Speckle pattern analysis of security holograms and related foils for quality assessment and authentication.

A speckle pattern is produced by the mutual interference of a set of coherent wavefronts. Speckle patterns typically occur in diffuse reflections of monochromatic light such a laser light. When a rough surface is illuminated by a coherent light is imaged, a speckle pattern is observed in the image plane. This study involves the quality assessment and authentication of security holograms and its related foils by analyzing the speckle pattern generated from the specimen itself. Speckle pattern from various type of security holograms and foils are taken. By processing the image of the speckle pattern, the size of the speckles is analyzed using MATLAB software. By evaluating the size of the speckle generated, the feasibility of analyzing the quality and authenticity of the security hologram is assessed. The paper discusses about the experimental setup, image capturing, and processing method and the result obtained in detail

Usunięcie przemieszczonych stentów z pnia lewej tętnicy wieńcowej w trakcie przezskórnej interwencji wieńcowej techniką trappingu

Dislodgement and embolisation of the new generation of drug eluting stents is a very rare but recognized and potentially serious complication of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Various methods from including tangling wire, bioptome, and goose neck snare to surgical removal have been described. Here we report a case of successful retrieval of a deformed coronary stent from left main coronary artery by trapping technique.Przemieszczenie stentu nowej generacji wydzielającego lek i związany z tym zator to bardzo rzadkie, lecz znane powikłanie przezskórnej interwencji wieńcowej, które może się wiązać z poważnymi następstwami. Opisywano różne metody chirurgicznego usunięcia stentu z życiem rozmaitych narzędzi endoskopowych, w tym narzędzi z końcówką w postaci splątanego drutu, szczypczyków biopsyjnych i pętli. W niniejszej pracy przedstawiono przypadek skutecznej ewakuacji zdeformowanego stentu wieńcowego z pnia lewej tętnicy wieńcowej techniką trappingu

ADAPTIVE BLIND NOISE SUPPRESSION

Volume 1 Issue 6 (August 2013

Skuteczne usunięcie przemieszczonego prowadnika z końcówką w kształcie „J” za pomocą samodzielnie skonstruowanej pętli u 75-letniego pacjenta — bezpieczna i dostępna metoda

Since the first report of percutaneous retrieval of intravascular foreign body in 1964, it has been accepted as a favourite approach for intravascular foreign body removal. Snares, biopsy forceps, dormia basket or tip deflecting wires are available in the armamentarium for this approach. Herein, we report percutaneous retrieval of a dislodged J-tip guide-wire by self-constructed snare. A patient was a 75-year-old woman who was admitted with capture failure following post pacemaker implantation. J-tip guide-wire was inadvertently left in her inferior vena cava during temporary pacemaker insertion. The guide wire was approached through right subclavian vein by a self-constructed snare and it was removed without any complications. Use of snares for intravascular foreign body removal is frequently reported and has been successful with low complication rates; also, the low cost of such snares makes it safe and economical.Od publikacji pierwszego doniesienia o przezskórnym usunięciu śródnaczyniowego ciała obcego w 1964 roku metoda ta jest najczęściej wybieraną techniką w przypadku śródnaczyniowej lokalizacji ciała obcego. Dostępne instrumentarium do takich zabiegów obejmują pętle, kleszczyki biopsyjne, koszyki typu dormia oraz prowadniki z giętką końcówką. W niniejszej pracy opisano przezskórne usunięcie przemieszczonego prowadnika z końcówką w kształcie „J” za pomocą pętli własnej konstrukcji. Kobieta w wieku 75 lat została przyjęta do placówki medycznej po nieudanej próbie usunięcia ciała obcego pozostałego po wszczepieniu stymulatora serca. Podczas wprowadzania czasowego stymulatora przypadkowo pozostawiono prowadnik z końcówką w kształcie „J” w żyle głównej dolnej pacjentki. Prowadnik uchwycono za pomocą pętli własnej konstrukcji wprowadzonej przez prawą tętnicę podobojczykową, a następnie wydobyto bez powikłań. Dostępnych jest wiele publikacji opisujących wykorzystanie pętli do usuwania śródnaczyniowych ciał obcych jako metody skutecznej i cechującej się niskim odsetkiem powikłań. Niskie koszty tego rodzaju pętli sprawiają, że metoda ta jest nie tylko bezpieczna, ale i ekonomiczna

Percutaneous retrieval of a fractured multipurpose catheter by an indigenous snare in a 25-year-old patient: a safe and feasible approach

Since the first report of percutaneous retrieval of intravascular foreign body in 1964, it has become a favourite approach for intravascular foreign body removal. Snares, biopsy forceps, dormia basket or tip deflecting wires are available options for this approach. Herein, we report percutaneous retrieval a fractured multipurpose catheter by an indigenous snare in a 25-year-old patient. The patient was a 25-year-old male being admitted with ostium secundum atrial septal defect and catheterization study was planned for shunt quantification. During manipulation to right ventricular outflow tract, multipurpose catheter got broken approx. 4 cm. proximal to tip. The broken part was captured through right femoral vein by a self-constructed snare. While removal, it broke at tip of venous sheath. Smaller one was retrieved and bigger was recaptured and finally retrieved by exaggerating the curve of same snare without any complications. Use of snares for intravascular foreign body removal is frequently reported and has been successful with low complication rates.Since the first report of percutaneous retrieval of intravascular foreign body in 1964, it has become a favourite approach for intravascular foreign body removal. Snares, biopsy forceps, dormia basket or tip deflecting wires are available options for this approach. Herein, we report percutaneous retrieval a fractured multipurpose catheter by an indigenous snare in a 25-year-old patient. The patient was a 25-year-old male being admitted with ostium secundum atrial septal defect and catheterization study was planned for shunt quantification. During manipulation to right ventricular outflow tract, multipurpose catheter got broken approx. 4 cm. proximal to tip. The broken part was captured through right femoral vein by a self-constructed snare. While removal, it broke at tip of venous sheath. Smaller one was retrieved and bigger was recaptured and finally retrieved by exaggerating the curve of same snare without any complications. Use of snares for intravascular foreign body removal is frequently reported and has been successful with low complication rates

A Large-scale Analysis of the Marketplace Characteristics in Fiverr

Crowdsourcing platforms have become quite popular due to the increasing demand of human computation-based tasks. Though the crowdsourcing systems are primarily demand-driven like MTurk, supply-driven marketplaces are becoming increasingly popular. Fiverr is a fast growing supply-driven marketplace where the sellers post micro-tasks (gigs) and users purchase them for prices as low as $5. In this paper, we study the Fiverr platform as a unique marketplace and characterize the sellers, buyers and the interactions among them. We find that sellers are more appeasing in their interactions and try to woo their buyers into buying their gigs. There are many small tightly-knit communities existing in the seller-seller network who support each other. We also study Fiverr as a seller-driven marketplace in terms of sales, churn rates, competitiveness among various subcategories etc. and observe that while there are certain similarities with common marketplaces there are also many differences

Genetic divergence, path coefficient and cluster analysis of French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) genotypes

Thirty four pole type French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) genotypes were evaluated to assess their genetic variability to identify desirable ones for yield and quality traits. The genotypic variance was moderate to high for the all the 14 traits studied, which resulted in high heritability and moderate to high genetic advance values. Pod yield/plant was positively correlated with all traits except days to 50% flowering, pod diameter and vitamin C content. High heritability and genetic advance of leaf width, first flowering node, number of seeds/pod, number of pods per plant, average pod weight and dry matter content vis-a-vis their positive association and direct positive effect on pod yield per plant suggested for their improvement through simple selection method. All the French bean genotypes were grouped into five distinct clusters. An analysis of the percentage contribution of individual characters towards genetic diversity revealed that vitamin C content, number of pods/plant and dry matter content were the major characters contributing to genetic diversity in French bean. Based on the finding it can concluded that French bean genotypes exhibited a wide range of variability for most of the traits. Some genotypes possessed desirable genes for more than one characters, hence may be utilized directly or included in hybridization programme

Utilization of mechanical power and associations with clinical outcomes in brain injured patients: a secondary analysis of the extubation strategies in neuro-intensive care unit patients and associations with outcome (ENIO) trial

Background: There is insufficient evidence to guide ventilatory targets in acute brain injury (ABI). Recent studies have shown associations between mechanical power (MP) and mortality in critical care populations. We aimed to describe MP in ventilated patients with ABI, and evaluate associations between MP and clinical outcomes. Methods: In this preplanned, secondary analysis of a prospective, multi-center, observational cohort study (ENIO, NCT03400904), we included adult patients with ABI (Glasgow Coma Scale ≤ 12 before intubation) who required mechanical ventilation (MV) ≥ 24 h. Using multivariable log binomial regressions, we separately assessed associations between MP on hospital day (HD)1, HD3, HD7 and clinical outcomes: hospital mortality, need for reintubation, tracheostomy placement, and development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Results: We included 1217 patients (mean age 51.2 years [SD 18.1], 66% male, mean body mass index [BMI] 26.3 [SD 5.18]) hospitalized at 62 intensive care units in 18 countries. Hospital mortality was 11% (n = 139), 44% (n = 536) were extubated by HD7 of which 20% (107/536) required reintubation, 28% (n = 340) underwent tracheostomy placement, and 9% (n = 114) developed ARDS. The median MP on HD1, HD3, and HD7 was 11.9 J/min [IQR 9.2-15.1], 13 J/min [IQR 10-17], and 14 J/min [IQR 11-20], respectively. MP was overall higher in patients with ARDS, especially those with higher ARDS severity. After controlling for same-day pressure of arterial oxygen/fraction of inspired oxygen (P/F ratio), BMI, and neurological severity, MP at HD1, HD3, and HD7 was independently associated with hospital mortality, reintubation and tracheostomy placement. The adjusted relative risk (aRR) was greater at higher MP, and strongest for: mortality on HD1 (compared to the HD1 median MP 11.9 J/min, aRR at 17 J/min was 1.22, 95% CI 1.14-1.30) and HD3 (1.38, 95% CI 1.23-1.53), reintubation on HD1 (1.64; 95% CI 1.57-1.72), and tracheostomy on HD7 (1.53; 95%CI 1.18-1.99). MP was associated with the development of moderate-severe ARDS on HD1 (2.07; 95% CI 1.56-2.78) and HD3 (1.76; 95% CI 1.41-2.22). Conclusions: Exposure to high MP during the first week of MV is associated with poor clinical outcomes in ABI, independent of P/F ratio and neurological severity. Potential benefits of optimizing ventilator settings to limit MP warrant further investigation

Measuring routine childhood vaccination coverage in 204 countries and territories, 1980-2019 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2020, Release 1

Background Measuring routine childhood vaccination is crucial to inform global vaccine policies and programme implementation, and to track progress towards targets set by the Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP) and Immunization Agenda 2030. Robust estimates of routine vaccine coverage are needed to identify past successes and persistent vulnerabilities. Drawing from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2020, Release 1, we did a systematic analysis of global, regional, and national vaccine coverage trends using a statistical framework, by vaccine and over time. Methods For this analysis we collated 55 326 country-specific, cohort-specific, year-specific, vaccine-specific, and dosespecific observations of routine childhood vaccination coverage between 1980 and 2019. Using spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression, we produced location-specific and year-specific estimates of 11 routine childhood vaccine coverage indicators for 204 countries and territories from 1980 to 2019, adjusting for biases in countryreported data and reflecting reported stockouts and supply disruptions. We analysed global and regional trends in coverage and numbers of zero-dose children (defined as those who never received a diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis [DTP] vaccine dose), progress towards GVAP targets, and the relationship between vaccine coverage and sociodemographic development. Findings By 2019, global coverage of third-dose DTP (DTP3; 81.6% [95% uncertainty interval 80.4-82 .7]) more than doubled from levels estimated in 1980 (39.9% [37.5-42.1]), as did global coverage of the first-dose measles-containing vaccine (MCV1; from 38.5% [35.4-41.3] in 1980 to 83.6% [82.3-84.8] in 2019). Third- dose polio vaccine (Pol3) coverage also increased, from 42.6% (41.4-44.1) in 1980 to 79.8% (78.4-81.1) in 2019, and global coverage of newer vaccines increased rapidly between 2000 and 2019. The global number of zero-dose children fell by nearly 75% between 1980 and 2019, from 56.8 million (52.6-60. 9) to 14.5 million (13.4-15.9). However, over the past decade, global vaccine coverage broadly plateaued; 94 countries and territories recorded decreasing DTP3 coverage since 2010. Only 11 countries and territories were estimated to have reached the national GVAP target of at least 90% coverage for all assessed vaccines in 2019. Interpretation After achieving large gains in childhood vaccine coverage worldwide, in much of the world this progress was stalled or reversed from 2010 to 2019. These findings underscore the importance of revisiting routine immunisation strategies and programmatic approaches, recentring service delivery around equity and underserved populations. Strengthening vaccine data and monitoring systems is crucial to these pursuits, now and through to 2030, to ensure that all children have access to, and can benefit from, lifesaving vaccines. Copyright (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.Peer reviewe

The global burden of adolescent and young adult cancer in 2019 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

Background In estimating the global burden of cancer, adolescents and young adults with cancer are often overlooked, despite being a distinct subgroup with unique epidemiology, clinical care needs, and societal impact. Comprehensive estimates of the global cancer burden in adolescents and young adults (aged 15-39 years) are lacking. To address this gap, we analysed results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, with a focus on the outcome of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), to inform global cancer control measures in adolescents and young adults. Methods Using the GBD 2019 methodology, international mortality data were collected from vital registration systems, verbal autopsies, and population-based cancer registry inputs modelled with mortality-to-incidence ratios (MIRs). Incidence was computed with mortality estimates and corresponding MIRs. Prevalence estimates were calculated using modelled survival and multiplied by disability weights to obtain years lived with disability (YLDs). Years of life lost (YLLs) were calculated as age-specific cancer deaths multiplied by the standard life expectancy at the age of death. The main outcome was DALYs (the sum of YLLs and YLDs). Estimates were presented globally and by Socio-demographic Index (SDI) quintiles (countries ranked and divided into five equal SDI groups), and all estimates were presented with corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). For this analysis, we used the age range of 15-39 years to define adolescents and young adults. Findings There were 1.19 million (95% UI 1.11-1.28) incident cancer cases and 396 000 (370 000-425 000) deaths due to cancer among people aged 15-39 years worldwide in 2019. The highest age-standardised incidence rates occurred in high SDI (59.6 [54.5-65.7] per 100 000 person-years) and high-middle SDI countries (53.2 [48.8-57.9] per 100 000 person-years), while the highest age-standardised mortality rates were in low-middle SDI (14.2 [12.9-15.6] per 100 000 person-years) and middle SDI (13.6 [12.6-14.8] per 100 000 person-years) countries. In 2019, adolescent and young adult cancers contributed 23.5 million (21.9-25.2) DALYs to the global burden of disease, of which 2.7% (1.9-3.6) came from YLDs and 97.3% (96.4-98.1) from YLLs. Cancer was the fourth leading cause of death and tenth leading cause of DALYs in adolescents and young adults globally. Interpretation Adolescent and young adult cancers contributed substantially to the overall adolescent and young adult disease burden globally in 2019. These results provide new insights into the distribution and magnitude of the adolescent and young adult cancer burden around the world. With notable differences observed across SDI settings, these estimates can inform global and country-level cancer control efforts. Copyright (C) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.Peer reviewe