中国海洋生物研究70年

随着中国"海洋强国"战略的提出,加快建设海洋类学科的发展成为历史必然,海洋生物是海洋不可分割的一部分,海洋环境和生物相互依存,相互作用,海洋生物研究重要性日益凸显。为纪念中国科学家在海洋生物领域的突出贡献,本文回顾了建国以来中国海洋生物相关的重要研究进展,梳理了中国科学家在海洋生物领域的突出贡献,系统总结并讨论了未来研究方向,抛砖引玉,希望籍此助推中国海洋生物研究的新高潮。国家自然科学基金项目(41876134,41876171)中国大洋矿产资源研究开发协会专项项目(DY135-E2-5-03)教育部长江学者特聘教授项目(T2014253

Study on the Thermal Simulation for Hydrocarbon Generating by Unicellular Algae

以单细胞海藻为材料进行热模拟生烃试验 ,对其不同温度级别下作了气体成分分析、族组份分析、热解色谱测试分析 .从常温到 2 50℃ ,单细胞海藻中有机质还未成熟 ,但具有很强的生烃能力 ,30 0～ 4 0 0℃达到成熟阶段 ,是其热模拟生烃的高峰期 ,4 0 0～ 50 0℃时单细胞海藻中的有机质已经达到过成熟阶段 ,为产气为主 .热模拟试验结果表明单细胞海藻是良好的生烃原始母质 ,并较清晰地显示出了单细胞海藻的热演化和生烃历程The thermal simulation experiments for generating hydrocarbon by unicellular algae are carried out and several analysis methods, such as Gas Analysis, Components Analysis and Thermal Simulation Chromatogram Analysis are applied. The results show that unicellular algae are good kinds of sources for generating hydrocarbon. The organic matters of unicellular algae are not matured from normal temperature to 300 ℃, but their potential ability of generating hydrocarbon are strong; the organic matters of unicellular algae are matured from 300 ℃ to 400 ℃, and their ability of generating hydrocarbon reach maximum; The organic matters of unicellular algae are super matured from 400 ℃ to 500 ℃, and their ability of generating hydrocarbon are declined. The thermal simulation examination has distinctly revealed the course of thermal evolution of organic matter and oil/gas generation.教育部海洋地质开放实验室资助项目!( 990 5);; 厦门大学校级自选课题资助项目!( 2 0 0 0 50 0 1

Thermal evolution characteristics of unicellular marine algae organic matters and their potential of hydrocarbon generation

以单细胞海藻为材料进行热模拟生烃试验 ,对其不同温度级别下的元素分析、红外光谱和有机差热等测试分析 .结果表明 ,单细胞海藻有机质演化呈现出阶段性特点 ,从常温到 3 0 0℃为未成熟阶段 ,产烃性能好 ;3 0 0～ 40 0℃为主要产烃期 ,有机质已达成熟阶段 ;40 0～ 50 0℃时海藻有机质产烃性能明显减弱 ,为过成熟阶段 .热模拟试验结果表明 ,单细胞海藻是良好的生烃原始母质 ,并清晰地显示出了单细胞海藻有机质的热演化特征和生烃历程The thermal simulation experiments for generating hydrocarbon by unicellular algae are carried out and several analysis methods, such as elements analysis, infrared spectrum analysis and organic differential thermal analysis, are applied in. The results show out the characteristics of different phases during the whole thermal simulation experiments of unicellular algae organic matters. The organic matters of unicellular algae are not matured but well in generating hydrocarbon from normal temperature to 300℃. The organic matters reach matured stage from 300℃ to 400℃ for their ability of hydrocarbon generation reaches maximum. The organic matters of unicellular algae are super matured from 400℃ to 500℃ and their ability of hydrocarbon generation are declined obviously. The thermal simulation examination indicates that the unicellular algae organic matters are good sources of hydrocarbon generation indistinctly reveals the characteristics of organic matters during the whole thermal simulation experiments.同济大学海洋地质教育部重点实验室资助项目 (990 5 ) ;; 厦门大学校级自选课题资助项目 (2 0 0 0 5 0 0 1

基因工程人组织激肽释放酶原的分离纯化

发展了一种基因工程人组织激肽释放酶原的分离纯化方法，首先对样品采用离子交换的分离模式进行初分离，进一步通过疏水作用色谱和体积排阻色谱进行纯化。新发展的方法样品的回收率超过50％，而且产品的纯度高，生产成本低，非常适宜于在规模化生产中应用

一种检测人血清中组织激肽释放酶的试剂盒及其制备方法

本发明涉及基因工程领域，具体的说是一种检测人血清中组织激肽释放酶的试剂盒及其制备方法，包括，包被人组织激肽释放酶抗血清的酶联反应板、检测人组织激肽释放酶抗血清的酶抗体、标准人组织激肽释放酶抗血清的酶样品、亲和素-过氧化物酶、底物缓冲液和终止液。本试剂盒可用于缺血性疾病的早期诊断，检测方法简便快速、成本低廉、灵敏度及特异性高。本发明也提供了制备方法。带填

Aripiprazole versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia

BACKGROUND: In most western industrialised countries, second generation (atypical) antipsychotics are recommended as first line drug treatments for people with schizophrenia. In this review we specifically examine how the efficacy and tolerability of one such agent - aripiprazole - differs from that of other comparable second generation antipsychotics. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of aripiprazole compared with other atypical antipsychotics for people with schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like psychoses. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group Trials Register (November 2011), inspected references of all identified studies for further trials, and contacted relevant pharmaceutical companies, drug approval agencies and authors of trials for additional information. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included all randomised clinical trials (RCTs) comparing aripiprazole (oral) with oral and parenteral forms of amisulpride, clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, sertindole, ziprasidone or zotepine for people with schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like psychoses. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We extracted data independently. For dichotomous data we calculated risk ratios (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) on an intention-to-treat basis based on a random-effects model. Where possible, we calculated illustrative comparative risks for primary outcomes. For continuous data, we calculated mean differences (MD), again based on a random-effects model. We assessed risk of bias for each included study. MAIN RESULTS: We included 12 trials involving 6389 patients. Aripiprazole was compared to olanzapine, risperidone and ziprasidone. All trials were sponsored by an interested drug manufacturer. The overall number of participants leaving studies early was 30% to 40%, limiting validity (no differences between groups).When compared with olanzapine no differences were apparent for global state (no clinically important change: n = 703, 1 RCT, RR short-term 1.00 95% CI 0.81 to 1.22; n = 317, 1 RCT, RR medium-term 1.08 95% CI 0.95 to 1.22) but mental state tended to favour olanzapine (n = 1360, 3 RCTs, MD total Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) 4.68 95% CI 2.21 to 7.16). There was no significant difference in extrapyramidal symptoms (n = 529, 2 RCTs, RR 0.99 95% CI 0.62 to 1.59) but fewer in the aripiprazole group had increased cholesterol levels (n = 223, 1 RCT, RR 0.32 95% CI 0.19 to 0.54) or weight gain of 7% or more of total body weight (n = 1095, 3 RCTs, RR 0.39 95% CI 0.28 to 0.54).When compared with risperidone, aripiprazole showed no advantage in terms of global state (n = 384, 2 RCTs, RR no important improvement 1.14 95% CI 0.81 to 1.60) or mental state (n = 372, 2 RCTs, MD total PANSS 1.50 95% CI -2.96 to 5.96).One study compared aripiprazole with ziprasidone (n = 247) and both the groups reported similar change in the global state (n = 247, 1 RCT, MD average change in Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) score -0.03 95% CI -0.28 to 0.22) and mental state (n = 247, 1 RCT, MD change PANSS -3.00 95% CI -7.29 to 1.29).When compared with any one of several new generation antipsychotic drugs the aripiprazole group showed improvement in global state in energy (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.69 95% CI 0.56 to 0.84), mood (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.77 95% CI 0.65 to 0.92), negative symptoms (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.82 95% CI 0.68 to 0.99), somnolence (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.80 95% CI 0.69 to 0.93) and weight gain (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.84 95% CI 0.76 to 0.94). Significantly more people given aripiprazole reported symptoms of nausea (n = 2881, 3 RCTs, RR 3.13 95% CI 2.12 to 4.61) but weight gain (7% or more of total body weight) was less common in people allocated aripiprazole (n = 330, 1 RCT, RR 0.35 95% CI 0.19 to 0.64). Aripiprazole may have value in aggression but data are limited. This will be the focus of another review. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Information on all comparisons are of limited quality, are incomplete and problematic to apply clinically. Aripiprazole is an antipsychotic drug with a variant but not absent adverse effect profile. Long-term data are sparse and there is considerable scope for another update of this review as new data emerges from the many Chinese studies as well as from ongoing larger, independent pragmatic trials