Breeze influence on waves and vertical current profile in the coastal area based on EOF analysis (Vilanova i la Geltrú, Barcelona)

This article presents some preliminary results on the breeze influence on waves and vertical current profiles during eleven months of data recorded by an Acoustic Wave and Current Profiler installed in the OBSEA platform in the coast of Vilanova i la Geltrú (NW Mediterranean). The collected data has been analyzed using Empirical Orthogonal Functions and spectral analysisPostprint (published version

La imagen y la narrativa herramientas para abordar psicosocialmente escenarios de violencia. En los Departamentos de Tolima, Huila y Caquetá

El presente documento se refiere a la ejecución del Diplomado de Profundización, que reconoce contextos reales, enfoques narrativos, mediante la observación y el análisis de los factores psicosociales acerca de cómo se vive el conflicto armado en Colombia. Se realizó un informe sobre el relato de Modesto Pacaya, desmovilizado de la guerrilla, quien nunca quiso ser parte de ellos, evidenciándose impactos psicosociales, por las experiencias traumáticas vividas, como separarse de su familia y estar desarrollando actividades fuera del margen de la ley al estar con este grupo subversivo, por lo tanto, se diseñaron preguntas circulares, reflexivas y estratégicas desde la perspectiva psicosocial. Igualmente se efectuó el estudio de caso de los habitantes de peñas coloradas, comunidad que se encuentra ubicada en el Caquetá al sur de Colombia, conformada por personas dedicadas a la agricultura, luego del tiempo vieron la opción de cultivar coca traída del Perú (coca pajarita) y con ella llego la guerrilla. Como el estado no sabía de su existencia solo al momento de solicitar la sustitución de la coca por cultivos agrícolas, éste, los acusó de ayudar con el grupo subversivo de las FARC, comenzando el terror, teniendo que salir de sus tierras; como futuros psicólogos se establecieron unas estrategias de intervención psicosocial que beneficien a dicha comunidad. Finalmente, se recopila la experiencia adquirida con la foto voz, donde se realizó una rápida lectura de varias situaciones que viven diferentes comunidades de las ciudades Neiva, Caquetá e Ibagué, destacando la actitud valiente, resiliente y empoderada de estas comunidades, la cual está plasmada en una Wix que hace parte de este trabajo.This document refers to the execution of the Diploma of Deepening, which recognizes real contexts, narrative approaches, through the observation and analysis of psychosocial factors about how the armed conflict is lived in Colombia. A report was made on the story of Modesto Pacaya, demobilized from the guerrillas, who never wanted to be part of them, evidencing psychosocial impacts, due to the traumatic experiences lived, such as separating from his family and being developing activities outside the margin of the law when being with this subversive group, therefore, circular questions were designed, reflective and strategic from the psychosocial perspective. Likewise, the case study of Peñas Coloradas, a community in the department of Caquetá, made up of people dedicated to agriculture, was carried out, after time they saw the option of growing coca brought from Peru (coca pajarita) and with it came the guerrillas. As the state did not know of its existence only at the time of requesting the replacement of coca by agricultural crops, it accused them of helping with the subversive group of the FARC, starting the terror, having to leave their lands; as future psychologists, psychosocial intervention strategies were established that benefit this community. Finally, the experience acquired with the photo voice is compiled, where a quick reading of several situations experienced by different communities in the cities of Neiva, Caquetá and Ibagué was carried out, highlighting the brave, resilient and empowered attitude of these communities, which is reflected in a Wix that is part of this work

Smoking Prevalence and Associated Factors During Pregnancy in Andalucía 2007-2012

Fundamentos: El tabaquismo durante la gestación constituye el principal problema prevenible de salud perinatal. El objetivo es establecer la prevalencia de tabaquismo de las mujeres gestantes en distintos momentos del embarazo así como explorar factores asociados al mismo. Métodos: Estudio transversal. La población diana fueron las mujeres cuyo control de embarazo se realizaba en centros de salud públicos. Muestra aleatoria representativa de 40 centros estratificados según número de embarazos. Participaron 1.813 mujeres seleccionadas en 3 muestras independientes (inicio y final del embarazo y posparto). La exposición se midió mediante cotinina en orina, autodeclaración y monóxido de carbono. Se registraron variables sociodemográficas, de tabaquismo y clínico-obstétricas. Se realizó una regresión logística para identificar los factores asociados al tabaquismo. Resultados: La prevalencia media fue 21,6%, menor al final del embarazo (15,6%) y en el puerperio (16,7%) y mayor en el principio del embarazo (30,3%). Las mujeres fumadoras diarias pasaron del 56,3% antes del embarazo al 14% al final (autodeclaración). El 21,8% de los abandonos se produjo antes del embarazo y el 23,6% cuando las mujeres supieron que estaban embarazadas. La ocultación del consumo fue 19,6% . Fueron factores asociados ser joven (OR: 0,956; IC: 0,92-0,99), estar expuesta al tabaco en el hogar (OR: 3,48; IC: 2,6-4,7), consumo pregestacional alto (6-10 OR: 13,1 IC: 3-56,9; >10 OR: 25,1 IC: 5,8-109,6), mayor edad gestacional en la medición (al final OR: 0,5 IC: 0,4-0,8; posparto inmediato OR: 0,4 IC: 0,3-0,6) y menor nivel de estudios (sin estudios y primer grado comparadas con universitarias OR: 1,98; IC: 1,22-3,22). Conclusiones: El perfil de la mujer gestante fumadora es el de una mujer joven con bajo nivel educativo, expuesta al humo de tabaco en el hogar y con alto consumo pregestacional.Background: Smoking during pregnancy is the most important preventable perinatal health problem. The aim of this research is to determine smoking prevalence in pregnant women at different times of pregnancy in Andalucía, using biochemical validation methods and to explore factors associated with it. Methods: Cross-sectional study. The study population was pregnant women followed in andalusian public health centers. A random sample of 40 health centers, stratified by number of pregnancies was collected, with 1813 pregnant enrolled in 3 independent samples (beginning and end of pregnancy, postpartum). The smoke exposure was measured by urinary cotinine, self-report and carbon monoxide in exhaled air. Control variables were socio-demographic, obstetric and related to smoking habit. A logistic regression was performed to explore factors associated with pregnancy smoking. Results: The mean prevalence in the whole sample was 21.6%, which was lower at the end of pregnancy (15.6%) and postpartum (16.7%) than at the beginning (30.3%). Daily smokers fell from 56.3% before pregnancy to 14% at the end (according to selfreport). Most of the quitters gave up before pregnancy (21.8%) or when they noticed they were pregnant (23.6%). Deception rate was 19.6%, varying according to gestational age and the amount of tobacco consumed. Younger age (OR: 0.956, CI 0.92-0.99), be exposed to second hand smoke at home (OR: 3.48, CI 2.6 to 4.7), a higher level of consumption before pregnancy (6-10 OR 13.1 CI 3 to 56.9,> 10 OR 25.1 CI 5.8 to 109.6), greater gestational age at measurement (end OR: 0.5 CI: 0.4-0.8; immediate postpartum OR 0.4 CI 0.3-0.6) and lower educational level (no education and first grade compared to university OR: 1.98, CI 1.22 to 3.22) were identified as factors associated. Conclusion: Consumption variations with gestational age compel to indicate the time of measurement in prevalence studies. The profile of the pregnant smoker was being young, poorly educated, exposed to tobacco smoke at home and with a previous history of heavy smoking.Proyecto financiado por la Consejería de Salud de la Junta de Andalucía: Subvenciones para la financiación de proyectos de investigación en Ciencias de la Salud en el ámbito de la Comunidad Autónoma de Andalucía según resolución de 27 de diciembre de 2004. Expediente 284/04

Modelling the spatial risk of malaria through probability distribution of Anopheles maculipennis s.l. and imported cases

Malaria remains one of the most important infectious diseases globally due to its high incidence and mortality rates. The influx of infected cases from endemic to non-endemic malaria regions like Europe has resulted in a public health concern over sporadic local outbreaks. This is facilitated by the continued presence of competent Anopheles vectors in non-endemic countries. We modelled the potential distribution of the main malaria vector across Spain using the ensemble of eight modelling techniques based on environmental parameters and the Anopheles maculipennis s.l. presence/absence data collected from 2000 to 2020. We then combined this map with the number of imported malaria cases in each municipality to detect the geographic hot spots with a higher risk of local malaria transmission. The malaria vector occurred preferentially in irrigated lands characterized by warm climate conditions and moderate annual precipitation. Some areas surrounding irrigated lands in northern Spain (e.g. Zaragoza, Logroño), mainland areas (e.g. Madrid, Toledo) and in the South (e.g. Huelva), presented a significant likelihood of A. maculipennis s.l. occurrence, with a large overlap with the presence of imported cases of malaria. While the risk of malaria re-emergence in Spain is low, it is not evenly distributed throughout the country. The four recorded local cases of mosquito-borne transmission occurred in areas with a high overlap of imported cases and mosquito presence. Integrating mosquito distribution with human incidence cases provides an effective tool for the quantification of large-scale geographic variation in transmission risk and pinpointing priority areas for targeted surveillance and prevention

Terpenoid biotransformations by Mucor species

Terpenoids are natural products of great interest due to their widespread use in agrochemicals, drugs, fragrances, flavouring and pigments. Biocatalysts are increasingly being used in the search for new derivatives with improved properties especially to obtain structurally novel leads for new drugs which are difficult to obtain using conventional organic chemical methods. This review, covering up to the end of 2012, reports on the application of Mucor species as catalysts in terpenoid biotransformation to obtain new drug targets, enhance pharmacological activity or decrease the unwanted effects of starting material

Emerging trends in reassessing translation, conflict, and memory

New Approaches on Translation, Conflict, and Memory: Narratives of the Spanish Civil War and the Dictatorship is a collection of essays that endeavours to establish a new dialogue between translation, conflict, and memory studies. Focusing on cultural representations of the Spanish Civil War and the Franco Dictatorship, it explores the significance and the effect of translation within Spain and beyond. Drawing on fictional and non-fictional texts, reports from war zones, and audiovisual productions, the contributors to this volume examine the scope of translation in transmitting the conflict and the dictatorship from a contemporary perspective. Narratives produced during and after the Civil War and the dictatorship both in Spain and abroad have led to new debates arising from the reassessment of a conflict that continues to resonate

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality