Financial repertoires in the making: Understanding the US dollar's popularization in Argentina

At the beginning of May 2018, after the FederalReserve Bank had announced an increase in thebenchmark interest rate, Argentina experienceda currency crisis that the central bank was unable to quell.As a result, the value of Argentina?s currency, the peso, fellnearly by 8 percent in one day against the US dollar, adevaluation noticeably higher than those experienced byother Latin American countries. For several days, in whathas become a regular event over thepast few decades, journalists eagerlydiscussed the peso dollar exchangerate, which also had a prominent placein the news. In one prime time current affairs program, a journalist observed that during the first week ofMay, 3 percent of Twitter exchanges inBuenos Aires had included the word dollar, a percentage equivalent to that of New York CityFil: Luzzi, Mariana Dora. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Wilkis, Ariel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Altos Estudios Sociales; Argentin

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Soybean, bricks, dollars, and the reality of money: Multiple monies during currency exchange restrictions in Argentina (2011–15)

This article aims to show that the properties of money are temporally and relationally contingent. Through the effects of the currency exchange restrictions implemented in Argentina in 2011–15, we develop this perspective to contribute to the understanding of the dynamics of currency pluralism. Based on a fieldwork conducted between 2014 and 2015 in the cities of Buenos Aires and Santa Fe, we describe uses and meanings of multiple currencies on two specific markets (real estate and soybean production). In these two cases, besides the long-term use of the US dollar for different transactions, the creation of new currencies relies on the definition of what is considered “real” in each universe (for instance, soy producers who take the “soybean” as the unit of account and store of value, or real estate developers who use “square meters” as a unit of account). The two cases we present here provide insight on the connections between dynamic currency pluralism, the temporality of transactions, and the experiences of money’s reality

El Dólar: Historia de una moneda argentina

En 2019 con Mauricio Macri como en 1955 con Juan Domingo Perón, en 1976 con ladictadura cívico-militar del Proceso como en 1989 o en 2001 con las presidenciasradicales de Raúl Alfonsín y Fernando de la Rúa, en cada punto de inflexión histórica en la Argentina reciente, el dólar y el mercado cambiario fueron jefes de campaña que sostuvieron a los oficialismos o fiscales que buscaron el triunfo de la oposición por las urnas o aun por las armas. Rehuyendo las explicaciones inmediatas de la política y de la economía, El Dólar, Historia de una moneda argentina nos ofrece una narrativa honda, circunstanciada, específica, rica en detalles y en consecuencias, sobre la popularización de la divisa norteamericana en las vidas de generaciones de argentinos y argentinas. Cómo la referencia al dólar y el acceso al mercado de cambios se volvieron un hecho y una práctica extendida y transversal a toda la sociedad argentina.Y cómo en el haber ganado tanta competencia a la hora de valerse de los dólares se halla una de las claves mayores de la preferencia argentina por la monedanorteamericana.En esta investigación que les demandó 4 años, los sociólogos Mariana Luzzi y Ariel Wilkis muestran la radiografía de las partes íntimas pero decisivas que operan en una anatomía y un comportamiento pasional y nacional. Desde los teatros de revistas en la calle Corrientes hasta las tapas y pantallas cotidianas de los medios y las redes, desde cada inversión hasta cada gasto, y desde cada decisión privada hasta cada elección presidencial, en la Argentina el dólar fue ganando familiaridad, comodidad y espacio en la cultura popular y en las conductas personales que después nunca cedió.Como demuestran los autores, las racionalizaciones políticas sobre el imperialismo norteamericano o economicistas sobre una huida al valor para ahorrar en tiempos de crisis, devaluación e inflación no alcanzan para explicar cómo en la Argentina el dólar ganó un lugar y un privilegio únicos.Fil: Luzzi, Mariana Dora. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento. Instituto de Ciencias. Área Sociología; ArgentinaFil: Wilkis, Ariel. Universidad Nacional de San Martín. Instituto de Altos Estudios Sociales; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Where Brain, Body and World Collide

The production cross section of electrons from semileptonic decays of beauty hadrons was measured at mid-rapidity (|y| < 0.8) in the transverse momentum range 1 < pt < 8 Gev/c with the ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC in pp collisions at a center of mass energy sqrt{s} = 7 TeV using an integrated luminosity of 2.2 nb^{-1}. Electrons from beauty hadron decays were selected based on the displacement of the decay vertex from the collision vertex. A perturbative QCD calculation agrees with the measurement within uncertainties. The data were extrapolated to the full phase space to determine the total cross section for the production of beauty quark-antiquark pairs

La Argentina en el siglo XXI : cómo somos, vivimos y convivimos en una sociedad desigual. Encuesta nacional sobre la estructura social

Este trabajo se basa en el análisis de los resultados de la Encuesta Nacional sobre la Estructura Social (ENES), realizada en el marco del Programa de Investigación sobre la Sociedad Argentina Contemporánea (Pisac). En él se recupera una valiosa tradición académica latinoamericana, en el sentido de dar visibilidad a los problemas de la exclusión, la marginalidad y las desigualdades no sólo con el fin de describirlos y explicarlos, sino también para poner en debate académico, social y político el alcance de las políticas de desarrollo vigentes. Más allá de que los datos generados, disponibles en acceso abierto, pueden servir para investigaciones muy variadas, desde un amplio abanico de enfoques teóricos, el sentido epistemológico, teórico y político de la información recogida se nutre de una perspectiva crítica de las actuales condiciones socioeconómicas estructurales que atraviesan a nuestra sociedad

Underlying Event measurements in pp collisions at root s=0.9 and 7 TeV with the ALICE experiment at the LHC

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)We present measurements of Underlying Event observables in pp collisions at root s = 0 : 9 and 7 TeV. The analysis is performed as a function of the highest charged-particle transverse momentum p(T),L-T in the event. Different regions are defined with respect to the azimuthal direction of the leading (highest transverse momentum) track: Toward, Transverse and Away. The Toward and Away regions collect the fragmentation products of the hardest partonic interaction. The Transverse region is expected to be most sensitive to the Underlying Event activity. The study is performed with charged particles above three different p(T) thresholds: 0.15, 0.5 and 1.0 GeV/c. In the Transverse region we observe an increase in the multiplicity of a factor 2-3 between the lower and higher collision energies, depending on the track p(T) threshold considered. Data are compared to PYTHIA 6.4, PYTHIA 8.1 and PHOJET. On average, all models considered underestimate the multiplicity and summed p(T) in the Transverse region by about 10-30%.7Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation from LisbonSwiss Fonds Kidagan, ArmeniaConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)Chinese Ministry of Education (CMOE)Ministry of Science and Technology of China (MSTC)Ministry of Education and Youth of the Czech RepublicDanish Natural Science Research CouncilCarlsberg FoundationDanish National Research FoundationEuropean Research Council under European CommunityHelsinki Institute of PhysicsAcademy of FinlandFrench CNRS-IN2P3Region Pays de LoireRegion AlsaceRegion AuvergneCEA, FranceGerman BMBFHelmholtz AssociationGeneral Secretariat for Research and Technology, Ministry of Development, GreeceHungarian OTKANational Office for Research and Technology (NKTH)Department of Atomic EnergyDepartment of Science and Technology of the Government of IndiaIstituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) of ItalyMEXT, JapanJoint Institute for Nuclear Research, DubnaNational Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)CONACYTDGAPA, MexicoALFA-ECHELEN Program (High-Energy physics Latin-American-European Network)Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM)Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), NetherlandsResearch Council of Norway (NFR)Polish Ministry of Science and Higher EducationNational Authority for Scientific Research - NASR (Autoritatea Nationala pentru Cercetare Stiintifica - ANCS)Federal Agency of Science of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russian FederationInternational Science and Technology Center, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federal Agency of Atomic EnergyRussian Federal Agency for Science and InnovationsCERN-INTASMinistry of Education of SlovakiaDepartment of Science and Technology, South AfricaCIEMATEELAMinisterio de Educacion y Ciencia of SpainXunta de Galicia (Conselleria de Educacion)CEADENCubaenergia, CubaIAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency)Swedish Reseach Council (VR)Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW)Ukraine Ministry of Education and ScienceUnited Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)The United States Department of EnergyUnited States National Science FoundationState of TexasState of OhioFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq