STRATEGIES TO INTEGRATE THE NATIONAL SPORTS SCIENCE AND PHYSICAL EDUCATION PROFESSIONAL STRUCTURES IN THE INTERNATIONAL STRUCTURES

In the current international context, this author believes that the progress of sports science and physical education in Romania, synthesizing the results of national studies and experiments and providing directions for new researches, must be the result of an objective cooperation between a series of nationally and internationally recognized bodies and organizations.   Currently, the multiple events, projects and other activities organized and supported by the Romanian experts are in relation to the scientific, technical, pedagogical and managerial aspects of physical education, sports, leisure, fitness, and health, but they do not have a significant international presence. This paper contains this author's plans for the continual development of the actions of integrating the national professional Physical Education and Sports Science structures within FIEP Romania, FIEP Europe, and FIEP World. For each of these aspects, this paper identifies the current context and proposes concrete and realistic periods of time

THE IMPACT OF AN AMATEUR SWIMMING COMPETITION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF MASS SPORT AND ON THE PERFORMANCE EVOLUTION OF THE SWIMMING CHILDREN

The first swimming competitions for children who practice swimming as a leisure sport organized at the “Universitas” Swimming Complex were held from 2013, these being only demonstrative for parents, as an open lesson at the end of each calendar year. Starting with 2017 these competitions were organized and monitored more closely not only as a demonstration lesson but as a sports competition for amateurs, the rules being adapted according to the F.I.N.A. This article will show graphically and statistically a substantial increase of participants in this type of activity, which is due mostly to emotions and feelings both before and after the competition. Feelings of joy, sadness, emotions experienced during the contest lead to an intrinsic motivation, which causes the child to come with pleasure to the training and to prepare more intensely for the next contest. The monitoring of the subjects started from the year 2017 by attending the swimming courses and it was proved that after each organized swimming contest the number of participants in the training courses increased and at the same time the results obtained were improved. REZUMAT. Impactul unei competiții de ȋnot pentru amatori asupra dezvoltǎrii sportului de masǎ și asupra evoluției performanței copiilor practicanți de ȋnot. Ȋnotul este o activitate care aduce o multitudine de beneficii, de la cele fizice până la cele mentale și sociale. Înotul oferă un excelent antrenament cardiovascular, are un rol important în tonifierea musculaturii și creșterea capacității pulmonare. Un sport recomandat tuturor categoriilor de vârstă, în special copiilor și persoanelor cu deficient de postură. Este o opțiune excelentă pentru a face mișcare în orice perioadă a anului, dar este o activitate mai populară mai ales pe timpul verii, când se poate practica în bazine descoperite sau chiar la mare. Pentru copii, înotul poate fi considerat un sport plictisitor, și de aceea se încearcă diferite metode pentru a atrage copiii să practice acest sport. Ideea concursului a fost creată pentru a atrage mai mulți copii care să practice înotul ca activitate de recreere. Un concurs de înot pentru amatori oferă copiilor satisfacții care stimulează practicarea sportului în mod cât mai frecvent. Aceste satisfacții constau în premiile oferite de organizatori, sentimentele obținute în timpul concursului, sentimentul de reușită, bucuria părinților etc. Toate aceste aspecte ȋi ajutǎ pe copii să îndrăgească înotul și să practice în mod constant această activitate sportivă. După organizarea primului concurs cu caracter mai oficial, numărul participanților la cursurile de înot a crescut semnificativ în cadrul Complexului de natație Universitas. Aici a început monitorizarea mai atentă a acestui eveniment. Timp de doi ani au fost monitorizate în permanență următoarele aspecte: numărul copiilor participanți la cursurile de înot, frecvența de participare săptămânală, numărul copiilor care participă la concursurile organizate și timpii obținuți de aceștia la concurs, la proba de 50 m liber. Pentru a avea date relevante, la calcularea timpilor au fost luați în considerare doar copii cu vârste cuprinse între șapte și nouă ani, la fiecare concurs. Cuvinte cheie: ȋnot, copii, competiție, sportul de masǎ, evoluția performanței

An analysis of performance in elite young cross-country skiing: classical style vs skate skiing

Problem statement: The aim of this study was to assess the differences in the skiing performance of two skiing styles (classical style Vs. skate skiing), in a group of young high-level skiers. Approach: Four high-level male junior cross-country skiers from the Centre of Winter Sports of Aragon (Spain), were selected for this study that was developed during two competitions: 10 km free technique and 10 km classical technique performed in the same circuit and under the same conditions (snow quality, temperature, wind and relative humidity). Physiological variables, maximal and medium heart rate, blood lactate concentration (basal, final and during the recovery, after 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 min) and medium skiing speed, were analyzed with GPS Garmin Forerruner 305® Heart Rate Pulse and Lactate Dr. Lange analyzer®. Normally distributed data (Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test and Shapiro-Wilk) were statistically analyzed with one way ANOVA and t-Test for post-hoc comparisons (p<0.05). No-normally distributed data were analyzed with the Friedman and Wilcoxon Tests (p<0.05). Results: No significant differences have been recorded in the medium skiing speed, maximal and medium heart rate between the two styles. The peak heart rate was the same in both styles (188 bpm), although medium heart rate was lower in skate skiing vs. classical skiing (165 bpm Vs. 175 bpm). Blood lactate concentrations recorded significant differences during 4, 6, 8 and 10 min of recovery, being higher in free technique (12.7±1.7; 11.4±1.8; 10.4±1.4 and 8.9±1.6 mmol L−1 Vs. 8.7±1.3; 7.5±1.6; 6.3±1.3 and 5.6±1.1 mmol L−1, respectively). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that skate skiing generates a higher impact on the cross-country skier than classical skiing, due to higher blood lactate concentrations during 4, 6, 8 and 10 min of recovery. The own characteristics of the free technique may be the reason of the lower mean heart rate

Development of organic livestock production in Romania

The paper is a sythesis regarding multiple aspects concerning the development and future prospects of organic livestock production in Romania. It focuses on livestock statistics, the legislation, the inspection and certification, the pre-accesion programmes and some subsidizing aspects

Severe early onset preeclampsia: short and long term clinical, psychosocial and biochemical aspects

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy specific disorder commonly defined as de novo hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks gestational age. It occurs in approximately 3-5% of pregnancies and it is still a major cause of both foetal and maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide1. As extensive research has not yet elucidated the aetiology of preeclampsia, there are no rational preventive or therapeutic interventions available. The only rational treatment is delivery, which benefits the mother but is not in the interest of the foetus, if remote from term. Early onset preeclampsia (<32 weeks’ gestational age) occurs in less than 1% of pregnancies. It is, however often associated with maternal morbidity as the risk of progression to severe maternal disease is inversely related with gestational age at onset2. Resulting prematurity is therefore the main cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity in patients with severe preeclampsia3. Although the discussion is ongoing, perinatal survival is suggested to be increased in patients with preterm preeclampsia by expectant, non-interventional management. This temporising treatment option to lengthen pregnancy includes the use of antihypertensive medication to control hypertension, magnesium sulphate to prevent eclampsia and corticosteroids to enhance foetal lung maturity4. With optimal maternal haemodynamic status and reassuring foetal condition this results on average in an extension of 2 weeks. Prolongation of these pregnancies is a great challenge for clinicians to balance between potential maternal risks on one the eve hand and possible foetal benefits on the other. Clinical controversies regarding prolongation of preterm preeclamptic pregnancies still exist – also taking into account that preeclampsia is the leading cause of maternal mortality in the Netherlands5 - a debate which is even more pronounced in very preterm pregnancies with questionable foetal viability6-9. Do maternal risks of prolongation of these very early pregnancies outweigh the chances of neonatal survival? Counselling of women with very early onset preeclampsia not only comprises of knowledge of the outcome of those particular pregnancies, but also knowledge of outcomes of future pregnancies of these women is of major clinical importance. This thesis opens with a review of the literature on identifiable risk factors of preeclampsia