Social representations of the Doce River and its floodings in Governador Valadares/Brazil

As enchentes regulares do Rio Doce geram grandes transtornos aos moradores de Governador Valadares, expondo-os a riscos epidemiológicos devido ao elevado índice de poluição hídrica. Os modos de vidas e práticas culturais das pessoas que vivem às margens de um rio são criados e recriados por meio das suas vivências, sentidos e representações sociais. Assim, este estudo pretende caracterizar as representações sociais dos moradores de Governador Valadares sobre o Rio Doce e suas enchentes, que foram afetados ou não por elas. Utilizou-se a associação livre de palavras com justificativa das respostas para levantar as representações de 268 residentes de Governador Valadares em relação ao Rio Doce e as suas enchentes. As representações sociais dos dois grupos foram comparadas. Este estudo fundamenta-se na teoria das representações sociais, nomeadamente a teoria do núcleo central, que contém uma abordagem metodológica múltipla que associa aspectos qualitativos e quantitativos no levantamento e análise dos dados. Os dados analisados pelo software Ensemble de Programmes Permettant l’Analyse des Évocations (Evoc) geraram os quadros de quatro casas. Os moradores afetados ou não pelas enchentes representam o Rio Doce como um rio poluído, sendo a poluição o núcleo central. A perda é o provável núcleo central da palavra “enchente” evocada pelas pessoas que moram em Governador Valadares, afetadas ou não pela enchente. Os núcleos centrais “poluição” para o Rio Doce e “perda” para enchente entre os moradores afetados e os não afetados mostraram que houve homogeneidade de pensamento representacional entre os dois grupos. O Rio Doce e suas enchentes geraram representações sociais, pois são objetos que incomodam os cidadãos de Governador Valadares. Os mecanismos de adaptação a cada nova enchente e a resiliências daqueles que experimentaram as diversas enchentes atuais poderão ser entendidos a partir de experiências daqueles que sofreram o evento. The regular floods of the Rio Doce poses great inconveniences to the residents of Governador Valadares, exposing them to epidemiological risks due to the pollution in the river water. The livelihoods and cultural practices of people living on the banks of a river are created and recreated through their experiences, senses, and social representations. Thus this study characterizes the social representations of the residents of Governador Valadares that were affected or not by the Rio Doce floods. The free association of words technique with answers justification was used to raise the representations of 268 residents of Governador Valadares in relation to Rio Doce and its floods. The social representations of the two groups were compared. This study is based on the theory of social representations, namely the central core theory, which contains a multiple methodological approach that associates qualitative and quantitative aspects in the collection and analysis of data. The data analyzed by the software Ensemble of Programs Permettant l'Analyze des Évocations (EVOC) were classified in four quadrants. Residents affected or not by the floods signify the Rio Doce as a polluted river, with pollution being the central nucleus. The "loss" is the probable central nucleus of the word Flood evoked by people living in Governador Valadares, affected or not by the flood. Central nuclei pollution of the Rio Doce and loss due to flood between affected and non-affected residents suggests that there is some degree of homogeneity in the representational thinking between the two groups. The Rio Doce and its floods were expressions able to yield social representations, because they are intimate objects to the citizens of Governador Valadares, evoking positive and negative feelings and meanings around them. The mechanisms of adaptation to each new flood and the resilience of those who have experienced the various current floods can be understood from the experiences of those who have suffered the event

Caderno de pós-graduação em direito: crimes digitais

Os trabalhos científicos ora apresentados são fruto da disciplina “Crimes Digitais”, ministrada no quarto bimestre de 2022 pelo Professor Pedro Rocha Amorim. No período letivo foram, para além da teoria jurídica dos crimes digitais e de seus aspectos relacionados à prática jurisprudencial, analisadas situações complexas sob o prisma constitucional, penal e processual penal. Foram selecionados quatro trabalhos correlatos a temas estudados durante o bimestre, de autoria das discentes Caroline Rabelo Corrêa, Deivinson Alves Lopes, Gabriela Freire Martins e Rafael Vieira Lopes

A comprehensive assessment of the transcriptome of cork oak (Quercus suber) through EST sequencing

Background: Cork oak (Quercus suber) is one of the rare trees with the ability to produce cork, a material widely used to make wine bottle stoppers, flooring and insulation materials, among many other uses. The molecular mechanisms of cork formation are still poorly understood, in great part due to the difficulty in studying a species with a long life-cycle and for which there is scarce molecular/genomic information. Cork oak forests are of great ecological importance and represent a major economic and social resource in Southern Europe and Northern Africa. However, global warming is threatening the cork oak forests by imposing thermal, hydric and many types of novel biotic stresses. Despite the economic and social value of the Q. suber species, few genomic resources have been developed, useful for biotechnological applications and improved forest management. Results: We generated in excess of 7 million sequence reads, by pyrosequencing 21 normalized cDNA libraries derived from multiple Q. suber tissues and organs, developmental stages and physiological conditions. We deployed a stringent sequence processing and assembly pipeline that resulted in the identification of ~159,000 unigenes. These were annotated according to their similarity to known plant genes, to known Interpro domains, GO classes and E.C. numbers. The phylogenetic extent of this ESTs set was investigated, and we found that cork oak revealed a significant new gene space that is not covered by other model species or EST sequencing projects. The raw data, as well as the full annotated assembly, are now available to the community in a dedicated web portal at http://www.corkoakdb.org. Conclusions: This genomic resource represents the first trancriptome study in a cork producing species. It can be explored to develop new tools and approaches to understand stress responses and developmental processes in forest trees, as well as the molecular cascades underlying cork differentiation and disease response.Peer Reviewe

Núcleos de Ensino da Unesp: artigos 2010: volume 2: formação de professores

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

Characterisation of microbial attack on archaeological bone

As part of an EU funded project to investigate the factors influencing bone preservation in the archaeological record, more than 250 bones from 41 archaeological sites in five countries spanning four climatic regions were studied for diagenetic alteration. Sites were selected to cover a range of environmental conditions and archaeological contexts. Microscopic and physical (mercury intrusion porosimetry) analyses of these bones revealed that the majority (68%) had suffered microbial attack. Furthermore, significant differences were found between animal and human bone in both the state of preservation and the type of microbial attack present. These differences in preservation might result from differences in early taphonomy of the bones. © 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved

NEOTROPICAL ALIEN MAMMALS: a data set of occurrence and abundance of alien mammals in the Neotropics

Biological invasion is one of the main threats to native biodiversity. For a species to become invasive, it must be voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into a nonnative habitat. Mammals were among first taxa to be introduced worldwide for game, meat, and labor, yet the number of species introduced in the Neotropics remains unknown. In this data set, we make available occurrence and abundance data on mammal species that (1) transposed a geographical barrier and (2) were voluntarily or involuntarily introduced by humans into the Neotropics. Our data set is composed of 73,738 historical and current georeferenced records on alien mammal species of which around 96% correspond to occurrence data on 77 species belonging to eight orders and 26 families. Data cover 26 continental countries in the Neotropics, ranging from Mexico and its frontier regions (southern Florida and coastal-central Florida in the southeast United States) to Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay, and the 13 countries of Caribbean islands. Our data set also includes neotropical species (e.g., Callithrix sp., Myocastor coypus, Nasua nasua) considered alien in particular areas of Neotropics. The most numerous species in terms of records are from Bos sp. (n = 37,782), Sus scrofa (n = 6,730), and Canis familiaris (n = 10,084); 17 species were represented by only one record (e.g., Syncerus caffer, Cervus timorensis, Cervus unicolor, Canis latrans). Primates have the highest number of species in the data set (n = 20 species), partly because of uncertainties regarding taxonomic identification of the genera Callithrix, which includes the species Callithrix aurita, Callithrix flaviceps, Callithrix geoffroyi, Callithrix jacchus, Callithrix kuhlii, Callithrix penicillata, and their hybrids. This unique data set will be a valuable source of information on invasion risk assessments, biodiversity redistribution and conservation-related research. There are no copyright restrictions. Please cite this data paper when using the data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us on how they are using the data