Habit or lack of education? Hypohydration is present in elite senior judo athletes even during a weight-stable training camp

© The Author(s) 2022. This is the accepted manuscript version of an article which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1177/1747954122112243It has been well-documented that high-level judo athletes presented a high level of hypohydration during weight-cutting and competition periods. However, there is a lack of studies investigating the hydration status of high-level judo athletes during a weight-stable training period. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate elite judo athletes? hydration status, body mass change, and fluid intake during a weight-stable training camp. Twenty-seven judo athletes (women n?=?8, men n?=?19, body weight?=?79.6?±?20.9?kg) from the senior national judo team voluntarily participated in this study. Data were collected in the morning after waking up and before and after the morning and evening training sessions. On the second day, the measurements were taken again in the morning after waking up. Urine-specific gravity (USG) was classified as hydrated (USG ?.05). Most of the elite judo athletes presented hypohydration (92.6%). The relationship between the fluid intake of the athletes and the changes in USG and body weight values during 24?h was not significant (p?>?.05). The current study?s findings revealed that high-level judo athletes present a high level of hypohydration even during a weight-stable training camp. Furthermore, the training sessions during the experiment period (24?h) worsened the hydration status of the senior athletes in all weight categories for both women and men.Peer reviewe

The prevelance of removal of miniplates used in orthognathic surgery: A retrospective study with long-term follow-up

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı ortognatik cerrahi uygulanmış hastalarda miniplak ile ilişkili gelişen komplikasyonların uzun dönemli takip sürecince değerlendirilmesidir. Materyal ve Metod: Araştırmaya 2004-2017 yılları arasında ortognatik cerrahi uygulanmış hastalar dahil edilmiştir. Miniplak söküm nedeni, miniplak sökümü uygulanan bölge, ortognatik cerrahi ile miniplak söküm işlemi arasında geçen süre ve miniplak sökümü sonrasında bulgu ve semptomlarda iyileşme durumu değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Araştırmaya dahil edilen 70 hastanın 11’inde (%15,7) toplam 19 adet miniplak söküm işlemi uygulanmıştır. Ortalama takip süresi 7,65+2,81 (3,5-15,3 yıl) yıl olup; ortognatik cerrahi ile miniplak çıkartılma işlemleri arasında geçen süre ortalama 1.52 yıldır (4 ay-6 yıl). Miniplak söküm nedenleri enfeksiyon (%45,5), soğuk hassasiyeti (%18,2), miniplağın palpe edilebilir hale gelerek hastada rahatsızlık oluşturması (%9), miniplağın bulunduğu bölgeye başka bir cerrahi uygulama yapılacak olması (%18,2) ve hasta isteği olarak sıralanabilir (%9). Toplam 13 adet (%11,6) miniplak mandibuladan çıkartılmış; 6 adet (%3,06) miniplak ise maksilladan çıkartılmıştır. Çene ucunda miniplak söküm işlemi uygulanmamıştır. Enfeksiyon nedeniyle mandibuladan miniplak sökülme oranının %69, maksilladan miniplak sökülme oranının ise %16,6 olduğu görülmüştür (p<0,05). Miniplak bulunan bölgeye uygulanacak başka bir cerrahi işlem nedeniyle maksilladan toplam 3 adet (%50) miniplak sökülmüş, mandibulada ve çene ucunda ise bu nedenle miniplak söküm işlemi uygulanmamıştır (p<0,05). Sonuç: Kliniğimizde 13 yıllık bir süreçte ortognatik cerrahi uygulanmış hastalarda miniplak söküm prevelansının %15,7 olduğu görülmüştür. Miniplak ile ilişkili komplikasyonlar ortognatik cerrahiden ortalama 1,5 yıl sonra gelişmiş, postoperatif 5. yıldan sonra miniplaklar ile ilişkili herhangi bir komplikasyon görülmemiştir.Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the complications associated with miniplates in patients who underwent orthognathic surgery, in the long-term follow-up period. Materials and Methods: Patients who underwent orthognathic surgery between 2004-2017 were included in this study. The reason for miniplate removal, the region where miniplate removal was performed, the time between orthognathic surgery and miniplate removal, and the improvement in signs and symptoms after miniplate removal were evaluated. Results: A total of 19 miniplate removal procedures were performed in 11 (15.7%) of the 70 patients included in the study. The mean follow-up period was 7.65 + 2.81 (3.5-15.3 years) years. The mean time between orthognathic surgery and miniplate removal procedure was 1.52 years. The reasons for miniplate removal were infection (45.5%), cold sensitivity (18.2%), palpable plate (9%), planning another surgery to the region where the miniplate was located (18.2%), and patient request (9%). A total of 13 (11.6%) miniplates were removed from the mandible; 6 miniplates (3.06%) were removed from the maxilla. None of the miniplates located on the chin was removed. The rate of miniplate removal from the mandible due to infection was found as 69%, and the rate of miniplate removal from the maxilla due to infection was 16.6% (p <0.05). 3 miniplates (50%) were removed from the maxilla for sinus lifting and rhinoplasty. On the other hand, no miniplate was removed neither from the mandible nor the chin for another surgery (p <0.05). Conclusion: It was observed that the prevalence of miniplate removal was 15.7% in patients who underwent orthognathic surgery in our clinic for a period of 13 years. Complications associated with miniplate developed 1.5 years after orthognathic surgery, and no complication was observed in the period 5 years after the operations

Examining the effect of dynamic strenght trainıig on dribbling and passing performance versus ısometric strenght training on young basketball playersGenç basketbolcularda izometrik kuvvet antrenmanına karşın dinamik kuvvet antrenmanının top sürme ve pas performansına etkisinin incelenmesi

Propose of this study is evaluation of effect on ball driving and passing applied isometric strength with dynamic strength training in young baseball players. This study participated 14 male (mean age: 16.75 ± 0.4, height: 176.0 ± 5.6 cm, weight: 71.6 ± 14.4 kg, fitness age: 3.5 ± 0.8 years) was separated homogeneous 7 person group. Both groups was trained 3 days a week 2 hours throughout 8 weeks. While one of the groups doing isometric strenght training, other performed training with dynamic strenght training method. Effect of both training was evaluated by baseboll dribbling and passing tests. According to non-parametric method statistical analsis of the groups among themselves calculated Wilcoxon test and intergroups analysis calculated  Mann Whitney U test. Significant difference, statistically valued at p: 0,018, is found in the valuation between dribble pre and posttest of Isometric strength group. Significant difference statistically valued at p: 0,026 , is found in the valuation between pass pre and posttest. Significant difference, statistically valued at p: 0,026, is found in the valuation between dribble pre and posttest of dynamic strength group. Significant difference statistically valued at p: 0,017, is found in the valuation between pass pre and posttest. While there is found p:0,016 valued significant difference in dribble test, there isn’t found p:0,304 valued significant difference in pass test. ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı genç basketbolculara uygulanan izometrik kuvvete karşın dinamik kuvvet antrenmanlarının top sürme ve pas isabetine etkisinin incelenmesi olarak belirlenmiştir.Çalışmaya katılan 14 erkek sporcu (yaş 16.75 ± 0.4 yıl, boy 176.0 ± 5.6 cm, beden ağırlığı 71.6 ± 14.4 kg, antrenman yaşı 3.5 ± 0.8) homojen 7 şer kişilik gruba ayrılmıştır. Her iki gruba 8 hafta boyunca haftada 3 gün 2 saatlik antrenman yaptırılmıştır. Gruplardan biri izometrik kuvvet antrenmanı yaparken, diğeri dinamik kuvvet antrenman yöntemi ile antrenman uygulamıştır. Her iki antrenmanın etkisi basketbol dribling ve pas performans testi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Grupların kendi aralarındaki istatistiksel analizi parametrik olmayan yönteme göre Wilcoxon testi ile gruplar arası analiz ise Mann Whitney U testi ile hesaplanmıştır.İzometrik kuvvete ve dinamik kuvvet antrenmanlarının son testleri karşılaştırıldığında dribling testinde izometrik kuvvet antrenmanı lehine anlamlı farklılık bulunurken (p&lt;0.05), pas testi karşılaştırmasında ise anlamlı farklılık bulunamamıştır (p&gt;0.05). Bu sonucun izometrik antrenman yönteminin, kuvvet artırımında etkili olduğu ve top sürme performansını yükselttiği söylenebilir. Pas performansında ise matematiksel olarak gelişim olsa da istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunamamıştır. Bu sonuçlara göre iki antrenman yönteminin de yakın değerler vermesi bu antrenmanların performansı arttırma amacı ile kullanılabilir yöntemler olduğu düşünülebilir

Kikuchi Fujimato Disease

Kikuchi Fujimato disease (KFD) also know as histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis (HNL) is a benign, self limiting disease, which commonly affects young women under 30 years of age. Most of the cases resolve in a six month period. Laboratory and clinical findings of KFD show similarities with tuberculosis lymphadenitis, mailgn lymphoma, other malign and benign diseases. The diagnosis is established on the basis of histology of lymph node excisional biopsy. The differentiation of KFD from Sistemik Lupus Eritematosus (SLE) can sometimes be problematic because both can show similar clinical and histological features. KFD and SLE can be seen together. Forty two years-old female patient diagnosed with KFD was discussed in light of current literature

Lateral angular co-extrusion: Geometrical and mechanical properties of compound profiles

A novel co-extrusion process for the production of coaxially reinforced hollow profiles has been developed. Using this process, hybrid hollow profiles made of the aluminum alloy EN AW-6082 and the case-hardening steel 20MnCr5 (AISI 5120) were produced, which can be forged into hybrid bearing bushings by subsequent die forging. For the purpose of co-extrusion, a modular tooling concept was developed where steel tubes made of 20MnCr5 are fed laterally into the tool. This LACE (lateral angular co-extrusion) process allows for a variation of the volume fraction of the reinforcement by using steel tubes with different wall thicknesses, which enabled the production of compound profiles having reinforcement contents of either 14 vol.% or 34 vol.%. The shear strength of the bonding area of these samples was determined in push-out tests. Additionally, mechanical testing of segments of the hybrid profiles using shear compression tests was employed to provide information about the influence of different bonding mechanisms on the strength of the composite zone. © 2020, MDPI AG. All rights reserved

Evaluating ChatGPT-4’s performance as a digital health advisor for otosclerosis surgery

PurposeThis study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of ChatGPT-4, an artificial intelligence (AI) chatbot, in providing accurate and comprehensible information to patients regarding otosclerosis surgery.MethodsOn October 20, 2023, 15 hypothetical questions were posed to ChatGPT-4 to simulate physician-patient interactions about otosclerosis surgery. Responses were evaluated by three independent ENT specialists using the DISCERN scoring system. The readability was evaluated using multiple indices: Flesch Reading Ease (FRE), Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), Gunning Fog Index (Gunning FOG), Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG), Coleman-Liau Index (CLI), and Automated Readability Index (ARI).ResultsThe responses from ChatGPT-4 received DISCERN scores ranging from poor to excellent, with an overall score of 50.7 ± 8.2. The readability analysis indicated that the texts were above the 6th-grade level, suggesting they may not be easily comprehensible to the average reader. There was a significant positive correlation between the referees’ scores. Despite providing correct information in over 90% of the cases, the study highlights concerns regarding the potential for incomplete or misleading answers and the high readability level of the responses.ConclusionWhile ChatGPT-4 shows potential in delivering health information accurately, its utility is limited by the level of readability of its responses. The study underscores the need for continuous improvement in AI systems to ensure the delivery of information that is both accurate and accessible to patients with varying levels of health literacy. Healthcare professionals should supervise the use of such technologies to enhance patient education and care

Combined metabolic activators improve metabolic functions in the animal models of neurodegenerative diseases

Background: Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs), including Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), are associated with metabolic abnormalities. Integrative analysis of human clinical data and animal studies have contributed to a better understanding of the molecular and cellular pathways involved in the progression of NDDs. Previously, we have reported that the combined metabolic activators (CMA), which include the precursors of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and glutathione can be utilized to alleviate metabolic disorders by activating mitochondrial metabolism. Methods: We first analysed the brain transcriptomics data from AD patients and controls using a brain-specific genome-scale metabolic model (GEM). Then, we investigated the effect of CMA administration in animal models of AD and PD. We evaluated pathological and immunohistochemical findings of brain and liver tissues. Moreover, PD rats were tested for locomotor activity and apomorphine-induced rotation. Findings: Analysis of transcriptomics data with GEM revealed that mitochondrial dysfunction is involved in the underlying molecular pathways of AD. In animal models of AD and PD, we showed significant damage in the high-fat diet groups' brain and liver tissues compared to the chow diet. The histological analyses revealed that hyperemia, degeneration and necrosis in neurons were improved by CMA administration in both AD and PD animal models. These findings were supported by immunohistochemical evidence of decreased immunoreactivity in neurons. In parallel to the improvement in the brain, we also observed dramatic metabolic improvement in the liver tissue. CMA administration also showed a beneficial effect on behavioural functions in PD rats. Interpretation: Overall, we showed that CMA administration significantly improved behavioural scores in parallel with the neurohistological outcomes in the AD and PD animal models and is a promising treatment for improving the metabolic parameters and brain functions in NDDs.PoLiMeR Innovative Training Network ; SNIC ; ScandiBio Therapeutics ; ScandiBio Therapeutics and Knut ; Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftels

Combined metabolic activators improve cognitive functions in Alzheimer's disease patients: A randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled phase-II trial

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is associated with metabolic abnormalities linked to critical elements of neurodegeneration. We recently administered combined metabolic activators (CMA) to the AD rat model and observed that CMA improves the AD-associated histological parameters in the animals. CMA promotes mitochondrial fatty acid uptake from the cytosol, facilitates fatty acid oxidation in the mitochondria, and alleviates oxidative stress. Methods: Here, we designed a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled phase-II clinical trial and studied the effect of CMA administration on the global metabolism of AD patients. One-dose CMA included 12.35 g L-serine (61.75%), 1 g nicotinamide riboside (5%), 2.55 g N-acetyl-L-cysteine (12.75%), and 3.73 g L-carnitine tartrate (18.65%). AD patients received one dose of CMA or placebo daily during the first 28 days and twice daily between day 28 and day 84. The primary endpoint was the difference in the cognitive function and daily living activity scores between the placebo and the treatment arms. The secondary aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and tolerability of CMA. A comprehensive plasma metabolome and proteome analysis was also performed to evaluate the efficacy of the CMA in AD patients. Results: We showed a significant decrease of AD Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog) score on day 84 vs day 0 (P = 0.00001, 29% improvement) in the CMA group. Moreover, there was a significant decline (P = 0.0073) in ADAS-Cog scores (improvement of cognitive functions) in the CMA compared to the placebo group in patients with higher ADAS-Cog scores. Improved cognitive functions in AD patients were supported by the relevant alterations in the hippocampal volumes and cortical thickness based on imaging analysis. Moreover, the plasma levels of proteins and metabolites associated with NAD + and glutathione metabolism were significantly improved after CMA treatment. Conclusion: Our results indicate that treatment of AD patients with CMA can lead to enhanced cognitive functions and improved clinical parameters associated with phenomics, metabolomics, proteomics and imaging analysis. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04044131 Registered 17 July 2019, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04044131

Combined metabolic activators improve cognitive functions in Alzheimer’s disease patients: a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled phase-II trial

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is associated with metabolic abnormalities linked to critical elements of neurodegeneration. We recently administered\ua0combined metabolic activators (CMA) to the AD rat model and observed that CMA improves the AD-associated histological parameters in the animals. CMA promotes mitochondrial fatty acid uptake from the cytosol, facilitates fatty acid oxidation in the mitochondria, and alleviates oxidative stress. Methods: Here, we designed a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled phase-II clinical trial and studied the effect of CMA administration on the global metabolism of AD patients. One-dose CMA included 12.35\ua0g L-serine (61.75%), 1\ua0g nicotinamide riboside (5%), 2.55\ua0g\ua0N-acetyl-L-cysteine (12.75%), and 3.73\ua0g L-carnitine tartrate (18.65%). AD patients received one dose of CMA or placebo daily during the first 28\ua0days and twice daily between day 28 and day 84. The primary endpoint was the difference in the cognitive function and daily living activity scores between the placebo and the treatment arms. The secondary aim of this study was to evaluate the safety and tolerability of CMA. A comprehensive plasma metabolome and proteome analysis was also performed to evaluate the efficacy of the CMA in AD patients. Results: We showed a significant decrease of AD Assessment Scale-cognitive subscale (ADAS-Cog) score on day 84 vs day 0 (P = 0.00001, 29% improvement) in the CMA group. Moreover, there was a significant decline (P = 0.0073) in ADAS-Cog scores (improvement of cognitive functions) in the\ua0CMA compared to the placebo group in patients with higher ADAS-Cog scores. Improved cognitive functions in AD patients were supported by the relevant alterations in the hippocampal volumes and cortical thickness based on imaging analysis. Moreover, the plasma levels of proteins and metabolites associated with NAD + and glutathione metabolism were significantly improved after CMA treatment. Conclusion: Our results indicate that treatment of AD patients with CMA can lead to enhanced cognitive functions and improved clinical parameters associated with phenomics, metabolomics, proteomics and imaging analysis. Trial registration\ua0ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04044131 Registered 17 July 2019, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04044131

Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio