QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF INORGANIC ACID, BASIC RADICALS, AND ESTIMATION OF BIOMOLECULES IN THE FLOWER EXTRACT OF BUTEA SUPERBA ROXB.

Objective: Medicinal plants have different chemicals in their roots, stem, leaves, flowers, and fruits. In human history, medicinal plants play a vital role in the traditional medicine because of herbal plants have a great nutritive value, and some of them are also used in medicine. The efficacy of medicinal plants is mainly allied with their components such as secondary metabolites and inorganic acid, and basic radicals considered that prolonged intake can cause health problems if the heavy metals such as mercury, cadmium, and other impurities are the threshold concentrations.Methods: In the present study, the flower extract of Butea superba was analyzed for the inorganic acid and basic radicals and the estimation of total saponins, terpenoids, and alkaloids. The above protocols were done using standard methods.Results: The flower extract of B. superba revealed that the inorganic acid radicals such as chromate, phosphate, and sulfate and the basic radicals such as lead, arsenic, and ferrous showed that positive results. The percentage of total saponins, terpenoids, and alkaloids were compared in the following order, saponins<terpenoids<alkaloids as 4.181±0.017%<79.833±0.351%<107.823±0.105%, respectively.Conclusion: The present study revealed that the inorganic acid and basic elements of B. superba flower extract. The estimation of secondary metabolites such as total saponins, terpenoids, and alkaloids proved that the flower extract of B. superba is used to treat many diseases

Fabrication of polycaprolactone/β-tricalciumphosphate based nano scaffolds using electrospinning method for biomedical applications

1292-1297In this study, we have focused on preparation, fabrication and characterization of polycaprolactone and beta tricalcium phosphate (PCL/β-TCP) composite scaffolds that are used for bone tissue engineering applications. The electrospun composites have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The developed scaffolds are effectively simulated the morphology, mechanical property and bioactivity for load-bearing tissue engineering applications. The bioactivity of the scaffolds has been evaluated with in vitro cell adhesion and growth studies. The results confirm the nontoxic behaviour of the composite biomaterials and developed scaffolds with MG-63 osteoblast-like cell line. The synthesized scaffolds have shown promising bioactivity with the growth as well as proliferation of new bone cells with considerable osteoconductive properties. The nanoscaffolds possess better physical properties and support high cell adhesion suggesting their application in bone tissue engineering field

Fabrication of polycaprolactone/β-tricalciumphosphate based nano scaffolds using electrospinning method for biomedical applications

In this study, we have focused on preparation, fabrication and characterization of polycaprolactone and beta tricalcium phosphate (PCL/β-TCP) composite scaffolds that are used for bone tissue engineering applications. The electrospun composites have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The developed scaffolds are effectively simulated the morphology, mechanical property and bioactivity for load-bearing tissue engineering applications. The bioactivity of the scaffolds has been evaluated with in vitro cell adhesion and growth studies. The results confirm the nontoxic behaviour of the composite biomaterials and developed scaffolds with MG-63 osteoblast-like cell line. The synthesized scaffolds have shown promising bioactivity with the growth as well as proliferation of new bone cells with considerable osteoconductive properties. The nanoscaffolds possess better physical properties and support high cell adhesion suggesting their application in bone tissue engineering field

The Rsr1/Bud1 GTPase Interacts with Itself and the Cdc42 GTPase during Bud-Site Selection and Polarity Establishment in Budding Yeast

Bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays allow the visualization of the homotypic and heterotypic GTPase interactions in vivo. The Rsr1 homotypic interaction involves its polybasic region and depends on its GDP-GTP exchange factor. Dimerization of GTPases may be an efficient mechanism to set up cellular asymmetry

Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research