Genetic Algorithm Parameters Optimization for Bi-criteria Multiprocessor Task Scheduling using Design of Experiments

multiprocessor task scheduling is a NP-hard problem and Genetic algorithm (GA) has been revealed as an excellent technique for finding an optimal solution. In the past, several methods have been considered for the solution of this problem based on GAs. But, all these methods considers single criteria and in the present work, minimisation of the bi-criteria multiprocessor task scheduling problem has been considered which includes weighted sum of makespan & total completion time simultaneously. Efficiency and effectiveness of genetic algorithm can be achieved by optimization of its different parameters such as crossover, mutation, crossover probability, selection etc. The effects of GA parameters on minimization of bi-criteria fitness function and subsequent setting of parameters with the levels have been accomplished by central composite design (CCD) approach of response surface methodology (RSM) of Design of Experiments. The experiments have been performed with different levels of GA parameters and analysis of variance has been performed for significant parameters for minimisation of makepan and total completion time simultaneousl

Genetic Algorithm Parameters Optimization for Bi-criteria Multiprocessor Task Scheduling using Design of Experiments

multiprocessor task scheduling is a NP-hard problem and Genetic algorithm (GA) has been revealed as an excellent technique for finding an optimal solution. In the past, several methods have been considered for the solution of this problem based on GAs. But, all these methods considers single criteria and in the present work, minimisation of the bi-criteria multiprocessor task scheduling problem has been considered which includes weighted sum of makespan & total completion time simultaneously. Efficiency and effectiveness of genetic algorithm can be achieved by optimization of its different parameters such as crossover, mutation, crossover probability, selection etc. The effects of GA parameters on minimization of bi-criteria fitness function and subsequent setting of parameters with the levels have been accomplished by central composite design (CCD) approach of response surface methodology (RSM) of Design of Experiments. The experiments have been performed with different levels of GA parameters and analysis of variance has been performed for significant parameters for minimisation of makepan and total completion time simultaneousl

Genetic Algorithm Parameters Optimization for Bi-criteria Multiprocessor Task Scheduling using Design of Experiments

multiprocessor task scheduling is a NP-hard problem and Genetic algorithm (GA) has been revealed as an excellent technique for finding an optimal solution. In the past, several methods have been considered for the solution of this problem based on GAs. But, all these methods considers single criteria and in the present work, minimisation of the bi-criteria multiprocessor task scheduling problem has been considered which includes weighted sum of makespan & total completion time simultaneously. Efficiency and effectiveness of genetic algorithm can be achieved by optimization of its different parameters such as crossover, mutation, crossover probability, selection etc. The effects of GA parameters on minimization of bi-criteria fitness function and subsequent setting of parameters with the levels have been accomplished by central composite design (CCD) approach of response surface methodology (RSM) of Design of Experiments. The experiments have been performed with different levels of GA parameters and analysis of variance has been performed for significant parameters for minimisation of makepan and total completion time simultaneousl

Genetic Algorithm Parameters Optimization for Bi-criteria Multiprocessor Task Scheduling using Design of Experiments

multiprocessor task scheduling is a NP-hard problem and Genetic algorithm (GA) has been revealed as an excellent technique for finding an optimal solution. In the past, several methods have been considered for the solution of this problem based on GAs. But, all these methods considers single criteria and in the present work, minimisation of the bi-criteria multiprocessor task scheduling problem has been considered which includes weighted sum of makespan & total completion time simultaneously. Efficiency and effectiveness of genetic algorithm can be achieved by optimization of its different parameters such as crossover, mutation, crossover probability, selection etc. The effects of GA parameters on minimization of bi-criteria fitness function and subsequent setting of parameters with the levels have been accomplished by central composite design (CCD) approach of response surface methodology (RSM) of Design of Experiments. The experiments have been performed with different levels of GA parameters and analysis of variance has been performed for significant parameters for minimisation of makepan and total completion time simultaneousl

Genetic Algorithm Parameters Optimization for Bi-criteria Multiprocessor Task Scheduling using Design of Experiments

multiprocessor task scheduling is a NP-hard problem and Genetic algorithm (GA) has been revealed as an excellent technique for finding an optimal solution. In the past, several methods have been considered for the solution of this problem based on GAs. But, all these methods considers single criteria and in the present work, minimisation of the bi-criteria multiprocessor task scheduling problem has been considered which includes weighted sum of makespan & total completion time simultaneously. Efficiency and effectiveness of genetic algorithm can be achieved by optimization of its different parameters such as crossover, mutation, crossover probability, selection etc. The effects of GA parameters on minimization of bi-criteria fitness function and subsequent setting of parameters with the levels have been accomplished by central composite design (CCD) approach of response surface methodology (RSM) of Design of Experiments. The experiments have been performed with different levels of GA parameters and analysis of variance has been performed for significant parameters for minimisation of makepan and total completion time simultaneousl

Catalytic cleavage of <i>p</i>-nitrophenyl diphenyl phosphinate by hydroxamate ions

1825-1830The reaction of p-nitrophenyl diphenyl phosphinate with two N-substituted hydroxamic acids (N-phenylbenzohydroxamic acid and N-methyl 2-chlorobcnzohydroxamic acid) in three different cationic surfactants (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, cetyltriphenylphosphonium bromide and cetyldimethylethanolammon ium bromide) at pH 9.1 (27°C) have been studied. The pseudo- first order rate constant increases with surfactant concentration. The pseudophase model has been applied to rate data to explain the behavior of binding of the substrate and nucleophiles

Fluorescent microscopy and Ziehl-Neelsen staining of bronchoalveolar lavage, bronchial washings, bronchoscopic brushing and post bronchoscopic sputum along with cytological examination in cases of suspected tuberculosis

Objectives: Ever since the discovery of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in 1882, many diagnostic methods have been developed. However "The gold standard" for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is still the demonstration of acid fast Bacilli (AFB) by microscopic examination of smear or bacteriological confirmation by culture method. Materials and Methods: In suspected 75 patients with active pulmonary TB, the materials obtained bronchoscopically, were bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), bronchial brushings, bronchial washings and post bronchoscopic sputum. Four smears were made from each of the specimen. Fluorescent Staining, Ziehl–Neelsen (ZN), Pap and May Grunwald-Giemsa (MGG) stains were carried out for cytological examination. Results: Fluorescent stain yielded maximum AFB positivity in all the methods, that is 36 (48%) in post fibre-optic bronchoscopy (FOB) sputum and 19 (25.33%) by fluorescence microscopy in both bronchial brushings and bronchial washings. Maximum yield of AFB with ZN staining 12 (16%) was equal to the post FOB sputum and bronchial brushings samples. It was followed by 6 cases (8%) in BAL and 4 (5.3%) in bronchial washings. The cytological examination was suggestive of TB in only 8 (10.66%) cases in bronchial washings and 6 (8%) cases in post FOB collection. It was equal in BAL and Bronchial brushings each that is 5 (6.67%). Conclusion: Bronchoscopy is a useful diagnostic tool and fluorescent microscopy is more sensitive than ZN and cytology. On X-ray examination, other diseases like malignancy or fungus can also mimick TB. So apart from ZN staining or fluorescence microscopy, Pap and MGG stain will be worthwhile to identify other microorganisms

Factors associated with unexplained sudden deaths among adults aged 18-45 years in India – A multicentric matched case–control study

Background & objectives: In view of anecdotal reports of sudden unexplained deaths in India's apparently healthy young adults, linking to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection or vaccination, we determined the factors associated with such deaths in individuals aged 18-45 years through a multicentric matched case–control study. Methods: This study was conducted through participation of 47 tertiary care hospitals across India. Cases were apparently healthy individuals aged 18-45 years without any known co-morbidity, who suddenly (<24 h of hospitalization or seen apparently healthy 24 h before death) died of unexplained causes during 1st October 2021-31st March 2023. Four controls were included per case matched for age, gender and neighborhood. We interviewed/perused records to collect data on COVID-19 vaccination/infection and post-COVID-19 conditions, family history of sudden death, smoking, recreational drug use, alcohol frequency and binge drinking and vigorous-intensity physical activity two days before death/interviews. We developed regression models considering COVID-19 vaccination ≤42 days before outcome, any vaccine received anytime and vaccine doses to compute an adjusted matched odds ratio (aOR) with 95 per cent confidence interval (CI). Results: Seven hundred twenty nine cases and 2916 controls were included in the analysis. Receipt of at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine lowered the odds [aOR (95% CI)] for unexplained sudden death [0.58 (0.37, 0.92)], whereas past COVID-19 hospitalization [3.8 (1.36, 10.61)], family history of sudden death [2.53 (1.52, 4.21)], binge drinking 48 h before death/interview [5.29 (2.57, 10.89)], use of recreational drug/substance [2.92 (1.1, 7.71)] and performing vigorous-intensity physical activity 48 h before death/interview [3.7 (1.36, 10.05)] were positively associated. Two doses lowered the odds of unexplained sudden death [0.51 (0.28, 0.91)], whereas single dose did not. Interpretation & conclusions: COVID-19 vaccination did not increase the risk of unexplained sudden death among young adults in India. Past COVID-19 hospitalization, family history of sudden death and certain lifestyle behaviors increased the likelihood of unexplained sudden death