État de la recherche sur le « fait villageois » en Picardie méridionale. Nouvelles données et nouvelles perspectives

Les principaux constats soulignés dans l’article-bilan sur « les campagnes médiévales en Picardie : État de la question » publié par la Revue archéologique de Picardie (Blary et al., 2005) faisaient état d’un manque cruel de synthèses sur l’habitat rural et le « fait villageois », de sa plus simple expression à sa complexité environnementale. Il pointait du doigt le manque de synergie dans la recherche, la dichotomie entre le nombre de faits observés et celui des faits publiés, la faiblesse d..

Le voyage pathologique

LILLE2-BU Santé-Recherche (593502101) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

État de la recherche sur le « fait villageois » en Picardie méridionale Nouvelles données et nouvelles perspectives

International audienceLes principaux constats soulignés dans l’article- bilan sur « les campagnes médiévales en Picardie : État de la question » publié par la Revue archéologique de Picardie (Blary et al., 2005) faisaient état d’un manque cruel de synthèses sur l’habitat rural et le « fait villageois », de sa plus simple expression à sa complexité environnementale. Il pointait du doigt le manque de synergie dans la recherche,la dichotomie entre le nombre de faits observés et celui des faits publiés, la faiblesse des effectifs d’intervenants médiévistes et des moyens consacrés aux études. Cet article interpellait le lecteur sur l’absence de participation des archéologues régionaux sur la question relative à la « naissance du village ». Une des conclusions soulignait « le manque de programmes colle ifs » alors que « la documentation est abondante, de grande qualité, mais d’accès difficile » (ibid. p.237-238). La hausse des effectifs d’archéologues médiévistes ces dernières années au sein des équipes des acteurs régionaux de l’archéologie préventive et les récentes politiques d’aménagement des périphéries proches et centres- bourgs actuels ont fourni l’opportunité de constituer en janvier 2014 un axe de recherche collectif (ARC) intitulé « Habitats et territoires, occupations médiévales, Aisne-Oise », dont l’une des problématiques cible le concept « village ». L’équipe recense actuellement les données nouvelles (les opérations entre 2006 et 2014), pour les intégrer dans une base de données générale où figure déjà une partie des données d’avant 2005

Villages

Parallèlement aux définitions historiques et géographiques, l’archéologie pose pour toutes les périodes la question des modalités selon lesquelles les sociétés choisissent ou non de regrouper leurs habitats. Qu’est-ce qu’un village ? Comment se forme-t-il, évolue-t-il, disparaît-il ? Quels sont ses éléments constitutifs et comment se recoupent-ils (vocation, échange, structuration de l’espace, type de bâtiment…) ? De quel tout le village est-il une composante ? Along with historical and geographic definitions, archaeology poses for all periods the question of how do societies choose to group or not their habitats. What is a village? How does it shape itself, evolve or disappear? What are its constitutive elements and how do they overlap (vocation, exchange, structuration of space, type of buildings ...)? Of what whole is the village a component? Además de las definiciones históricas y geográficas, la arqueología plantea la cuestión de las formas en que las sociedades deciden agrupar sus asentamientos. ¿Qué es un pueblo? ¿Cómo se forma, evoluciona y desaparece? ¿Cuáles son sus elementos constitutivos y cómo se entrecruzan (vocación, intercambio, estructuración del espacio, tipo de edificio, etc.)? ¿De qué conjunto es el pueblo un componente

Psychiatric symptoms and mortality in older adults with major psychiatric disorders: results from a multicenter study

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A comprehensive model of predictors of quality of life in older adults with schizophrenia: results from the CSA study

International audienc

Effects of depression and cognitive impairment on quality of life in older adults with schizophrenia spectrum disorder: Results from a multicenter study

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Psychiatric and physical outcomes of long-term use of lithium in older adults with bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder: A cross-sectional multicenter study

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Late-onset and nonlate-onset schizophrenia: A comparison of clinical characteristics in a multicenter study

International audienceObjectives Data are scarce regarding the potential clinical differences between non-late onset schizophrenia (NLOS, i.e., disorder occurring before 40 years of age), late-onset schizophrenia (LOS, occurring between ages 40 and 60 years) and very-late-onset schizophrenia-like psychosis (VLOSLP, occurring after 60 years of age). Furthermore, previous research compared LOS patients with non-age matched NLOS patients. In this study, we sought to examine potential clinical differences between patients of similar age with LOS and NLOS. Methods/Design This is a cross-sectional multicentre study that recruited in- and outpatients older adults (aged >= 55 years) with an ICD-10 diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder with NLOS and LOS. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, comorbidity, psychotropic medications, quality of life, functioning, and mental health care utilization were drawn for comparison. Results Two hundred seventy-two participants (79.8%) had NLOS, 61 (17.9%) LOS, and 8 (2.3%) VLOSLP. LOS was significantly and independently associated with greater severity of emotional withdrawal and lower severity of depression (all p < 0.05). However, the magnitude of these associations was modest, with significant adjusted odds ratios ranging from 0.71 to 1.24, and there were no significant between-group differences in other characteristics. Conclusion In an age-matched multicenter sample of elderly patients with schizophrenia, older adults with LOS were largely similar to older adults with NLOS in terms of clinical characteristics. The few differences observed may be at least partially related to symptom fluctuation with time. Implications of these findings for pharmacological and nonpharmacological management is yet to be determined

COVID-19 outcomes in patients with inflammatory rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases treated with rituximab: a cohort study

International audienceBackground: Various observations have suggested that the course of COVID-19 might be less favourable in patients with inflammatory rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases receiving rituximab compared with those not receiving rituximab. We aimed to investigate whether treatment with rituximab is associated with severe COVID-19 outcomes in patients with inflammatory rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases.Methods: In this cohort study, we analysed data from the French RMD COVID-19 cohort, which included patients aged 18 years or older with inflammatory rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases and highly suspected or confirmed COVID-19. The primary endpoint was the severity of COVID-19 in patients treated with rituximab (rituximab group) compared with patients who did not receive rituximab (no rituximab group). Severe disease was defined as that requiring admission to an intensive care unit or leading to death. Secondary objectives were to analyse deaths and duration of hospital stay. The inverse probability of treatment weighting propensity score method was used to adjust for potential confounding factors (age, sex, arterial hypertension, diabetes, smoking status, body-mass index, interstitial lung disease, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, corticosteroid use, chronic renal failure, and the underlying disease [rheumatoid arthritis vs others]). Odds ratios and hazard ratios and their 95% CIs were calculated as effect size, by dividing the two population mean differences by their SD. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04353609.Findings: Between April 15, 2020, and Nov 20, 2020, data were collected for 1090 patients (mean age 55·2 years [SD 16·4]); 734 (67%) were female and 356 (33%) were male. Of the 1090 patients, 137 (13%) developed severe COVID-19 and 89 (8%) died. After adjusting for potential confounding factors, severe disease was observed more frequently (effect size 3·26, 95% CI 1·66-6·40, p=0·0006) and the duration of hospital stay was markedly longer (0·62, 0·46-0·85, p=0·0024) in the 63 patients in the rituximab group than in the 1027 patients in the no rituximab group. 13 (21%) of 63 patients in the rituximab group died compared with 76 (7%) of 1027 patients in the no rituximab group, but the adjusted risk of death was not significantly increased in the rituximab group (effect size 1·32, 95% CI 0·55-3·19, p=0·53).Interpretation: Rituximab therapy is associated with more severe COVID-19. Rituximab will have to be prescribed with particular caution in patients with inflammatory rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases