МЕТОДЫ СОКРАЩЕНИЯ НЕПРОИЗВОДИТЕЛЬНЫХ ЗАТРАТ

The efficiency of intelligent traffic control depends on the system approach of conveyance, comprising economics, engineering, and thrifty works. The authors have conducted a study at some classification yards that has permitted to compose a listing of probable losses, irrational costs, caused by activities with no extra value.Эффективность реализации концепции интеллектуального управления движением зависит от комплексности подходов к перевозочному процессу, включая роль экономики и технологий бережливого производства. На основе проведенного исследования на сортировочных станциях сформирована номенклатура потенциальных потерь, нерациональных расходов, связанных с деятельностью, не добавляющей ценности

Effect of lead, cadmium, and mercury co‐contaminants onbiodegradation in PAH‐polluted soils

Contamination of land by persistent organic pollutants has significant implications for human health and for future development potential. Bioremediation is an effective method for reducing the concentrations of such contaminants to below harmful levels, but the presence of co‐contaminants may hinder this process. Here, we present the results of a 40‐week microcosm study in which the biodegradation of 16 United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs; total: 2,166 mg kg−1) was followed in the presence of 3 different concentrations of cadmium (up to 620 mg kg−1) and lead (up to 782 mg kg−1) in a high organic matter soil. In the absence of metal treatment, 82% of PAHs were removed during the study period. Lead exerts a greater negative effect on total PAH removal than cadmium at low concentrations (approximately 100 mg kg−1) whilst cadmium exerts the greatest effect at higher concentrations (up to −27.7% reduction). Mercury, intended as the abiotic control (approximately 1,150 mg kg−1), exerts the greatest effect overall (−37%). Principal Component Analysis showed that PAH degradation was strongly associated with soil respiration rate, biomass content, and Ecoplate Average Well Colour Development. During the initial phase of the experiment, reduced microbial diversity was associated with increased PAH removal, consistent with literature observations for other organic contaminants, though this association was reversed after Week 12. Degradation of higher molecular weight PAHs showed the greatest sensitivity to the health of the microbial community. The effect of metal treatments on biotic parameters in microcosms without PAH amendment is also presented

Bacterial Degradation of Aromatic Compounds

Aromatic compounds are among the most prevalent and persistent pollutants in the environment. Petroleum-contaminated soil and sediment commonly contain a mixture of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heterocyclic aromatics. Aromatics derived from industrial activities often have functional groups such as alkyls, halogens and nitro groups. Biodegradation is a major mechanism of removal of organic pollutants from a contaminated site. This review focuses on bacterial degradation pathways of selected aromatic compounds. Catabolic pathways of naphthalene, fluorene, phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene, and benzo[a]pyrene are described in detail. Bacterial catabolism of the heterocycles dibenzofuran, carbazole, dibenzothiophene, and dibenzodioxin is discussed. Bacterial catabolism of alkylated PAHs is summarized, followed by a brief discussion of proteomics and metabolomics as powerful tools for elucidation of biodegradation mechanisms

Fluorene transformation by bacteria of the genus Rhodococcus

Of the four investigated Rhodococcus strains (R. rhodochrous172, R. opacus 4a and 557, and R. rhodnii 135), the first three strains were found to be able to completely transform fluorene when it was present in the medium as the sole source of carbon at a concentration of 12¿25 mg/l. At a fluorene concentration of 50¿100 mg/l in the medium, the rhodococci transformed 50% of the substrate in 14 days. The addition of casamino acids and sucrose (1¿5 g/l) stimulated fluorene transformation, so that R. rhodochrous 172 could completely transform it in 2¿5 days. Nine intermediates of fluorene transformation were isolated, purified, and structurally characterized. It was found that R. rhodnii 135 and R. opacus strains 4a and 557 hydroxylated fluorene with the formation of 2-hydroxyfluorene and 2,7-dihydroxyfluorene. R. rhodochrous 172 transformed fluorene via two independent pathways to a greater degree than the other rhodococci studied

Enabling risk assessment and analysis by event detection in dementia patients using a reconfigurable rule set

Chronic mental illnesses pose a great burden on the lives of citizens worldwide. In modern health-care, decentralization and enabling the self management of patients at home are crucial factors in improving the every-day lives of patients and the people close to them. People in general tend to dislike obtrusive monitoring on their daily activities, so how can we implement a platform that can provide clinicians with adequate and concise information on their patients health status and at the same time be unobtrusive and easy to use. Moreover, how can we make such an unobtrusive system capable of providing the doctor with highimpact warnings on the patient's health status only when it is needed, thus relieving him of unnecessary workload? In this paper, the authors present a reconfigurable Event Detection mechanism used in the ALADDIN platform for Risk Assessment and Analysis

On Constitutional Discourse 2020 and Legitimation of Russian Statehood

Статья поступила в редакцию 04.09.2020 г.Показано участие средств массовой информации 1 июля 2020 г. в процессе подготовки и проведения голосования по поправкам в Конституцию РФ. На основе предложенной М. Вебером типологии легитимации разработаны легитимирующие апелляции конституционного дискурса, которые способствуют формированию российской национальной идентичности.Shows the participation of the media in the preparation and conduct of voting on amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation on July 1, 2020. On the basis of the typology of legitimation proposed by M. Weber, legitimizing appeals of the constitutional discourse have been developed, which contribute to the formation of Russian national identity