The effect of resveratrol on sphingosine-1 and oxidative/ nitrosative stress in an experimental heart ischemia reperfusion model

Objectives: Resveratrol (RSV) is a natural polyphenolic compound showing significant antioxidant effects. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of resveratrol on the sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and oxidative stress biomarkers in hearth ischemia-reperfusion (I/R). Materials and Methods: The biochemical and histopathological effects of RSV on cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury were investigated through ELISA- and light microscope. Results: We observed statistically significant differences between the treatment group and the control group in terms of malondialdehyde (MDA) level, catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities (p<0.05). Histopathologically, we also observed decreased Polymorphonuclear Leucocyte (PMNL) infiltration, myocardial edema, miyositolysis in the treatment group compared to the I/R and sham groups. Conclusion: Resveratrol may play an important role in cardiac I/R injury through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects which were biochemically and histopathologically confirmed in the present study

Expression of cell proliferation markers in benign, premalignant and malignant lesions and human papillomavirus isolation

AMAÇ: Bu çalışmada çeşitli benin, premalin ve malin deri lezyonlarında proliferasyon belirleyicilerinin rolü ve bu lezyonlarda insan papilloma virusu (HPV) pozitifliğinin saptanması amaçlandı. GEREÇ-YÖNTEM: Çalışmaya, parafin bloktaki 62 doku [12 seboreik keratoz (SK), 10 keratoakantom (KA), 8 aktinik keratoz (AK), 22 bazal hücreli karsinom (BHK) ve 10 skuamöz hücreli karsinom (SHK)] alındı. Doku örnekleri, Ki-67, p21 ve bcl-2 ekspresyonunu belirlemek amacıyla, immünohistokimyasal yöntemle çalışıldı. HPV DNA’sını tespit etmek için PCR uygulandı. BULGULAR: BHK tanısı almış olan iki dokuda HPV (tip-16) pozitifliği saptandı. Lezyonlarda Ki-67, p21 ve bcl-2 ekspresyonu sırası ile şu şekildeydi: KA<BHK<AK<SHK<SK (p<0.05), BHK<KA<SK<SHK<AK (p<0.05), AK<KA<BHK<SHK<SK (p<0.05). p21 ekspresyonundaki artışın, premalin lezyonlarda (AK), malin lezyonlara göre (BHK, SHK) daha belirgin olduğu saptandı (p<0.05). SONUÇ: Sonuçlarımıza göre HPV’nin benin, premalin ve malin lezyonların etyolojisinde doğrudan rol oynamadığı söylenebilir. Proliferasyon belirleyicilerinin ise benin, premalin ve malin lezyonların ayırd edilmesinde, hematoksilen-eozin boyaması ile birlikte ve yeni prospektif çalışmaların ışığında değerlendirilmesinin uygun olduğu görüşüne varıldı.Background and Design: This study was designed to investigate the role of proliferation markers in various benign, premalignant and malignant skin lesions and also aimed to detect HPV positivity in these lesions. MATERIAL-METHOD: A total of 62 paraffin blocks [12 seborrheic keratoses (SK), 10 keratoacantoma (KA), 8 actinic keratoses (AK), 22 basal cell carcinoma (BCC), and 10 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC)] were included in the study. Specimens were studied immunohistochemically for the expression of Ki-67, p21 and bcl-2. PCR was performed to detect HPV DNA. RESULTS: HPV positivity was detected in two tissues of BCC (HPV type-16). In the lesions, the Ki-67, p21 and bcl-2 expressions were found to be increased respectively: KA&lt;BCC&lt;AK&lt;SCC&lt;SK (p&lt;0.005), BCC&lt;KA&lt;SK&lt;SCC&lt;AK (p&lt;0.05), AK&lt;KA&lt;BCC&lt;SCC&lt;SK (p&lt;0.05). p21 expression was more prominent in premalignant (AK) lesions compared with malignant (BCC, SCC) ones (p&lt;0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that HPV does not have a direct role in the aetiology of benign, premalignant and malignant lesions. Proliferation markers should be evaluated along with hematoxylen&amp;eosin stained specimens for distinguishing benign, premalignant and malignant lesions. Prospective studies are still needed in this field

High-Grade Transformation of Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma Delineated with a Fibrous Rim: A Case Report

Background: High-grade transformation or dedifferentiation in carcinoma is progression of a low-grade malignant neoplasm to a high-grade carcinoma or poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma. This is rarely observed in adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary glands. Case Report: A 39 year-old woman presented with a painless mass at the left submandibulary region that had been growing slowly for 5 years. Submandibulary mass resection revealed a mass with peripheral adenoid cystic carcinoma and a central high-grade tumor delineated with a fibrous rim, raising the possibility of a hybrid or composite carcinoma, requiring differential diagnosis depending upon morphology and immunohistochemistry findings. The final histopathological diagnosis was high-grade transformation of adenoid cystic carcinoma. After surgical therapy, the patient was irradiated to the neck and submandibulary region. No sign of tumor recurrence has been evident for 36 months. Conclusion: This present case seems to be another rare case with high-grade transformation of adenoid cystic carcinoma and the fibrous rim may be a histopathological feature of such cases, which should be kept in mind