807 research outputs found

    Disorder-free localisation in permutation symmetric fermionic quantum walks

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    We investigate the phenomenon of disorder-free localisation in a quantum system with a global permutation symmetry and the exchange symmetry for identical particles. We start with a systematic construction of many-fermion Hamiltonians with a global permutation symmetry using the conjugacy classes of the permutation group SNS_N, with NN being the total number of fermions. The resulting Hamiltonians are interpreted as generators of continuous-time quantum walk of indistinguishable fermions. In this setup we analytically solve the simplest example and show that for large NN all the states are localised without the introduction of any disorder coefficients. The localisation is also time-independent and is not the result of any emergent disorder. This seems to be an important distinction from other mechanisms of disorder-free localisation. Furthermore, we show that the localisation is stable to interactions that preserve the global SNS_N symmetry making these systems potential candidates for a quantum memory. By marking sites and reducing the symmetry to subgroups of SNS_N, the localisation can be obtained for any NN by tuning the symmetry-reducing parameters in the Hamiltonian. Finally we show that similar localisation also occurs for spin systems governed by a SNS_N-symmetric Heisenberg chain and we make a few comments about SNS_N-symmetric bosonic systems. The models we propose feature all-to-all connectivity and can be realised on superconducting quantum circuits and trapped ion systems.Comment: 24 pages, 2 figures ; v2- 27 pages, 2 figures, slight modifications in the abstract and introductio

    Global Health Teaching in India: A Curricular Landscape

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    Today, health has transcended national boundaries and become more multifaceted. Global health has evolved as a new paradigm and is recently being identified as a thrust area now in India. Despite an existing need for a standardized global health curriculum, there is little information available on its education and curriculum in medical and health education space. In the Indian context, we are yet to have a fuller picture of the current status, including, content, structure, selection, teaching methods of global health, and how students are evaluated in India. The objective of this study was to map courses relating to studies on global health in India and analyze its mode of delivery. A detailed Internet search was carried out to identify global health courses and analyzed for: (i) whether global health is a part of the teaching curriculum, (ii) mode of teaching, (iii) broad contents, (iv) instructional formats, (v) assessment, and (vi) selection process. It was found that delivery of global health education in India was fragmented with limited focus at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels. Global health teaching was largely based on certificate courses or online courses, with hardly any institutions imparting a distinct global health education program. There is also no definite specification as to which institutes can impart teaching on global health education and what the specific eligibility requirements are. Our analysis suggests that efforts should be directed toward integrating global health education into broader public health curriculum. At the same time, the need for generation of global health leaders, creation of a common forum for addressing merits and demerits of global health issues, as well as creation of more opportunities for placements are recognized

    Production of He-4 and (4) in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV at the LHC

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    Results on the production of He-4 and (4) nuclei in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S = 2.76 TeV in the rapidity range vertical bar y vertical bar <1, using the ALICE detector, are presented in this paper. The rapidity densities corresponding to 0-10% central events are found to be dN/dy4(He) = (0.8 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.3 (syst)) x 10(-6) and dN/dy4 = (1.1 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.2 (syst)) x 10(-6), respectively. This is in agreement with the statistical thermal model expectation assuming the same chemical freeze-out temperature (T-chem = 156 MeV) as for light hadrons. The measured ratio of (4)/He-4 is 1.4 +/- 0.8 (stat) +/- 0.5 (syst). (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

    Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density

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    Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals &lt;1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data

    Ocular Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (A Multisystem Involvement of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis)

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    A 2 year old boy was referred from paediatrics OPD to Eye OPD with chief complaint of Multiple conjunctival cyst since 15 days. The patient had a prior history of recurrent chest infections. Requiring hospitalisation since 7 months of age. Upon visual acuity examination, the patient seemed to follow light.Fundus examination of both eyes were within normal limits.H&amp; E sections of the lesions showed collection of histiocytes typical of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis.Patient was treated with multiple cycles of Vinblastine and predinisolone as per LCH 3 guidelines. Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), the most common histiocytic disorder in children. LCH lesions are granulomatous lesions consisting of pathologic “Langerhans cells” (LCs), lymphocytes (primarily T-cells), eosinophils, and macrophages. The incidence of LCH is estimated to be around 5–10 cases per million children per year and 1–2 cases per million adults per year with a male is to female ratio 1.2:1.Its pathology is ‘Misguided Myeloid Differentiation’ where state of differentiation of myeloid precursor in which activating MAPK mutation arises determines the extent and severity of disease[1]. The current standard of care for initial therapy is vinblastine/prednisone for one year

    Selector genes display tumor cooperation and inhibition in Drosophila epithelium in a developmental context-dependent manner

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    During animal development, selector genes determine identities of body segments and those of individual organs. Selector genes are also misexpressed in cancers, although their contributions to tumor progression per se remain poorly understood. Using a model of cooperative tumorigenesis, we show that gain of selector genes results in tumor cooperation, but in only select developmental domains of the wing, haltere and eye-antennal imaginal discs of Drosophila larva. Thus, the field selector, Eyeless (Ey), and the segment selector, Ultrabithorax (Ubx), readily cooperate to bring about neoplastic transformation of cells displaying somatic loss of the tumor suppressor, Lgl, but in only those developmental domains that express the homeo-box protein, Homothorax (Hth), and/or the Zinc-finger protein, Teashirt (Tsh). In non-Hth/Tsh-expressing domains of these imaginal discs, however, gain of Ey in lgl− somatic clones induces neoplastic transformation in the distal wing disc and haltere, but not in the eye imaginal disc. Likewise, gain of Ubx in lgl− somatic clones induces transformation in the eye imaginal disc but not in its endogenous domain, namely, the haltere imaginal disc. Our results reveal that selector genes could behave as tumor drivers or inhibitors depending on the tissue contexts of their gains
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