Halogenated Indole Alkaloids from Marine Invertebrates

This review discusses the isolation, structural elucidation, and biological activities of halogenated indole alkaloids obtained from marine invertebrates. Meridianins and related compounds (variolins, psammopemmins, and aplicyanins), as well as aplysinopsins and leptoclinidamines, are focused on. A compilation of the 13C-NMR spectral data of these selected natural indole alkaloids is also provided

Kinase Inhibitors from Marine Sponges

Protein kinases play a critical role in cell regulation and their deregulation is a contributing factor in an increasing list of diseases including cancer. Marine sponges have yielded over 70 novel compounds to date that exhibit significant inhibitory activity towards a range of protein kinases. These compounds, which belong to diverse structural classes, are reviewed herein, and ordered based upon the kinase that they inhibit. Relevant synthetic studies on the marine natural product kinase inhibitors have also been included

Variolins and related alkaloids

Variolin B, a novel marine alkaloid that was isolated from the rare and difficult-to-access, Antarctic sponge Kirkpatrickia varialosa by the group of Blunt and Munro, is a cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK). despite their modest size, the variolins presented a challenge in their structural elucidation because of the presence of several ring-nitrogen atoms and relatively few hydrogen atoms in the structure. Hernandez Franco and Palermo reported the isolation of five 3-(2-aminopyrimidine)indoles, which were named meridianins A-E from the tunicate Apidium meridianum which has been collected at a depth of 100 m near the South Georgia Islands. The aplicyanin family was isolated from the Antarctic tunicate Aplidium cyaneum and consists of six variants on a core 3-(tetrahydropyrimidyl) indole structure. Kuhn and co-workers used their modeling software SLIDE to identify variolin B as the top candidate for the inhibition of the AsnRS found in Brugia malayi.Scott R. Walker, Erin J. Carter, Belinda C. Huff, and Jonathan C. Morri