Phenytoin intoxication with no symptoms correlated with serum drug level: a case study

In high-dose intake of phenytoin, which is used frequently to treatepilepsy, nystagmus, diplopia, nausea-vomiting, lethargy, confusion, seizure, and coma can be observed. In recent studies on phenytoin intoxication, in which seizure and coma were observed in drug levels greater than 50 ug/mL. The serum phenytoin level of apatient, who consumed approximately 100 pcs of 100 mg phenytoin tablets in an effort to commit suicide, and who had no pathological finding in her neurologic examination, was 124 ug/mL. High drug level and the absence of toxic effect (or the absence of toxic effect correlated with the drug level) indicates that cytochrome P450 is functioning, but there can be a mutation in the MDR1 gene. In our case study, we report on phenytoin intoxication in a patient having a high level of phenytoin but no symptoms correlated with serum drug level, as supported by the findings in the literature.Pan African Medical Journal 2015; 2

Electrically Conductive Photoluminescent Porphyrin Phosphonate Metal-Organic Frameworks

Herein, the design and synthesis of a highly photoluminescent and electrically conductive metal–organic framework [Zn{Cu-p-H6TPPA}]⋅2 [(CH3)2NH] (designated as GTUB3), which is constructed using the 5,10,15,20-tetrakis [p-phenylphosphonic acid] porphyrin (p-H8TPPA) organic linker, is reported. The bandgap of GTUB3 is measured to be 1.45 and 1.48 eV using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, respectively. The PL decay measurement yields a charge carrier lifetime of 40.6 ns. Impedance and DC measurements yield average electrical conductivities of 0.03 and 4 S m−1, respectively, making GTUB3 a rare example of an electrically conductive 3D metal–organic framework. Thermogravimetric analysis reveals that the organic components of GTUB3 are stable up to 400 °C. Finally, its specific surface area and pore volume are calculated to be 622 m2 g−1 and 0.43 cm3 g−1, respectively, using grand canonical Monte Carlo. Owing to its porosity and high electrical conductivity, GTUB3 may be used as a low-cost electrode material in next generation of supercapacitors, while its low bandgap and high photoluminescence make it a promising material for optoelectronic applications

Semiconductive microporous hydrogen-bonded organophosphonic acid frameworks

Herein, we report a semiconductive, proton-conductive, microporous hydrogen-bonded organic framework (HOF) derived from phenylphosphonic acid and 5,10,15,20‐tetrakis[p‐phenylphosphonic acid] porphyrin (GTUB5). The structure of GTUB5 was characterized using single crystal X-ray diffraction. A narrow band gap of 1.56 eV was extracted from a UV-Vis spectrum of pure GTUB5 crystals, in excellent agreement with the 1.65 eV band gap obtained from DFT calculations. The same band gap was also measured for GTUB5 in DMSO. The proton conductivity of GTUB5 was measured to be 3.00 × 10−6 S cm−1 at 75 °C and 75% relative humidity. The surface area was estimated to be 422 m2 g−1 from grand canonical Monte Carlo simulations. XRD showed that GTUB5 is thermally stable under relative humidities of up to 90% at 90 °C. These findings pave the way for a new family of organic, microporous, and semiconducting materials with high surface areas and high thermal stabilities.DFG, 414044773, Open Access Publizieren 2019 - 2020 / Technische Universität Berli

Elective cancer surgery in COVID-19-free surgical pathways during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: An international, multicenter, comparative cohort study

PURPOSE As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19–free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19–free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19–free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19–free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score–matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19–free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19–free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

Elective Cancer Surgery in COVID-19-Free Surgical Pathways During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: An International, Multicenter, Comparative Cohort Study.

PURPOSE: As cancer surgery restarts after the first COVID-19 wave, health care providers urgently require data to determine where elective surgery is best performed. This study aimed to determine whether COVID-19-free surgical pathways were associated with lower postoperative pulmonary complication rates compared with hospitals with no defined pathway. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This international, multicenter cohort study included patients who underwent elective surgery for 10 solid cancer types without preoperative suspicion of SARS-CoV-2. Participating hospitals included patients from local emergence of SARS-CoV-2 until April 19, 2020. At the time of surgery, hospitals were defined as having a COVID-19-free surgical pathway (complete segregation of the operating theater, critical care, and inpatient ward areas) or no defined pathway (incomplete or no segregation, areas shared with patients with COVID-19). The primary outcome was 30-day postoperative pulmonary complications (pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, unexpected ventilation). RESULTS: Of 9,171 patients from 447 hospitals in 55 countries, 2,481 were operated on in COVID-19-free surgical pathways. Patients who underwent surgery within COVID-19-free surgical pathways were younger with fewer comorbidities than those in hospitals with no defined pathway but with similar proportions of major surgery. After adjustment, pulmonary complication rates were lower with COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.2% v 4.9%; adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.44 to 0.86). This was consistent in sensitivity analyses for low-risk patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists grade 1/2), propensity score-matched models, and patients with negative SARS-CoV-2 preoperative tests. The postoperative SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was also lower in COVID-19-free surgical pathways (2.1% v 3.6%; aOR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.76). CONCLUSION: Within available resources, dedicated COVID-19-free surgical pathways should be established to provide safe elective cancer surgery during current and before future SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks

Yığma Yapıların Düzlem İçi Davranışının Kafes Model Yaklaşımı ile Analizi

Yığma yapılarda, malzeme parametrelerindeki belirsizliklerin yanı sıra düzensiz duvar örgü biçimi ve taşıyıcı elemanlarda oluşan hasarlar da göz önünde bulundurulduğunda yapısal davranışının ve taşıma kapasitesinin belirlenmesi oldukça karmaşık bir hale gelmektedir. Bu durumlarda nümerik analizlerde basitleştirilmiş yaklaşımların tercih edilmesi, çözüme pratik olarak ulaşılmasına olanak sağlar. Bu çalışmada, yığma taşıyıcı sistemlerin düzlem içi hasar oluşumları ve taşıma kapasiteleri kafes elemanlardan oluşan sayısal analiz modeli kullanılarak belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır. Yığma yapılarda kullanılması açısından yenilikçi bir yaklaşım olarak önerilen bu yöntemde, sadece uzun ekseni doğrultusunda yük taşıyan çubuk elemanlar kullanılmaktadır. Böylece oluşturulan eşdeğer hesap modeliyle gerçekleştirilen doğrusal olmayan analizler ile yapıda dış yük etkisinde meydana gelebilecek hasarların ve maksimum taşıma kapasitesinin elde edilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Literatürde daha önce incelenen yığma yapıların esas alındığı çalışmada, yöntemin avantajları ve dezavantajları karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Gerçek yapıdaki süneklik tepkisinin tam olarak temsil edilememesine rağmen, maksimum taşıma kapasitesinin ve hasar oluşum bölgelerinin kabul edilebilir düzeyde doğrulukla belirlenebileceği görülmüştür. Yaygın olarak tercih edilen kapsamlı modelleme prosedürlerine bir alternatif olarak önerilen eşdeğer kafes model yaklaşımının umut verici olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır

A Periodical Study on the Economic Aspects of Atatürk's Statism

<p>State socialism is a concept that refers to the intervention of the State in the economic sphere for the highest welfare and interests of the nation while relying on individual initiative and capital. It is accepted that Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founding leader of the modern Republic of Turkey, and his enlightened comrades-in-arms adopted state socialism in the economic field. We can say that there were many reasons for the adoption of state socialism in the conditions of that period. Among these reasons were the statist, nationalist and leftist ideology of Mustafa Kemal Pasha and his friends and the economic and political support the Bolsheviks gave to the newly established government of the Republic of Turkey. In addition, perhaps the most important reason was the country's lack of private enterprise and capital after the War of Independence. The country's lack of rich capital and sufficient entrepreneurs made a statist industrialisation step inevitable after the 1930s. The first five-year industrial programme implemented within this framework was directed towards ensuring the production of the products needed by the country. In the second five-year industrial programme, the export power and structure and foreign trade balance were considered rather than the country's needs. In both industrialisation programmes, investments were mainly financed by loans received from foreign states, and a sure success was achieved in industrialisation through technology trade.</p&gt