The First Record of Calvolia summersi (Mostafa, 1970) (Acari: Winterschmidtiidae) from the Oriental Region and a new record of host association with Xylocopa (Ctenoxylocopa) fenestrata (Fabricius, 1798) with a review on Xylocopa-mite associations in India

Mites have long been associated with bees, often showing a close relationship with particular taxa, probably due to a co-evolutionary process. The present study is the first confirmation on the occurrence of the mite species Calvolia summersi (Mostafa, 1970) in India and its association with Xylocopa fenestrata (Fabricius, 1798), a large carpenter bee species. The mite species was previously reported from Brazil in association with Zethus, a neotropical potter wasp genus. C. summersi is isolated and studied from different populations of X. fenestrata in Sagar Islands, West Bengal, the biggest island of mangrove Sundarban deltaic complex. A literature-based review of the Xylocopa-mite associations from India is provided herewith to understand the diversity and pattern of mite species on Xylocopa host selection in the country. Instigating a baseline study of Xylocopa-mite association is recommended to demark the status of dynamism for better conservation and protection

Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research

Tenuipalpus leptadeniaei Mohanasundaram 1995

Tenuipalpus leptadeniaei Mohanasundaram, 1995 Material examined — 2♀, Digha [21.6266° N, 87.5074° E], East Midnapore, West Bengal on Leptadenia reticulata (Retz.) Wight and Arn. 19 May 2017, coll. Subhasree Mitra. Distribution — India.Published as part of Mitra, Subhasree, Acharya, Shelley & Ghosh, Sujay, 2018, New records of flat mites (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) from India, pp. 850-854 in Acarologia 58 (4) on page 853, DOI: 10.24349/acarologia/20184291, http://zenodo.org/record/539786

Phintelloides singhi Caleb & Acharya 2020

<i>Phintelloides singhi</i> (Monga, Singh & Sadana, 1989) comb. nov. <p> <i>Marpissa singhi</i> Monga, Singh & Sadana, 1989: 592, figs 1-2.</p> <p> <b>Remarks:</b> This species was described from the female holotype from the Kalesar Reserve forest in the Haryana State. Though the authors mentioned that the type specimen will be deposited in NZC-ZSI, it has not yet arrived there and therefore is not yet available for re-examination. Since the original description and illustrations are poor, details of genital morphology remain unknown. The identity of this species thus remains unclear until further conspecific specimens are collected at the type locality. This species does not belong in <i>Marpissa</i> since no true <i>Marpissa</i> is yet reported in India. Therefore, a provisional placement in <i>Phintella</i> C.L. Koch, 1846, based on the general body form and genital morphology, was recently proposed by Prószyński & Caleb (2015). The species, however, more closely resembles members of the genus <i>Phintelloides.</i> The abdomen is devoid of any stripe or pattern like in <i>P. flavoviri</i> Kanesharatnam & Benjamin, 2019 and <i>P. orbisa</i> Kanesharatnam & Benjamin, 2019, and the epigyne moreover strongly resembles that of <i>P. orbisa</i> (Monga, Singh & Sadana, 1989: figs 1, 2 cf. Kanesharatnam & Benjamin, 2019: figs 12A, E, G, 13A). It is therefore reasonable to transfer the species to <i>Phintelloides.</i></p>Published as part of <i>Caleb, John T. D. & Acharya, Shelley, 2020, Jumping spiders of the genus Phintelloides from India, with the description of a new species (Araneae: Salticidae: Chrysillini), pp. 95-100 in Revue suisse de Zoologie 127 (1)</i> on page 96, DOI: 10.35929/RSZ.0009, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5743611">http://zenodo.org/record/5743611</a&gt

Brevipalpus melichrus Pritchard & Baker 1952

Brevipalpus melichrus Pritchard & Baker, 1952 Material examined — 5♀ and 2♂, Jayrambati [22.9253°N, 87.6149°E], Bankura, West Bengal on Nyctanthes arbor-tristis L. 1 June 2015, coll. Subhasree Mitra. 3♀ and 1♂, Kamarpukur [22.8976°N, 87.6556°E], Bankura, West Bengal on Ocimum tenuiflorum L. 2 June 2015, coll. Subhasree Mitra. Distribution — California, India. Remarks — New record from India.Published as part of Mitra, Subhasree, Acharya, Shelley & Ghosh, Sujay, 2018, New records of flat mites (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) from India, pp. 850-854 in Acarologia 58 (4) on page 851, DOI: 10.24349/acarologia/20184291, http://zenodo.org/record/539786

Phintelloides manipur Caleb & Acharya 2020, sp. nov.

<i>Phintelloides manipur</i> Caleb sp. nov. <p>Figs 1-8</p> <p> <b>Type material:</b> NZC-ZSI 6944/18; male holotype; India, Manipur, exact locality and collector unknown (specimen found along with other spider specimens in the Manipur State survey collections without any specific label).</p> <p> <b>Etymology:</b> The species is named after the Indian state of Manipur where the holotype was collected. The epithet is a noun in apposition.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis:</b> This species is similar to other congeners in its general morphology and color pattern but can be clearly distinguished by the morphology of its male copulatory organs: the palp with a shorter embolus (comparably shorter than in other congeners but longer than in <i>P. versicolor</i>) and an elongated ALT, reaching past the distal margin of the tegulum (Figs 5-8). The palp is similar to that of <i>P. brunne</i> Kanesharatnam & Benjamin, 2019 but can be differentiated by the presence of a TB and by the RTA tip being gently curved (TB absent and hook-shaped RTA in <i>P. brunne</i>).</p> <p> <b>Description:</b> <i>Male holotype.</i> Total length 4.48; carapace 1.92 long, 1.56 wide; abdomen 2.56 long, 1.10 wide. Carapace brown, clothed with a small patch of whitish setae between and behind AMEs. Lateral margins of carapace each covered with a broad band of white hairs. Posterior eyes surrounded by black patches (Fig. 1). AMEs lined by dense short fringe of orange setae anteriorly; clypeus brownish, with a small patch of white scales in the middle (Fig. 2). Eye measurements: AME 0.45, ALE 0.22, PME 0.05, PLE 0.21, AER 1.31, PER 1.23, EFL 0.94. Clypeus height 0.18. Sternum yellowish. Chelicerae reddish brown, with two teeth on promargin and one tooth on retromargin; labium and maxillae yellowish brown (Fig. 3). Leg I more robust than other legs and dark brown. Legs II to IV brownish yellow (Fig. 1). Leg measurements: I 4.72 (1.37, 0.76, 1.07, 1.01, 0.51); II 3.60 (1.08, 0.57, 0.72, 0.83, 0.40); III 4.34 (1.32, 0.58, 0.87, 1.07, 0.50); IV 4.70 (1.45, 0.57, 0.99, 1.14, 0.55). Leg formula: 1432. Spination of legs: femora I 0700, II 0900, III 0900, IV 0700; patellae I-IV 0010; tibiae I 2036, II 2036, III 3034, IV 3034; metatarsi I 1014, II 2024, III 2024, IV 2024; tarsi I-IV 0000. Abdomen long and narrow, yellowish, with a brownish median band fading posteriorly; venter yellowish, with mid-longitudinal discontinuous brown band. Spinnerets brownish yellow (Fig. 1). Palps yellowish brown, covered with pale hairs. Embolus slender, medium-sized, wavy, bent at the tip and pointing retrolaterad; apical portion of bulbus extending beyond distal margin of tegulum. Bulbus longer than wide. Broad sperm duct visible in distal portion of tegulum. Tegulum with small posterior lobe and tegular bump. RTA broad at base, tapering toward tip, gently curving ventrad (Figs 4-8).</p> <p> <i>Female.</i> Unknown.</p> <p> <b>Distribution:</b> India (Manipur) (Fig. 9).</p>Published as part of <i>Caleb, John T. D. & Acharya, Shelley, 2020, Jumping spiders of the genus Phintelloides from India, with the description of a new species (Araneae: Salticidae: Chrysillini), pp. 95-100 in Revue suisse de Zoologie 127 (1)</i> on pages 95-96, DOI: 10.35929/RSZ.0009, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/5743611">http://zenodo.org/record/5743611</a&gt

Brevipalpus californicus

Brevipalpus californicus (Banks, 1904) Material examined — 7♀ and 3♂, Sonarpur [22.4491° N, 88.3915° E], South 24 Parganas, West Bengal on Nerium oleander L. 11 April 2015, coll. Subhasree Mitra. 4♀, Duttapukur [22.7712° N, 88.5444° E], North 24 Parganas, West Bengal on Carica papaya L. 31 August 2015, coll. Subhasree Mitra. 3♀ and 1♂, Kulpi [22.0815° N, 88.2449° E], South 24 Parganas, West Bengal on Alstonia scholaris (L.) R. Br. 16 March 2016, coll. Subhasree Mitra. 3♀ and 2♂, Taki [22.5864° N, 88.9079° E], North 24 Parganas, West Bengal on Jasminum grandiflorum L. 24 October 2017, coll. Subhasree Mitra. Distribution — California, India, Pakistan.Published as part of Mitra, Subhasree, Acharya, Shelley & Ghosh, Sujay, 2018, New records of flat mites (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) from India, pp. 850-854 in Acarologia 58 (4) on page 851, DOI: 10.24349/acarologia/20184291, http://zenodo.org/record/539786

Tenuipalpus bassaie Mohanasundaram 1988

Tenuipalpus bassaie Mohanasundaram, 1988 Material examined — 3♀ and 1♂, Narendrapur [22.4391°N, 88.3968°E], South 24 Parganas, West Bengal on Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. 13 February 2016, coll. Subhasree Mitra. Distribution — India.Published as part of Mitra, Subhasree, Acharya, Shelley & Ghosh, Sujay, 2018, New records of flat mites (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) from India, pp. 850-854 in Acarologia 58 (4) on page 853, DOI: 10.24349/acarologia/20184291, http://zenodo.org/record/539786

Brevipalpus lewisi McGregor 1949

Brevipalpus lewisi McGregor, 1949 Material examined — 5♀ and 1♂, Narendrapur [22.4391°N, 88.3968°E], South 24 Parganas, West Bengal on Justicia adhatoda L. 11 January 17, coll. Subhasree Mitra. 4♀ and 1♂, Joypur Forest [24.0162°N, 87.2562°E], Bankura, West Bengal on Morus alba L. 3 June 2015, coll. Subhasree Mitra. 3♀, Kalyani [22.9751° N, 88.4345° E], Nadia, West Bengal on Conyza stricta Willd. 13 May 2016, coll. Subhasree Mitra. Distribution — California, India, Pakistan.Published as part of Mitra, Subhasree, Acharya, Shelley & Ghosh, Sujay, 2018, New records of flat mites (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) from India, pp. 850-854 in Acarologia 58 (4) on page 851, DOI: 10.24349/acarologia/20184291, http://zenodo.org/record/539786

Brevipalpus rica Chaudhri 1972

Brevipalpus rica Chaudhri, 1972 Material examined — 3♀ and 2♂, Joypur Forest [24.0162°N, 87.2562°E], Bankura, West Bengal on Tecoma grandis Kraenzl. 4 June 2015, coll. Subhasree Mitra. 5♀ and 1♂, Narendrapur [22.4391°N, 88.3968°E], South 24 Parganas, West Bengal on Momordica charantia L. 12 September 2016, coll. Subhasree Mitra. Distribution — India, Pakistan.Published as part of Mitra, Subhasree, Acharya, Shelley & Ghosh, Sujay, 2018, New records of flat mites (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) from India, pp. 850-854 in Acarologia 58 (4) on page 852, DOI: 10.24349/acarologia/20184291, http://zenodo.org/record/539786