Učinak nepravilne primjene intravaginalnog umetka za otpuštanje progesterona na plodnost holštajnsko-frizijske krave: prikaz slučaja.

In this case report, the surgical removal of a progesterone-releasing intravaginal device (PRID®, 1.55 g of progesterone) found adhered to the uterus was performed, and its effect on fertility in a Holstein-Friesian cow evaluated. No data older than six months was available on the cow; however, during the preceding sixmonth period, the animal showed no signs of estrus. Interestingly, in the course of a reproductive examination, a PRID-like spiral mass was identified on the right uterine horn. Following diagnosis of the mass, surgical removal was considered. Right flank laparotomy was selected as the surgical entry site. Approximately one month after surgery, the cow showed signs of estrus, but no insemination was performed until the third cycle. After insemination, the cow become pregnant and completed the gestation period. Therefore, we concluded that the PRID may have caused anestrus, and that right flank laparotomy was a safe procedure for the removal of a PRID from the uterus, and particularly to recover fertility, in this case.U prikazu slučaja opisano je kirurško uklanjanje intravaginalnog umetka za otpuštanje progesterona (PRID®, 1,55 g progesterona). Umetak je bio pričvršćen za maternicu krave holštajnsko-frizijske pasmine u koje je obavljena kontrola plodnosti. U prethodnom šestomjesečnom razdoblju nije bilo podataka o kravi, a tijekom sljedećih šest mjeseci kontrole nije bilo znakova estrusa. Tijekom pregleda reprodukcijskih organa, u desnom rogu maternice otkrivena je spiralna tvorevina, slična umetku. Nakon postavljene dijagnoze razmatrana je mogućnost kirurškog uklanjanja. Odabrana je laparotomija s pristupom na desnoj bočnoj strani. Približno mjesec dana nakon operacije kod krave su opaženi znakovi estrusa, no osjemenjivanje nije obavljeno prije trećeg ciklusa. Nakon osjemenjivanja, krava je postala bređa s normalnim trajanjem gravidnosti. Autori zaključuju da PRID može biti uzrokom izostanka estrusa kod krava. Laparoskopska operacija s desne bočne strane je sigurna metoda za uklanjanje PRID-a iz maternice, posebno s obzirom na uspostavljenu plodnost krave u ovom prikazu

The use of Thinglink Web 2.0 Tool in out-of-school learning environments in mathematics teaching: Pre-service teachers' experiences

The aim of this study is, examining the experiences of the pre-service mathematics teachers (PMTs) on the use of Thinglink Web 2.0 tool in out-of-school learning environments in mathematics teaching. Within this study, a descriptive case study methodology was employed. This study was conducted during the 2022-2023 academic year and involved a total of 60participants, consisting of 49 females and 11 males. The participants were PMTs who were in their sixth semester and were enrolled in the 'Out of School Learning Environments' course at a university. Within the scope of the research, the 11-week part of the 'Out of School Learning Environments' course was conducted theoretically, and the 3-week part included presentations containing Out-of-School Learning Activities Designed Using Thinglink prepared by PMTs. The data utilized in this research emanates from two primary sources: Out-of-School Learning Activities Designed Using Thinglink (OSLADTs) and course materials, including lesson plans, worksheets, and brochures, all of which were developed by PMTs. To address the research inquiries, content analysis was employed to examine the PMTs' OSLADTs and course materials. Content analysis was employed to assess the alignment of the OSLADTs and course materials (lesson plans and worksheets), created by PMTs, with the criteria established by Bunting (2006) for defining out-of-school learning activities. In conclusion, this study underscores the positive impact of OSLADTs on mathematics education when effectively integrated into the curriculum by PMTs. The findings suggest that OSLADTs hold significant potential for enhancing students' engagement, understanding, and appreciation of mathematical concepts

Effect of the Position on Hemodynamic Parameters in Elective Cesarean Sections with Spinal Anesthesia: A Retrospective Clinical Trial

Aim:Maternal hypotension after spinal anesthesia is the most common complication. We aimed to compare the haemodynamic effects of patient positions (supine or tilt) applied to avoid spontaneous hypotension in elective cesarean sections performed in our clinic with spinal anesthesia by examining the files of anesthesia records retrospectively.Methods:Data on the 133 elective caesarean sections done in 2017 was examined. Hemodynamic parameters, table position, use of ephedrine, need for additional drugs, and nausea and vomiting were recorded. Surgery started in the supine position in 64 patients (group S), and in the tilt position in 69 (group T). Group T was subdivided into 2 groups: group TS consisted of 29 patients in whom surgery started in the tilt, and continued in the supine position and group TT included 40 patients in whom the surgery was completed in the tilt position.Results:The hemodynamic values in group S were significantly lower than in group T, and a total of 43 patients were administered ephedrine. It was found that in group TT, only four of 40 patients required ephedrine and the total dose was lower than in other groups.Conclusion:We concluded that in elective cesarean sections, maternal hypotension in patients undergoing spinal anesthesia with 15°C tilt position on the left side of the patient is seen less than in patients undergoing in the supine position. In addition, starting with a 15°C tilt position and changing position to the supine position, make a deeper hypotension and increase the dose of ephedrine used

An exemplary life? A personal construct analysis of the autobiography of Rudolf Hoess, Commandant of Auschwitz

This is an Accepted Manuscript of an article published by Taylor & Francis Group in Journal of Constructivist Psychology on 27 August 2014, available online at: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10720537.2013.849214This article analyses the autobiography of Rudolf Hoess, commandant of Auschwitz. Textual grid, ABC and self-characterisation analyses of the autobiography are used to construe Hoess’s writing. The textual grid analysis suggests that Hoess saw his adult self as being different from others but his young self as similar to Jews. Conflicts in self-construing are identified. The ABC analysis indicates that, from his perspective, it made sense for Hoess to choose not to leave the concentration camp service. The self-characterisation analysis focuses on whether Hoess experienced Kellyan guilt and it suggests that he did, but in unexpected contexts.Peer reviewedFinal Accepted Versio

Assesment of the Approach to the Painless Delivery: A Survey Study

Aim:Being able to relieve pain that occurs during delivery provides physical and emotional involvement of the mother in the birth and could reduce maternal and fetal undesirable effects. We planned this questionnaire study to evaluate the painless delivery approaches of physicians working in the fields of gynecological diseases and obstetrics.Methods:A survey was made consisting of 10 questions about the painless delivery approaches with the gynecologists and obstetricians in Turkey. Ninety-eight physicians’ answers were evaluated.Results:It was observed that the painless birth in the clinics was not widespread, the low painless delivery options offered rate was low and the informing was inadequate in clinics throughout Turkey. In addition, it was concluded that physicians did not have a common idea to the effect on the action of delivery.Conclusion:The role of gynecologists and obstetricians, as well as anesthesiologists, is great in spreading painless delivery practice. We also wanted to emphasize that informing the patient during pregnancy by the gynecologic diseases and obstetricians may reduce the rate of cesarean delivery due to the patient’s request

Shift Work and Shift Work Sleep Disorders: Definition, Symptoms and Treatment

Today, due to the rapid progress of the global industrial economy, the use of new technologies and the economic competition environment, the necessity of 24 hour interrupted job production has increased and this has caused the obligation to work with the shift system. Approximately 20% of the population is working on shifts and turns apart from the standard working hours. While the shift system has many positive effects on work and manufacture life, it also has negative effects on the life quality of employees and it brings many comorbid health and sleep problems. Shift work sleep disorder is categorized as a subgroup of circadian rhythm sleep disorders family. The primary symptoms of shift work sleep disorder are insomnia and excessive daytime sleepiness. The goal of shift work sleep disorder treatment is to improve the quality of life and work efficiency while improving the current symptoms related to sleep disturbances, and to minimize accidents by increasing attention and alertness. The goal of this review is to determine the clinical findings, diagnostic criteria, systemic outcomes, and treatment methods of shift work sleep disorder and the associated sleep disorders

The Effects of Separate and Combined Use of PGF2α and GnRH Hormones and the Addition of Βeta-Carotene on Fertility Parameters in Dairy Cows with Ovarian Cysts

Background: Ovarian cysts are commonly observed pathologies, which interfere with normal cyclic activity and adversely affect fertility in cows. Beta-carotene is effective in the reduction of reproductive problems by inducing the natural defence mechanisms of the body. There are several methods that can be used for the treatment of ovarian cysts. The separate and combined use of GnRH and PGF2α commonly uses in the treatment of ovarian cysts. Therefore, in the presented study the effects of Beta-carotene (βC) addition for the treatment of ovarian cysts either with GnRH solely or GnRH and PGF2α in combination on the fertility parameters of dairy cows were investigated.Materials, Methods & Results: Seventy-six Holstein Friesian cows having ovarian cysts diagnosed by ultrasonography (USG) were divided into three groups. Cows in Group I (GI, n = 27), were injected with GnRH (Buserelin acetate, 5 mL, im), PGF2α (Tiaprost-trometamol, 5 mL, im) and βC (20 mL/cow, into 4 regions by im route). In Group II (GII, n = 25) GnRH (Buserelin acetate, 5 mL, im) and PGF2α (Tiaprost-trometamol, 5mL, im) were administrated while GnRH (Buserelin acetate, 5 mL, im) solely in Group III (GIII, n = 24). Cysts were monitored via USG, and blood samples were collected on the on day of treatment (day 0) and on the 7th and 14th days following the administrations. Cows shoving oestrous were inseminated and pregnancy diagnoses were performed on the 40th day following insemination. Treatment results showed that there were statistically no significant differences between GI and GII (P > 0.05). Only numerical difference obtained in time from therapy to pregnancy and overall pregnancy index (P > 0.05). Overall pregnancy rate (85 %), first service pregnancy rates (40 %) and overall pregnancy index (2.11) in GI were found significantly higher than GIII (53.3 %; 20 %; 4.12) [P < 0.05]. No significant difference was observed in progesterone (P4) levels between the groups (P > 0.05). It was found that βC administrations significantly increased βC levels in GI than GII and GIII on the 7th and 14th days (P < 0.05).Discussion: One of the most common problems encountered in modern dairy production is the development of ovarian cysts. Treatments for ovarian cyst are numerous and variable, and have changed considerably over the years. In the present study, GnRH and PGF2α were administered together as a combination, and as a result of this combined use, higher percentages were obtained for both pregnancy rate and fertility parameters in GI and GII, in comparison to the group administered with GnRH alone (GIII). Better outcome from combination therapy (GnRH and PGF2α) may be due to the fact that luteal thickening in the walls of cysts was determined by ultrasonography, but P4 values were not identified immediately and the treatments were not categorized in accord with these values. No statistically significant differences were determined between GI and GII concerning the fertility parameters investigated, however numerical and proportional differences were observed. βC levels were significantly higher on day 7 and 14 after treatment in GI which were administered βC additionally to the treatment protocol for ovarian cysts. This statistical difference suggests that administration of βC in combination therapy is also effective in the treatment of ovarian cysts. In conclusion, it was determined that high pregnancy rates were obtained by the combined treatment of ovarian cysts (GnRH + PGF2α) and number of inseminations per conception were at desired limits. Better percentile and numerical fertility parameters were achieved in the group, which additionally received βC, high numbers of infertility cases, βC supplementation could be a viable option for treatment

Synthesis of selenophene substituted benzodithiophene and fluorinated benzothiadiazole based conjugated polymers for organic solar cell applications

© 2021A series of alternating conjugated copolymers which contain selenophene modified benzodithiophene and fluorine bearing benzothiadiazole have been synthesized via Stille polycondensation reaction to investigate the effect of the number of fluorine atoms substituted to the benzothiadiazole. Three different polymers, PBDTSe-BT, PBDTSe-FBT and PBDTSe-FFBT, were reported and their electrochemical, spectroelectrochemical, and photovoltaic behaviors were examined. Density functional theory calculations were performed on model tetramer structures to shed light on how substituting the fluorine atom to the acceptor building block affects the structural, electronic and optical properties of the polymers. The results of computational studies were compared with experimental studies. The structure adjustment accomplished by fluorine substitution on the benzothiadiazole moiety reveals an influence on the electronic structure of polymers with a more negative HOMO energy level. A high VOC for the resulting photovoltaic device was examined for PBDTSe-FFBT. Difluorinated polymer PBDTSe-FFBT:PC71BM organic solar cell exhibited the highest photovoltaic performance of 2.63% with JSC of 7.24 mA cm-2, VOC of 0.72 V and FF of 50.6%. PBDTSe-BT:PC71BM revealed the best PCE as 2.39%, and the device reached the highest efficiency up to 1.68% for PBDTSe-FBT:PC71BM

Selected Uterine Immune Events Associated With the Establishment of Pregnancy in the Dog

In the dog, implantation takes place at approximately 17 days of embryonal life and, while exposed to relatively high circulating progesterone concentrations, embryos presence is required for the formation of decidua. Furthermore, a balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory responses in conceptus-maternal communication is crucial for the onset of pregnancy. Strikingly, the understanding of such immune mechanisms in canine reproduction is still elusive. Here, canine uterine samples from pre-implantation (day 10–12, E+) and corresponding non-pregnant controls (E–), implantation (day 17,Imp) and post-implantation (day 18–25, Post-Imp) stages of pregnancy were used to investigate the expression and localization of several immune-related factors. The most important findings indicate increased availability of CD4, MHCII, NCR1, IDO1, AIF1, CD25, CCR7, and IL6 in response to embryo presence (E+), while FoxP3 and CCL3 were more abundant in E– samples. Implantation was characterized by upregulated levels of FoxP3, IL12a, ENG, and CDH1, whereas CD4, CCR7, IL8, and -10 were less represented. Following implantation, decreased transcript levels of TNFR1, MHCII, NCR1, TLR4, CD206, FoxP3, and IL12a were observed concomitantly with the highest expression of IL6 and IL1β. MHCII, CD86, CD206, CD163, TNFa, IDO1, and AIF1 were immunolocalized in macrophages, CD4 and Nkp46 in lymphocytes, and some signals of IDO1, AIF1, and TNF-receptors could also be identified in endothelial cells and/or uterine glands. Cumulatively, new insights regarding uterine immunity in the peri-implantation period are provided, with apparent moderated pro-inflammatory signals prevailing during pre-implantation, while implantation and early trophoblast invasion appear to beassociated with immunomodulatory and rather anti-inflammatory conditions

Deiminated proteins and extracellular vesicles - novel serum biomarkers in whales and Orca

Peptidylarginine deiminases (PADs) are a family of phylogenetically conserved calcium-dependent enzymes which cause post-translational protein deimination. This can result in neoepitope generation, affect gene regulation and allow for protein moonlighting via functional and structural changes in target proteins. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry cargo proteins and genetic material and are released from cells as part of cellular communication. EVs are found in most body fluids where they can be useful biomarkers for assessment of health status. Here, serum-derived EVs were profiled, and post-translationally deiminated proteins and EV-related microRNAs are described in 5 ceataceans: minke whale, fin whale, humpback whale, Cuvier's beaked whale and orca. EV-serum profiles were assessed by transmission electron microscopy and nanoparticle tracking analysis. EV profiles varied between the 5 species and were identified to contain deiminated proteins and selected key inflammatory and metabolic microRNAs. A range of proteins, critical for immune responses and metabolism were identified to be deiminated in cetacean sera, with some shared KEGG pathways of deiminated proteins relating to immunity and physiology, while some KEGG pathways were species-specific. This is the first study to characterise and profile EVs and to report deiminated proteins and putative effects of protein-protein interaction networks via such post-translationald deimination in cetaceans, revealing key immune and metabolic factors to undergo this post-translational modification. Deiminated proteins and EVs profiles may possibly be developed as new biomarkers for assessing health status of sea mammals