Álvarez González, B., Amerio, S., Amidei, D., Anastassov, A., Annovi, A., Antos, J., Apollinari, G., Appel, J.A., Apresyan, A., Arisawa, T., Artikov, A., Asaadi, J., Ashmanskas, W., Auerbach, B., Aurisano, A., Azfar, F., Badgett, W., Barbaro-Galtieri, A., Barnes, V.E., Barnett, B.A., Barria, P., Bartos, P., Bauce, M., Bauer, G., Bedeschi, F., Beecher, D., Behari, S., Bellettini, G., Bellinger, J., Benjamin, D., Beretvas, A., Bhatti, A., Binkley, M., Bisello, D., Bizjak, I., Bland, K.R., Blumenfeld, B., Bocci, A., Bodek, A., Bortoletto, D., Boudreau, J., Boveia, A., Brau, B., Brigliadori, L., Brisuda, A., Bromberg, C., Brucken, E., Bucciantonio, M., Budagov, J., Budd, H.S., Budd, S., Burkett, K., Busetto, G., Bussey, P., Buzatu, A., Calancha, C., Camarda, S., Campanelli, M., Campbell, M., Canelli, F., Canepa, A., Carls, B., Carlsmith, D., Carosi, R., Carrillo, S., Carron, S., Casal, B., Casarsa, M., Castro, A., Catastini, P., Cauz, D., Cavaliere, V., Cavalli-Sforza, M., Cerri, A., Cerrito, L., Chen, Y.C., Chertok, M., Chiarelli, G., Chlachidze, G., Chlebana, F., Cho, K., Chokheli, D., Chou, J.P., Chung, W.H., Chung, Y.S., Ciobanu, C.I., Ciocci, M.A., Clark, A., Compostella, G., Convery, M.E., Conway, J., Corbo, M., Cordelli, M., Cox, C.A., Cox, D.J., Crescioli, F., Cuenca Almenar, C., Cuevas, J., Culbertson, R., Dagenhart, D., D'Ascenzo, N., Datta, M., De Barbaro, P., De Cecco, S., De Lorenzo, G., Dell'Orso, M., Deluca, C., Demortier, L., Deng, J., Deninno, M., Devoto, F., D'Errico, M., Di Canto, A., Di Ruzza, B., Dittmann, J.R., D'Onofrio, M., Donati, S., Dong, P., Dorigo, M., Dorigo, T., Ebina, K., Elagin, A., Eppig, A., Erbacher, R., Errede, D., Errede, S., Ershaidat, N., Eusebi, R., Fang, H.C., Farrington, S., Feindt, M., Fernandez, J.P., Ferrazza, C., Field, R., Flanagan, G., Forrest, R., Frank, M.J., Franklin, M., Freeman, J.C., Funakoshi, Y., Furic, I., Gallinaro, M., Galyardt, J., Garcia, J.E., Garfinkel, A.F., Garosi, P., Gerberich, H., Gerchtein, E., Giagu, S., Giakoumopoulou, V., Giannetti, P., Gibson, K., Ginsburg, C.M., Giokaris, N., Giromini, P., Giunta, M., Giurgiu, G., Glagolev, V., Glenzinski, D., Gold, M., Goldin, D., Goldschmidt, N., Golossanov, A., Gomez, G., Gomez-Ceballos, G., Goncharov, M., González, O., Gorelov, I., Goshaw, A.T., Goulianos, K., Gresele, A., Grinstein, S., Grosso-Pilcher, C., Group, R.C., Guimaraes Da Costa, J., Gunay-Unalan, Z., Haber, C., Hahn, S.R., Halkiadakis, E., Hamaguchi, A., Han, J.Y., Happacher, F., Hara, K., Hare, D., Hare, M., Harr, R.F., Hatakeyama, K., Hays, C., Heck, M., Heinrich, J., Herndon, M., Hewamanage, S., Hidas, D., Hocker, A., Hopkins, W., Horn, D., Hou, S., Hughes, R.E., Hurwitz, M., Husemann, U., Hussain, N., Hussein, M., Huston, J., Introzzi, G., Iori, M., Ivanov, A., James, E., Jang, D., Jayatilaka, B., Jeon, E.J., Jha, M.K., Jindariani, S., Johnson, W., Jones, M., Joo, K.K., Jun, S.Y., Junk, T.R., Kamon, T., Karchin, P.E., Kato, Y., Ketchum, W., Keung, J., Khotilovich, V., Kilminster, B., Kim, D.H., Kim, H.S., Kim, H.W., Kim, J.E., Kim, M.J., Kim, S.B., Kim, S.H., Kim, Y.K., Kimura, N., Kirby, M., Klimenko, S., Kondo, K., Kong, D.J., Konigsberg, J., Kotwal, A.V., Kreps, M., Kroll, J., Krop, D., Krumnack, N., Kruse, M., Krutelyov, V., Kuhr, T., Kurata, M., Kwang, S., Laasanen, A.T., Lami, S., Lammel, S., Lancaster, M., Lander, R.L., Lannon, K., Lath, A., Latino, G., Lazzizzera, I., Lecompte, T., Lee, E., Lee, H.S., Lee, J.S., Lee, S.W., Leo, S., Leone, S., Lewis, J.D., Lin, C.-J., Linacre, J., Lindgren, M., Lipeles, E., Lister, A., Litvintsev, D.O., Liu, C., Liu, Q., Liu, T., Lockwitz, S., Lockyer, N.S., Loginov, A., Lucchesi, D., Lueck, J., Lujan, P., Lukens, P., Lungu, G., Lys, J., Lysak, R., Madrak, R., Maeshima, K., Makhoul, K., Maksimovic, P., Malik, S., Manca, G., Manousakis-Katsikakis, A., Margaroli, F., Marino, C., Martínez, M., Martínez-Ballarín, R., Mastrandrea, P., Mathis, M., Mattson, M.E., Mazzanti, P., McFarland, K.S., 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Prognosis of Primary Papillary Ta Grade 3 Bladder Cancer in the Non-muscle-invasive Spectrum

Ta grade 3 (G3) non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is a relatively rare diagnosis with an ambiguous character owing to the presence of an aggressive G3 component together with the lower malignant potential of the Ta component. The European Association of Urology (EAU) NMIBC guidelines recently changed the risk stratification for Ta G3 from high risk to intermediate, high, or very high risk. However, prognostic studies on Ta G3 carcinomas are limited and inconclusive. To evaluate the prognostic value of categorizing Ta G3 compared to Ta G2 and T1 G3 carcinomas. Individual patient data for 5170 primary Ta-T1 bladder tumors from 17 hospitals were analyzed. Transurethral resection of the tumor was performed between 1990 and 2018. Time to recurrence and time to progression were analyzed using cumulative incidence functions, log-rank tests, and multivariable Cox-regression models with interaction terms stratified by institution. Ta G3 represented 7.5% (387/5170) of Ta-T1 carcinomas of which 42% were classified as intermediate risk. Time to recurrence did not differ between Ta G3 and Ta G2 (p = 0.9) or T1 G3 (p = 0.4). Progression at 5 yr occurred for 3.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.7-4.8%) of Ta G2, 13% (95% CI 9.3-17%) of Ta G3, and 20% (95% CI 17-23%) of T1 G3 carcinomas. Time to progression for Ta G3 was shorter than for Ta G2 (p < 0.001) and longer than for T1 G3 (p = 0.002). Patients with Ta G3 NMIBC with concomitant carcinoma in situ (CIS) had worse prognosis and a similar time to progression as for patients with T1 G3 NMIBC with CIS (p = 0.5). Multivariable analyses for recurrence and progression showed similar results. The prognosis of Ta G3 tumors in terms of progression appears to be in between that of Ta G2 and T1 G3. However, patients with Ta G3 NMIBC with concomitant CIS have worse prognosis that is comparable to that of T1 G3 with CIS. Our results support the recent EAU NMIBC guideline changes for more refined risk stratification of Ta G3 tumors because many of these patients have better prognosis than previously thought. We used data from 17 centers in Europe and Canada to assess the prognosis for patients with stage Ta grade 3 (G3) non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Time to cancer progression for Ta G3 cancer differed from both Ta G2 and T1 G3 tumors. Our results support the recent change in the European Association of Urology guidelines for more refined risk stratification of Ta G3 NMIBC because many patients with this tumor have better prognosis than previously thought

Measurement of the mass difference between t and t̄ quarks

We present a direct measurement of the mass difference between t and t̄ quarks using tt̄ candidate events in the lepton+jets channel, collected with the CDFII detector at Fermilab\u27s 1.96TeV Tevatron pp̄ Collider. We make an event by event estimate of the mass difference to construct templates for top quark pair signal events and background events. The resulting mass difference distribution of data is compared to templates of signals and background using a maximum likelihood fit. From a sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.6fb-1, we measure a mass difference, ΔMtop=Mt-Mt̄=-3.3±1.4(stat) ±1.0(syst)GeV/c2, approximately 2standard deviations away from the CPT hypothesis of zero mass difference. © 2011 American Physical Society

Observation of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>B</mml:mi><mml:mi>s</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msubsup><mml:mo>→</mml:mo><mml:mi>J</mml:mi><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:mi>ψ</mml:mi><mml:msup><mml:mi>K</mml:mi><mml:mo>*</mml:mo></mml:msup><mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo><mml:mn>892</mml:mn><mml:msup><mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msup></mml:math>and<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>B</mml:mi><mml:mi>s</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msubsup><mml:mo>→</mml:mo><mml:mi>J</mml:mi><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:mi>ψ</mml:mi><mml:msubsup><mml:mi>K</mml:mi><mml:mi>S</mml:mi><mml:mn>0</mml:mn></mml:msubsup></mml:math>decays

We report the first observation of two Cabibbo-suppressed decay modes of the Bs0 meson. Using a sample of pp̄ collisions at √s=1.96TeV corresponding to 5.9fb-1 of integrated luminosity collected with the CDF II, the collider detector at the Fermilab Tevatron, we search for new Bs0 decay modes in a sample of events containing J/ψ→μ+μ - decays. We reconstruct a Bs0→J/ψK*(892)0 signal with K*(892)0→K+π-, observing a yield of 151±25 events with a statistical significance of 8.0σ. We also reconstruct a Bs0→J/ψKS0 signal with KS0→π+π-, observing a yield of 64±14 events with a statistical significance of 7.2σ. From these yields, we extract the branching ratios B(Bs0→J/ψK*(892)0)=(8. 3±3.8)×10-5 and B(Bs0→J/ψK0)=(3.5±0.8) ×10-5, where statistical, systematic, and fragmentation- fraction uncertainties are included in the combined uncertainty. © 2011 American Physical Society

Measurement of the Bs0 lifetime in fully and partially reconstructed Bs0→Ds-(Φπ \u3csup\u3e-\u3c/sup\u3e)X decays in p̄p collisions at √s=1.96TeV

We present a measurement of the Bs0 lifetime in fully and partially reconstructed Bs0→Ds-(Φπ -)X decays in 1.3fb -1 collected in pp̄ collisions at √s=1.96TeV by the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. We measure τ(Bs0)=1.518±0.041(stat)±0. 027(syst)ps. The ratio of this result and the world average B0 lifetime yields τ(Bs0)/τ(B0)=0.99±0.03, which is in agreement with recent theoretical predictions. © 2011 American Physical Society

Updated Search for the Flavor-Changing Neutral-Current Decay D^0 \to {\mu} + {\mu}-

8 pages, 5 figures, RevTex format, submitted to PRDWe report on a search for the flavor-changing neutral-current decay D0 \to {\mu}+ {\mu}- in pp collisions at \surd s = 1.96 TeV using 360 pb-1 of integrated luminosity collected by the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. A displaced vertex trigger selects long-lived D0 candidates in the {\mu}+ {\mu}-, {\pi}+{\pi}-, and K-{\pi}+ decay modes. We use the Cabibbo-favored D0 \to K-{\pi}+ channel to optimize the selection criteria in an unbiased manner, and the kinematically similar D0 \to{\pi}+ {\pi}- channel for normalization. We set an upper limit on the branching fraction (D0 --> {\mu}+ {\mu}-)We report on a search for the flavor-changing neutral-current decay D0→μ+μ- in pp̅ collisions at √s=1.96  TeV using 360  pb-1 of integrated luminosity collected by the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. A displaced vertex trigger selects long-lived D0 candidates in the μ+μ-, π+π-, and K-π+ decay modes. We use the Cabibbo-favored D0→K-π+ channel to optimize the selection criteria in an unbiased manner, and the kinematically similar D0→π+π- channel for normalization. We set an upper limit on the branching fraction B(D0→μ+μ-)<2.1×10-7(3.0×10-7) at the 90% (95%) confidence level.Peer reviewe

Observation of the Y(4140)Y(4140) structure in the J/ψ ϕJ/\psi\,\phi Mass Spectrum in B±→J/ψ ϕKB^\pm\to J/\psi\,\phi K cays

The observation of the $Y(4140)$ structure in $B^\pm\rightarrow J/\psi\,\phi K^\pm$ decays produced in $\bar{p} p$ collisions at \sqrt{s}=1.96~\TeV is reported with a statistical significance greater than 5 standard deviations. A fit to the $J/\psi\,\phi$ mass spectrum is performed assuming the presence of a Breit-Wigner resonance. The fit yields a signal of $19^{+6}_{-5}$ resonance events, and resonance mass and width of 4143.4^{+2.9}_{-3.0}(\mathrm{stat})\pm0.6(\mathrm{syst})~\MeVcc and 15.3^{+10.4}_{-6.1}(\mathrm{stat})\pm2.5(\mathrm{syst})~\MeVcc respectively. The parameters of this resonance-like structure are consistent with values reported from an earlier CDF analysis.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, submited to Phys. Rev. Let