Chemical Composition of Kapok (Ceibapentandra) Seed and Physicochemical Properties of its Oil

Determination of the chemical composition of Kapok (Ceibapentandra) seeds and physicochemical properties of its oil were carried out using standard methods. Mature dried fruits of Kapok from which seeds wereobtained were collected from in and around Basawa village, Sabon Gari Local Government Area, Kaduna State. Results of proximate analysis show crude fat (23.10%) and crude protein, (36.70%) while calcium (1212mg/kg) was most abundant among minerals analysed. Kapok seed oil had clear bright yellowish colour with offensive odour with iodine value, (76.80g I/100 g oil) and saponification value, (179.77mg KOH/g oil). Lignin content of the kapok fiber was 5.54%. We concluded that the kapok seeds, which are under-utilized and often discarded as an agrowaste in our environment, is rich in oil and protein therefore, has a reasonable economic potential which can be harnessed.Keywords: Kapok, Ceibapentandra, physicochemical properties, oil, iodine value, saponification valu

ANALISIS PUTUSAN PENGADILAN AGAMA BANGKINANG TENTANG PERMOHONAN CERAI GUGAT KARENA NAFKAH DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM

Penelitian ini membahas tentang Analisa terhadap putusan Pengadilan Agama Bangkinang tentang Perceraian karena nafkah dalam perspektif hukum islam. penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif, yaitu field research dan jenis penelitian riset kepustakaan (penelitian normatif). Metode yang bersifat kualitatif adalah metode yang menggunakan data ditempat penelitian. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan data di tempat penelitian serta menyusun dan mengkaji literatur-literatur seperti Undang-undang, kitab-kitab fiqih, jurnaljurnal yang berkaitan dengan rumusan masalah, tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah bagaimana putusan hakim dalam mengabulkan permohonan cerai gugat karena ketiadaaan nafkah yang disebabkan perselisihan dan pertengkaran, analisis hukum islam terhadap pertimbangan hakim pengadilan agama bangkinang dalam mengabulkan permohonan cerai gugat isteri menuntut nafkah melebihi kemampuan suami adapun hasil dari penelitian ini bahwa hakim mengabulkan permohonan penggugat karena isteri keberatan karena tidak diberikan nafkah, dan hakim menimbang bahwa tidak diberikan nafkah termasuk pelantaran dalam rumah tangga. Analisa putusan hakim dalam menetapkan putusan ini sudah sesuai dengan Undang-undang Perkawinan. Perihal ketidakmampuan suami dalam memberi nafkah karena faktor ekonomi maka pihak isteri tidak pernah menuntut masalah suami terhadap anak-anaknya, maka pengadilan agama tidak dapat menentukan kewajiban dari suami, karena pengadilan hanya bersifat pasif, dari apa yang diajukan itu yang dikabulkan oleh pengadilan

Hubungan Antara Besar Quadricep Angel terhadap Terjadinya Patella Femoral Pain Syndrome pada Pemain Bola Basket Wanita di Unit Bola Basket Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Patellofemoral pain syndrome is the name given to various pathologies that lead to anterior knee pain. This complaint does not mean that the definition of symptoms is clear because the symptoms and pain that the patient feels may be different and on average disrupt the physical activity of the patient. One important concept in patellofemoral joint is q-angel. Theoretically, higher Q-angles increase the lateral pull of the femoral quadriceps in patella and potentiate patellofemoral disorders. This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between anterior knee pain and Q-angle. Measurements in this study were carried out by using the Kujala score to measure complaints of patellofemoral pain syndrome, to measure the magnitude of the Q-angle angle measured by a goniometer. The collected data is analyzed using the Sperman RHO test. The results showed a relationship between Q-angle and patellaremoral pain syndrome in female basketball players. The value of p value (sig) of Q-angel is 0.024 so that Ho is rejected with the value r = 0.579 showing a positive relationship and a high strength of correlation, patello femoral pain syndrome 0.024 with a value of r = 0.579 showing a positive relationship and high correlation strength. Q-Angle relationship with complaints of patellofemoral pain syndrome

Penatalaksanaan Mirror Exercise untuk Meningkatkan Kekuatan Otot Wajah pada Bell’s Palsy di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah dr.Soehadi Prijonegoro Sragen

Bell’s palsy is a facial nerve dysfuntion when the nervus runs inside the facial canal. In this disorder is usually unilateral, a location that does not function to determine the functional aspects of the facial nerve that do not work. Objective : To find out the benefits of exercise therapy by using mirror exercise on the case of palsy bells. Result : After three times the exercise therapy was obtained, the results increased the muscle strength of the face using MMT from T1: 1 to T3: 3, and functional ability to increase by using ugo fish scale from T1: 36 points to T3: 47 points. Conclusion : Mirror exercise can increase muscle strength in the face and be able to improve the functional ability of sufferers of palsy

Penatalaksanaan Instrument Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization dan Isometric Contraction Untuk Mengurangi Nyeri Pada Kasus Osteoarthritis Genu Dextra di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Wonosari

Background : Osteoarthritis genu is a degenerative disorder associated with damage to the cartilage in the knee joint causing knee pain. Objective : To determine the implementation of physiotherapy in reducing knee pain along with increased range of motion, muscle strength and decreased swelling with the modalities of instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization and isometric contraction. Result : after three treatments, the result of pain reduction with VAS in tenderness from T1 : 4 to T3 : 1, in motion pain T1 : 6 to T3 : 2. ROM of the join with the goneometer has increased motion in the flexion movement genu dextra from T1 : 950 to T3 : 1200. Muscle strength with MMT in flexor muscle T1 : 4 to T3 : 4+. The oedema with the meterline in the genu is T1 : 41 cm to T3 : 38,2 cm. Conclusion : Instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization and isometric contraction can reduce pain, increase range of motion, muscle strength and reduce swelling

Echinococcus granulosus infection in foxes in Coquimbo region, Chile

Echinococcus granulosus is a cestode of zoonotic importance that infects a wide range of animals. The main definitive host of this parasite is the domestic dog, which most commonly becomes infected by ingestion of infected tissues from ruminant livestock. In some areas, however, wild carnivores have been reported to be infected with E. granulosus and to potentially have a role in the maintenance of infection. This study explores E. granulosus infection in free-ranging foxes in rural areas of the Coquimbo region. Fecal samples of live-trapped culpeo (Lycalopex culpaeus) and chilla (L. griseus) foxes were obtained in six of previously designed rural sites of the Coquimbo region in Chile between 2005 and 2006. Overall, Echinococcus granulosus coproantigen prevalence in wild foxes by a coproELISA test was 6% (2/33) and ranged from 0% to 20% in the different study sites. The presence of E. granulosus in wild carnivores for the maintenance of this parasite in this region is discussed

Redefining the "carrier" state for foot-and-mouth disease from the dynamics of virus persistence in endemically affected cattle populations

The foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) “carrier” state was defined by van Bekkum in 1959. It was based on the recovery of infectious virus 28 days or more post infection and has been a useful construct for experimental studies. Using historic data from 1,107 cattle, collected as part of a population based study of endemic FMD in 2000, we developed a mixed effects logistic regression model to predict the probability of recovering viable FMDV by probang and culture, conditional on the animal’s age and time since last reported outbreak. We constructed a second set of models to predict the probability of an animal being probang positive given its antibody response in three common non-structural protein (NSP) ELISAs and its age. We argue that, in natural ecological settings, the current definition of a ”carrier” fails to capture the dynamics of either persistence of the virus (as measured by recovery using probangs) or the uncertainty in transmission from such animals that the term implies. In these respects it is not particularly useful. We therefore propose the first predictive statistical models for identifying persistently infected cattle in an endemic setting that captures some of the dynamics of the probability of persistence. Furthermore, we provide a set of predictive tools to use alongside NSP ELISAs to help target persistently infected cattle

Using molecular data for epidemiological inference: assessing the prevalence of Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense in Tsetse in Serengeti, Tanzania

Background: Measuring the prevalence of transmissible Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense in tsetse populations is essential for understanding transmission dynamics, assessing human disease risk and monitoring spatio-temporal trends and the impact of control interventions. Although an important epidemiological variable, identifying flies which carry transmissible infections is difficult, with challenges including low prevalence, presence of other trypanosome species in the same fly, and concurrent detection of immature non-transmissible infections. Diagnostic tests to measure the prevalence of T. b. rhodesiense in tsetse are applied and interpreted inconsistently, and discrepancies between studies suggest this value is not consistently estimated even to within an order of magnitude. Methodology/Principal Findings: Three approaches were used to estimate the prevalence of transmissible Trypanosoma brucei s.l. and T. b. rhodesiense in Glossina swynnertoni and G. pallidipes in Serengeti National Park, Tanzania: (i) dissection/microscopy; (ii) PCR on infected tsetse midguts; and (iii) inference from a mathematical model. Using dissection/microscopy the prevalence of transmissible T. brucei s.l. was 0% (95% CI 0–0.085) for G. swynnertoni and 0% (0–0.18) G. pallidipes; using PCR the prevalence of transmissible T. b. rhodesiense was 0.010% (0–0.054) and 0.0089% (0–0.059) respectively, and by model inference 0.0064% and 0.00085% respectively. Conclusions/Significance: The zero prevalence result by dissection/microscopy (likely really greater than zero given the results of other approaches) is not unusual by this technique, often ascribed to poor sensitivity. The application of additional techniques confirmed the very low prevalence of T. brucei suggesting the zero prevalence result was attributable to insufficient sample size (despite examination of 6000 tsetse). Given the prohibitively high sample sizes required to obtain meaningful results by dissection/microscopy, PCR-based approaches offer the current best option for assessing trypanosome prevalence in tsetse but inconsistencies in relating PCR results to transmissibility highlight the need for a consensus approach to generate meaningful and comparable data

Jet energy measurement with the ATLAS detector in proton-proton collisions at root s=7 TeV

The jet energy scale and its systematic uncertainty are determined for jets measured with the ATLAS detector at the LHC in proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 7TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 38 pb-1. Jets are reconstructed with the anti-kt algorithm with distance parameters R=0. 4 or R=0. 6. Jet energy and angle corrections are determined from Monte Carlo simulations to calibrate jets with transverse momenta pT≥20 GeV and pseudorapidities {pipe}η{pipe}<4. 5. The jet energy systematic uncertainty is estimated using the single isolated hadron response measured in situ and in test-beams, exploiting the transverse momentum balance between central and forward jets in events with dijet topologies and studying systematic variations in Monte Carlo simulations. The jet energy uncertainty is less than 2. 5 % in the central calorimeter region ({pipe}η{pipe}<0. 8) for jets with 60≤pT<800 GeV, and is maximally 14 % for pT<30 GeV in the most forward region 3. 2≤{pipe}η{pipe}<4. 5. The jet energy is validated for jet transverse momenta up to 1 TeV to the level of a few percent using several in situ techniques by comparing a well-known reference such as the recoiling photon pT, the sum of the transverse momenta of tracks associated to the jet, or a system of low-pT jets recoiling against a high-pT jet. More sophisticated jet calibration schemes are presented based on calorimeter cell energy density weighting or hadronic properties of jets, aiming for an improved jet energy resolution and a reduced flavour dependence of the jet response. The systematic uncertainty of the jet energy determined from a combination of in situ techniques is consistent with the one derived from single hadron response measurements over a wide kinematic range. The nominal corrections and uncertainties are derived for isolated jets in an inclusive sample of high-pT jets. Special cases such as event topologies with close-by jets, or selections of samples with an enhanced content of jets originating from light quarks, heavy quarks or gluons are also discussed and the corresponding uncertainties are determined. © 2013 CERN for the benefit of the ATLAS collaboration

Measurement of the inclusive and dijet cross-sections of b-jets in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

The inclusive and dijet production cross-sections have been measured for jets containing b-hadrons (b-jets) in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV, using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The measurements use data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 34 pb^-1. The b-jets are identified using either a lifetime-based method, where secondary decay vertices of b-hadrons in jets are reconstructed using information from the tracking detectors, or a muon-based method where the presence of a muon is used to identify semileptonic decays of b-hadrons inside jets. The inclusive b-jet cross-section is measured as a function of transverse momentum in the range 20 < pT < 400 GeV and rapidity in the range |y| < 2.1. The bbbar-dijet cross-section is measured as a function of the dijet invariant mass in the range 110 < m_jj < 760 GeV, the azimuthal angle difference between the two jets and the angular variable chi in two dijet mass regions. The results are compared with next-to-leading-order QCD predictions. Good agreement is observed between the measured cross-sections and the predictions obtained using POWHEG + Pythia. MC@NLO + Herwig shows good agreement with the measured bbbar-dijet cross-section. However, it does not reproduce the measured inclusive cross-section well, particularly for central b-jets with large transverse momenta.Comment: 10 pages plus author list (21 pages total), 8 figures, 1 table, final version published in European Physical Journal