Enzymatic and toxigenic ability of opportunistic fungi contaminating intensive care units and operation rooms at Assiut University Hospitals, Egypt

Total of 110 isolates belonging to 8 fungal species collected from intensive care units (ICUs) and operation rooms (ORs) at Assiut University hospitals were examined for their ability to produce some extracellular enzymes and mycotoxins which are considered as important factors involved in for fungal pathogenicity. The results revealed that 73, 92 and 78 out of the 110 tested isolates produced protease, lipase and urease respectively; meanwhile, 77 of the tested isolates exhibited some hemolytic activities. Chromatographic analysis (TLC) of the crude extract of the fungal isolates tested revealed that 79 isolates of them had the ability to produce at least one of these mycotoxic compounds (aflatoxins B(1), B(2), G(1), gliotoxin, fumigillin, T-2, zearalenone, roridin A & E, verrucarin A & J, trichoveroids, satratoxin H & E). These results demonstrate that the opportunistic fungal species isolated from (ICUs) and (ORs) and tested exhibited some enzymatic and mycotoxic ability which are the most effective virulence factors contributing to fungal pathogenicity indicating that the management of infection control unit at Assiut University hospitals must be aware of not only bacterial but also fungal contamination

Endobronchial Lipoma: A Case Report

Endobronchial lipoma is a benign tumor of the large bronchi occurring in middle-aged men. The symptoms are those of obstructive pneumonitis mimicking bronchogenic carcinoma, and the result of delayed therapy may be bronchiectasis. Treatment includes local resection through a bronchoscope or a bronchotomy incision, or removal, if necessary, of the obstructed lobe or lung at thoracotomy. Smoking may be important in the pathogenesis of this tumor. Case:A 37 years old man presented with symptoms of asthma. X-ray showed unilateral inflation of the left lung. Flexible bronchoscope showed well circumscribed rounded mass in left main bronchus .CT scan raises the possibility of a benign intrabronchial mass. Surgical excision of the mass and subsequent histological examination confirmed the diagnosis of endobronchial lipoma. Discussion: Bronchoscopic resection should be considered as the first choice of treatment for endobronchial lipoma; however, surgical therapy is indicated for patients who show the possibility of a complicated malignant tumor, who have destructive peripheral lung disease, who have extrabronchial growth, or who may have technical difficulties during the bronchoscopic procedur

An analytical Study of Family Ownership According to Law No. (9) of 2020 Regulating Family Ownership in the Emirate of Dubai

In this research, we discussed the Family ownership, which is a type of common property that regulates the rights of the same family members who work together. This family ownership aims to save the money by figuring out the perfect way to invest it. Furthermore, we explained the family ownership contract and the rules that regulate it. We also addressed how to transfer the common ownership, and how to manage the family ownership. We have concluded that, there is a difference in the “family concept” between the “Family Planning Law” in the Emirate of Dubai and that stated in the “UAE Civil Transactions Law”. Moreover, we found that the local legislator of the Emirate of Dubai has put restrict rules that should be followed in making modifications to any family ownership contract, conversely, the federal legislator of the United Arab Emirates has not. Therefore, we recommended Therefore, we recommended that the UAE federal legislator reconsider the legislative regulation on family ownership contained in the Civil Transactions Law, and we also recommended the local legislator of the Emirate of Dubai to reconsider the definition of the family contained in Article 1 of the Family Property Regulation Law, and to set controls for urgent cases that enable During it, one of the partners was authorized to resign by decision without achieving consensus

An analytical Study of Family Ownership According to Law No. (9) of 2020 Regulating Family Ownership in the Emirate of Dubai

common property that regulates the rights of the same family members who work together. This family ownership aims to save the money by figuring out the perfect way to invest it. Furthermore, we explained the family ownership contract and the rules that regulate it. We also addressed how to transfer the common ownership, and how to manage the family ownership. We have concluded that, there is a difference in the “family concept” between the “Family Planning Law” in the Emirate of Dubai and that stated in the “UAE Civil Transactions Law”. Moreover, we found that the local legislator of the Emirate of Dubai has put restrict rules that should be followed in making modifications to any family ownership contract, conversely, the federal legislator of the United Arab Emirates has not. Therefore, we recommended Therefore, we recommended that the UAE federal legislator reconsider the legislative regulation on family ownership contained in the Civil Transactions Law, and we also recommended the local legislator of the Emirate of Dubai to reconsider the definition of the family contained in Article 1 of the Family Property Regulation Law, and to set controls for urgent cases that enable During it, one of the partners was authorized to resign by decision without achieving consensus

Securing Rights to movable Assets in light of Federal Law No. (4) of 2020

In this research, we investigated the guarantee rights of movable properties, in terms of explaining the nature of these rights which are regulated by the UAE legislator “Law No. 4, 2020”, and determining the funds that can be included in such guarantee system. Furthermore, we studied the method that could be implemented to ensure the rights of all included parties. Therefore, we recommended that it is necessary to stipulate the possibility of separating the movable from the real estate without causing damage to either of them, so that the real estate can be fixed by privatization to be a guarantee, and that the UAE legislator sets controls for the meaning of control over the guarantee by the guaranteed person as a way to enforce the right of guarantee against third parties. We concluded that, we recommended issuing regulations that force the guarantor to get insurance against loss or damage which would be an additional mean to ensure his rights in cases of warranty loss

Securing Rights to movable Assets in light of Federal Law No. (4) of 2020

In this research, we investigated the guarantee rights of movable properties, in terms of explaining the nature of these rights which are regulated by the UAE legislator “Law No. 4, 2020”, and determining the funds that can be included in such guarantee system. Furthermore, we studied the method that could be implemented to ensure the rights of all included parties. Therefore, we recommended that it is necessary to stipulate the possibility of separating the movable from the real estate without causing damage to either of them, so that the real estate can be fixed by privatization to be a guarantee, and that the UAE legislator sets controls for the meaning of control over the guarantee by the guaranteed person as a way to enforce the right of guarantee against third parties. We concluded that, we recommended issuing regulations that force the guarantor to get insurance against loss or damage which would be an additional mean to ensure his rights in cases of warranty loss

Selective Spectrophotometric and Spectrofluorometric Methods for the Determination of Amantadine Hydrochloride in Capsules and Plasma via Derivatization with 1,2-Naphthoquinone-4-sulphonate

New selective and sensitive spectrophotometric and spectrofluorometric methods have been developed and validated for the determination of amantadine hydrochloride (AMD) in capsules and plasma. The methods were based on the condensation of AMD with 1,2-naphthoquinone-4-sulphonate (NQS) in an alkaline medium to form an orange-colored product. The spectrophotometric method involved the measurement of the colored product at 460  nm. The spectrofluorometric method involved the reduction of the product with potassium borohydride, and the subsequent measurement of the formed fluorescent reduced AMD-NQS product at 382  nm after excitation at 293  nm. The variables that affected the reaction were carefully studied and optimized. Under the optimum conditions, linear relationships with good correlation coefficients (0.9972–0.9974) and low LOD (1.39 and 0.013 μg mL−1) were obtained in the ranges of 5–80 and 0.05–10  μg mL−1 for the spectrophotometric and spectrofluorometric methods, respectively. The precisions of the methods were satisfactory; RSD ≤2.04%. Both methods were successfully applied to the determination of AMD in capsules. As its higher sensitivity, the spectrofluorometric method was applied to the determination of AMD in plasma; the recovery was 96.3–101.2 ± 0.57–4.2%. The results obtained by the proposed methods were comparable with those obtained by the official metho

Heat and freezing pre-thermal treatments as a means of freeing potatoes from mosaic virus and its effects on potato plants quality characters

The aim of the study was to control of potato mosaic virus by using hot-air, hot-water and freezing as a physical pre-thermal treatments. Infected tubers of Lady Rosetta and Mondial potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars were treated by hot-air and hot-water treatments at 55± 2 ̊ C and freezing treatment at -18±2 ̊ C for 1, 2, 3 and 4 hours.  Hot-air and freezing treatments showed complete elimination of mosaic virus from treated tubers. Hot-water treatment caused tuber damage at different exposure times. In this respect, hot-air treatment at 55± 2 ̊ C and freezing treatment at -18±2 ̊ C for two hours gave the best results of eliminating the virus from tubers and did not affect on economic characters of potato cultivars.

Basal cell carcinoma of the vulva: a case report and systematic review of the literature

The vulva is an unusual site for basal cell carcinoma (BCC). Vulvar BCC accounts for <1% of all BCCs and <5% of all vulvar malignancies. We report the case of an 83 year‐old woman who presented with a 2‐month history of a tender labial growth, with histopathology confirming nodular BCC. We conducted a systematic literature review of the characteristics of reported cases of vulvar BCCs. A comprehensive systematic review of articles indexed for MEDLINE and Embase yielded 96 reports describing 437 patients with 446 BCCs of the vulva. The mean age at presentation was 70 (range 20–100). Most women had no underlying vulvar disease. Approximately 60% of cases were of the nodular subtype. Treatment approach varied widely with over half of cases treated with wide local or local excision. Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) for vulvar BCC was first reported in 1988 with seven total MMS cases reported. Twenty‐three cases of recurrence have been reported; 21 of these cases after local excision but none following MMS. Vulvar BCC is a rarely reported cancer that affects older women predominantly. MMS represents a promising treatment for BCC in this anatomic location.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/150570/1/ijd14307.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/150570/2/ijd14307_am.pd

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London