60 research outputs found
Історико-архітектурний розвиток Лаврівського монастиря (Historical and architectural development of the Lavriv monastery)
Аналізуються основні етапи будівництва та реконструкцій Лаврівського монастиря.Висвітлюються історія та архітектурні особливості комплексу споруд обителі – церков св. Івана Хрестителя та св. Онуфрія, а також самої обителі. З’ясовуються погляди дослідників щодо архітектурних аспектів розвитку відомого чернечого осередку. Наводяться результати археологічних досліджень, проведених у 1970-80-х рр. та 2009–2010 рр.
(The main stages of construction and reconstruction of Lavriv monastery are analyzed. Highlights the history and architectural features of the complex structures of the Lavriv monastery churches of St. John the Baptist and St. Onuphrius are described. The views of researchers on the
architectural aspects of the development of the famous monastic heart are identified. The results of archaeological research conducted in the 1970-80s, and 2009-2010 are described.Based on many historical sources, discusses the history of the Church of St. Onuphrius. It is the only surviving Galician monastery Church of the XIII century. Archaeological studies indicate the high probability of the existence of a previous sacred building. The problem of localization of the original temple and other objects from the early history of the monastery were solved in archaeological research. Highlights numerous restructuring of the church of the St. Onuphrius and monastery are analysed.
КОМПЛАЄНС ХВОРИХ НА ГЛАУКОМУ ЯК МЕДИКО-СОЦІАЛЬНА ПРОБЛЕМА
The aim of the work – to study the compliance of patients with glaucoma and analyze the causes of its insufficiency.
Material and Methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the ophthalmological departments of hospitals of three central district hospitals of the Ivano-Frankivsk region. A representative group of 515 glaucoma patients over 55 years old was interviewed. Among them were 261 women and 254 men (50.7 % and 49.3 %), 249 urban and 266 rural residents (48.3 % and 51.7 %). Sociological, bibliosemantic and medico-statistical methods were applied.
Results. It was established that the need for constant medication is known to all 100 % of respondents with glaucoma. However, more than a third (36.0 %) of respondents do not always follow the recommendations of ophthalmologists and do not regularly take prescribed medications. One of the main reasons is that 20.4 % of respondents fear the side effects of glaucoma medications and another 54.7 % doubt their safety. It is clear that this situation is the result of a lack of patient awareness of the therapy that they are prescribed. 96.9 % of respondents said they receive information about the disease from health workers. Among claims to medical care, complaints about medical staff were only in 5.4 % of cases, and two thirds (67.6 %) of the number of respondents dissatisfied with medical care complained about the high cost of drugs and medical services. 69.0 % of respondents said that they sometimes or constantly have difficulty paying for medicines due to lack of funds.
Conclusions. A significant number of patients with glaucoma do not comply with the recommendations of the doctor and the regimen of medication. The reasons for the low compliance are the lack of patient awareness of the benefits and risks of treatment, an increased feeling of anxiety and depression, loneliness, mainly a low level of material well-being and the education of respondents.Цель работы – изучить комплаенс больных глаукомой и проанализировать причины его недостаточности.
Материал и методы. Исследование проводилось на базе офтальмологических отделений стационаров трех центральных районных больниц Ивано-Франковской области. Опрошена репрезентативная группа из 515 больных глаукомой в возрасте старше 55 лет. Среди них была 261 женщина и 254 мужчин (50,7 % и 49,3 %), 249 городских и 266 сельских жителей (48,3 % и 51,7 %). Применены социологический, библиосемантичний и медико-статистический методы.
Результаты. Установлено, что о необходимости постоянного приема лекарств знают все 100 % опрошенных больных глаукомой. Однако более трети (36,0 %) респондентов не всегда следуют рекомендациям офтальмологов и нерегулярно принимают назначенные лекарства. Одной из основных причин является то, что 20,4 % респондентов боятся побочных эффектов лекарств от глаукомы и еще 54,7 % сомневаются в их безопасности. Понятно, что такая ситуация является следствием недостаточной осведомленности пациентов относительно терапии, которую им назаначают. 96,9 % опрошенных сказали, что получают сведения о болезни от медицинских работников. Среди претензий к медицинскому обслуживанию, жалобы на медперсонал были лишь в 5,4 % случаев, а две трети (67,6 %) из числа респондентов, недовольных медицинской помощью, жаловались на высокую стоимость лекарств и медицинских услуг. 69,0 % опрошенных заявляли, что иногда или постоянно испытывают трудности с оплатой лекарств из-за нехватки средств.
Выводы. Значительная часть больных глаукомой не соблюдают рекомендации врача и режим приема лекарств. Причинами низкого комплаенса является недостаточная осведомленность пациентов о преимуществах и рисках лечения, повышенное чувство тревоги и депрессии, одиночество, преимущественно низкий уровень материального благополучия и образования респондентов.Мета – вивчити комплаєнс хворих на глаукому та проаналізувати причини його недостатності.
Матеріал і методи. За спеціальною програмою на базі трьох офтальмологічних відділень стаціонарів трьох центральних районних лікарень Івано-Франківської області обстежили 515 хворих на глаукому у віці понад 55 років. Серед них було 261 жінка і 254 чоловіків (50,7 % та 49,3 %), 249 мешканців міст і 266 сільських жителів (48,3 % і 51,7 %).
Застосовано соціологічний, бібліосемантичний і медико-статистичний методи.
Результати. Встановлено, що про необхідність постійного прийому ліків знають усі 100 % опитаних хворих на глаукому. Проте більш як третина (36,0 %) респондентів не завжди дотримуються рекомендацій офтальмологів і нерегулярно приймають призначені ліки. Однією із основних причин є те, що 20,4 % респондентів боїться побічних ефектів ліків від глаукоми і ще 54,7 % мають сумніви у їх безпеці. Зрозуміло, що така ситуація є наслідком недостатньої поінформованості пацієнтів щодо терапії, яка їм призначена. 96,9 % опитаних сказали, що отримують відомості про хворобу від медичних працівників. Серед претензій до медичного обслуговування лише 5,4 % складали скарги на медперсонал, а дві третини (67,6 %) з числа респондентів, невдоволених медичною допомогою, скаржилися на високу вартість ліків і медичних послуг. 69,0 % опитаних заявляли, що іноді чи постійно мають труднощі із оплатою ліків через нестачу коштів.
Висновки. Значна частка хворих на глаукому не дотримуються рекомендацій лікаря та режиму прийому ліків. Причинами низького комплаєнсу є недостатня поінформованість пацієнтів про переваги і ризики лікування, підвищене відчуття тривоги та депресії, самотність, переважно низький рівень матеріального благополуччя і освіти респондентів
ФАКТОРИ ПСИХІЧНОЇ ТРАВМАТИЗАЦІЇ У ВНУТРІШНЬО ПЕРЕМІЩЕНИХ ОСІБ: ЇХ СТРУКТУРА ТА ДИНАМІКА У ЧАСІ
Today, Ukraine ranks ninth in the world in the number of internally displaced persons (IDPs). Large-scale forced internal migration in recent years could not but affect the health status of a particular social group, as well as the health status of the population as a whole.
The aim of the study – to learn the factors of mental trauma, their dynamics over time and the impact on mental health, the determination of stress resistance and social adaptation in HPE.
Material and Methods. Survey methods included clinical psychopathology with assessment of mental trauma factors, T. Holmes and R. Rahe (1967) methods for determining stress tolerance and social adaptation to assess current levels of stress during the last year, and statistical methods.
The study was conducted at the State Institution “Institute of Neurology, Psychiatry and Narcology of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine” in the Department of Border Psychiatry. A total of 213 IDPs were surveyed. All of the surveyed were divided into 3 groups: group I included 94 IDPs from the general population who had no identified psychiatric disorders (conditionally healthy), group II (risk group) waxed 68 people who had identified certain psychiatric symptoms that were not clinical level, made up and in group III included 51 people who sought medical help and having mental disorders.
Results. All subjects were evaluated for stress factors, including, physiological, psycho-emotional, socio-psychological and information factors and reflected their dynamics over time. The conducted assessment of the level of resistance showed its differences in the examined healthy, patients and risk groups.
Conclusions. An assessment of the influence of stressful factors on IDP indicates their combined effect, varying degrees of pathogenicity, and dynamics over time.Сегодня Украина занимает девятое место в мире по количеству внутренне перемещенных лиц. Масштабные вынужденные внутренние миграции последних лет не могли не отразиться на состоянии здоровья как определенной социальной группы, так и на состоянии здоровья населения в целом.
Цель – изучение факторов психической травматизации, их динамики во времени и влияния на состояние психического здоровья, определение стрессоустойчивости и социальной адаптации у ВПО.
Материал и методы. Методы обследования включали клинико-психопатологический с оценкой факторов психической травматизации, методика определения стрессоустойчивости и социальной адаптации Т. Холмса и Р. Раге (Т. Holmes and R. Rahe, 1967) для оценки актуального уровня стресса в течение последнего года и статистические методы.
Исследование проводилось в ГУ «Институт неврологии, психиатрии и наркологии НАМН Украины» в отделе пограничной психиатрии. Всего было обследовано 213 ВПО. Все обследованные были поделены на 3 группы: в I группу вошли 94 ВПО из общей популяции, у которых не было выявлено психических расстройств (условно здоровые), во II группу (группу риска) вошли 68 человек, у которых были определены отдельные психические симптомы, не достигающие клинического уровня, и в III группу вошел 51 человек, обратившийся за медицинской помощью и имеющий психические расстройства.
Результаты. У всех обследованных была проведена оценка стрессогенных факторов, включавшая физиологические, психоэмоциональные, социально-психологические и информационные факторы и отражающая их динамику во времени. Оценка уровня сопротивляемости показала его отличия у обследованных здоровых, больных и лиц группы риска.
Выводы. Оценка влияния стрессогенных факторов на ВПО свидетельствует об их сочетанном действии, разных степени патогенности и динамике во времени.Сьогодні Україна займає дев’яте місце у світі за кількістю внутрішньо переміщених осіб (ВПО). Масштабні вимушені внутрішні міграції останніх років не могли не відобразитися на стані здоров’я як певної соціальної групи, так і на стані здоров’я населення у цілому.
Мета – вивчення факторів психічної травматизації, їх динаміки у часі та впливу на стан психічного здоров’я, визначення стресостійкості та соціальної адаптації у ВПО.
Матеріал і методи. Методи обстеження включали клініко-психопатологічний з оцінкою факторів психічної травматизації, методику визначення стресостійкості та соціальної адаптації Т. Холмса і Р. Раге для оцінки актуального рівня стресу протягом останнього року, статистичні методи.
Дослідження проведено в ДУ «Інститут неврології, психіатрії та наркології НАМН України» у відділі пограничної психіатрії. Всього було обстежено 213 ВПО. Усі обстежені були поділені на 3 групи: до І групи увійшли 94 ВПО із загальної популяції, у яких не було виявлено психічних розладів (умовно здорові); 68 осіб, у яких були визначені окремі психічні симптоми, що не сягали клінічного рівня, склали ІІ групу (група ризику) та 51 особа, що звернулася за медичною допомогою та мала діагностовані психічні розлади, увійшли до ІІІ групи (обстежені з психічними розладами).
Результати. Всім обстеженим була проведена оцінка стресогенних факторів (СФ), що включали фізіологічні, психоемоційні, соціально-психологічні та інформаційні чинники та відображала їх динаміку в часі. Рівень опірності стресу відрізнявся у здорових, хворих та осіб з групи ризику.
Висновки. Загальна оцінка впливу стресогенних чинників на ВПО свідчить про їх поєднану дію, різний ступінь патогенності та динаміки у часі
High-order 3D Voronoi tessellation for identifying Isolated galaxies, Pairs and Triplets
Geometric method based on the high-order 3D Voronoi tessellation is proposed
for identifying the single galaxies, pairs and triplets. This approach allows
to select small galaxy groups and isolated galaxies in different environment
and find the isolated systems. The volume-limited sample of galaxies from the
SDSS DR5 spectroscopic survey was used. We conclude that in such small groups
as pairs and triplets the segregation by luminosity is clearly observed:
galaxies in the isolated pairs and triplets are on average two times more
luminous than isolated galaxies. We consider the dark matter content in
different systems. The median values of mass-to-luminosity ratio are 12
M_sol/L_sol for the isolated pairs and 44 M_sol/L_sol for the isolated
triplets; 7 (8) M_sol/L_sol for the most compact pairs (triplets). We found
also that systems in the denser environment have greater rms velocity and
mass-to-luminosity ratio.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figures, Accepted 2008 October 25 in MNRA
Worldwide comparison of survival from childhood leukaemia for 1995–2009, by subtype, age, and sex (CONCORD-2): a population-based study of individual data for 89 828 children from 198 registries in 53 countries
Background Global inequalities in access to health care are reflected in differences in cancer survival. The CONCORD programme was designed to assess worldwide differences and trends in population-based cancer survival. In this population-based study, we aimed to estimate survival inequalities globally for several subtypes of childhood leukaemia.
Methods Cancer registries participating in CONCORD were asked to submit tumour registrations for all children aged 0-14 years who were diagnosed with leukaemia between Jan 1, 1995, and Dec 31, 2009, and followed up until Dec 31, 2009. Haematological malignancies were defined by morphology codes in the International Classification of Diseases for Oncology, third revision. We excluded data from registries from which the data were judged to be less reliable, or included only lymphomas, and data from countries in which data for fewer than ten children were available for analysis. We also excluded records because of a missing date of birth, diagnosis, or last known vital status. We estimated 5-year net survival (ie, the probability of surviving at least 5 years after diagnosis, after controlling for deaths from other causes [background mortality]) for children by calendar period of diagnosis (1995-99, 2000-04, and 2005-09), sex, and age at diagnosis (< 1, 1-4, 5-9, and 10-14 years, inclusive) using appropriate life tables. We estimated age-standardised net survival for international comparison of survival trends for precursor-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML).
Findings We analysed data from 89 828 children from 198 registries in 53 countries. During 1995-99, 5-year agestandardised net survival for all lymphoid leukaemias combined ranged from 10.6% (95% CI 3.1-18.2) in the Chinese registries to 86.8% (81.6-92.0) in Austria. International differences in 5-year survival for childhood leukaemia were still large as recently as 2005-09, when age-standardised survival for lymphoid leukaemias ranged from 52.4% (95% CI 42.8-61.9) in Cali, Colombia, to 91.6% (89.5-93.6) in the German registries, and for AML ranged from 33.3% (18.9-47.7) in Bulgaria to 78.2% (72.0-84.3) in German registries. Survival from precursor-cell ALL was very close to that of all lymphoid leukaemias combined, with similar variation. In most countries, survival from AML improved more than survival from ALL between 2000-04 and 2005-09. Survival for each type of leukaemia varied markedly with age: survival was highest for children aged 1-4 and 5-9 years, and lowest for infants (younger than 1 year). There was no systematic difference in survival between boys and girls.
Interpretation Global inequalities in survival from childhood leukaemia have narrowed with time but remain very wide for both ALL and AML. These results provide useful information for health policy makers on the effectiveness of health-care systems and for cancer policy makers to reduce inequalities in childhood survival
Lancet
BACKGROUND: In 2015, the second cycle of the CONCORD programme established global surveillance of cancer survival as a metric of the effectiveness of health systems and to inform global policy on cancer control. CONCORD-3 updates the worldwide surveillance of cancer survival to 2014. METHODS: CONCORD-3 includes individual records for 37.5 million patients diagnosed with cancer during the 15-year period 2000-14. Data were provided by 322 population-based cancer registries in 71 countries and territories, 47 of which provided data with 100% population coverage. The study includes 18 cancers or groups of cancers: oesophagus, stomach, colon, rectum, liver, pancreas, lung, breast (women), cervix, ovary, prostate, and melanoma of the skin in adults, and brain tumours, leukaemias, and lymphomas in both adults and children. Standardised quality control procedures were applied; errors were rectified by the registry concerned. We estimated 5-year net survival. Estimates were age-standardised with the International Cancer Survival Standard weights. FINDINGS: For most cancers, 5-year net survival remains among the highest in the world in the USA and Canada, in Australia and New Zealand, and in Finland, Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. For many cancers, Denmark is closing the survival gap with the other Nordic countries. Survival trends are generally increasing, even for some of the more lethal cancers: in some countries, survival has increased by up to 5% for cancers of the liver, pancreas, and lung. For women diagnosed during 2010-14, 5-year survival for breast cancer is now 89.5% in Australia and 90.2% in the USA, but international differences remain very wide, with levels as low as 66.1% in India. For gastrointestinal cancers, the highest levels of 5-year survival are seen in southeast Asia: in South Korea for cancers of the stomach (68.9%), colon (71.8%), and rectum (71.1%); in Japan for oesophageal cancer (36.0%); and in Taiwan for liver cancer (27.9%). By contrast, in the same world region, survival is generally lower than elsewhere for melanoma of the skin (59.9% in South Korea, 52.1% in Taiwan, and 49.6% in China), and for both lymphoid malignancies (52.5%, 50.5%, and 38.3%) and myeloid malignancies (45.9%, 33.4%, and 24.8%). For children diagnosed during 2010-14, 5-year survival for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia ranged from 49.8% in Ecuador to 95.2% in Finland. 5-year survival from brain tumours in children is higher than for adults but the global range is very wide (from 28.9% in Brazil to nearly 80% in Sweden and Denmark). INTERPRETATION: The CONCORD programme enables timely comparisons of the overall effectiveness of health systems in providing care for 18 cancers that collectively represent 75% of all cancers diagnosed worldwide every year. It contributes to the evidence base for global policy on cancer control. Since 2017, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development has used findings from the CONCORD programme as the official benchmark of cancer survival, among their indicators of the quality of health care in 48 countries worldwide. Governments must recognise population-based cancer registries as key policy tools that can be used to evaluate both the impact of cancer prevention strategies and the effectiveness of health systems for all patients diagnosed with cancer. FUNDING: American Cancer Society; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Swiss Re; Swiss Cancer Research foundation; Swiss Cancer League; Institut National du Cancer; La Ligue Contre le Cancer; Rossy Family Foundation; US National Cancer Institute; and the Susan G Komen Foundation
The histology of ovarian cancer: worldwide distribution and implications for international survival comparisons (CONCORD-2)
Objective Ovarian cancers comprise several histologically distinct tumour groups with widely different prognosis. We aimed to describe the worldwide distribution of ovarian cancer histology and to understand what role this may play in international variation in survival. Methods The CONCORD programme is the largest population-based study of global trends in cancer survival. Data on 681,759 women diagnosed during 1995â\u80\u932009 with cancer of the ovary, fallopian tube, peritoneum and retroperitonum in 51 countries were included. We categorised ovarian tumours into six histological groups, and explored the worldwide distribution of histology. Results During 2005â\u80\u932009, type II epithelial tumours were the most common. The proportion was much higher in Oceania (73.1%), North America (73.0%) and Europe (72.6%) than in Central and South America (65.7%) and Asia (56.1%). By contrast, type I epithelial tumours were more common in Asia (32.5%), compared with only 19.4% in North America. From 1995 to 2009, the proportion of type II epithelial tumours increased from 68.6% to 71.1%, while the proportion of type I epithelial tumours fell from 23.8% to 21.2%. The proportions of germ cell tumours, sex cord-stromal tumours, other specific non-epithelial tumours and tumours of non-specific morphology all remained stable over time. Conclusions The distribution of ovarian cancer histology varies widely worldwide. Type I epithelial, germ cell and sex cord-stromal tumours are generally associated with higher survival than type II tumours, so the proportion of these tumours may influence survival estimates for all ovarian cancers combined. The distribution of histological groups should be considered when comparing survival between countries and regions
Global surveillance of cancer survival 1995-2009: analysis of individual data for 25,676,887 patients from 279 population-based registries in 67 countries (CONCORD-2)
BACKGROUND:
Worldwide data for cancer survival are scarce. We aimed to initiate worldwide surveillance of cancer survival by central analysis of population-based registry data, as a metric of the effectiveness of health systems, and to inform global policy on cancer control.
METHODS:
Individual tumour records were submitted by 279 population-based cancer registries in 67 countries for 25·7 million adults (age 15-99 years) and 75,000 children (age 0-14 years) diagnosed with cancer during 1995-2009 and followed up to Dec 31, 2009, or later. We looked at cancers of the stomach, colon, rectum, liver, lung, breast (women), cervix, ovary, and prostate in adults, and adult and childhood leukaemia. Standardised quality control procedures were applied; errors were corrected by the registry concerned. We estimated 5-year net survival, adjusted for background mortality in every country or region by age (single year), sex, and calendar year, and by race or ethnic origin in some countries. Estimates were age-standardised with the International Cancer Survival Standard weights.
FINDINGS:
5-year survival from colon, rectal, and breast cancers has increased steadily in most developed countries. For patients diagnosed during 2005-09, survival for colon and rectal cancer reached 60% or more in 22 countries around the world; for breast cancer, 5-year survival rose to 85% or higher in 17 countries worldwide. Liver and lung cancer remain lethal in all nations: for both cancers, 5-year survival is below 20% everywhere in Europe, in the range 15-19% in North America, and as low as 7-9% in Mongolia and Thailand. Striking rises in 5-year survival from prostate cancer have occurred in many countries: survival rose by 10-20% between 1995-99 and 2005-09 in 22 countries in South America, Asia, and Europe, but survival still varies widely around the world, from less than 60% in Bulgaria and Thailand to 95% or more in Brazil, Puerto Rico, and the USA. For cervical cancer, national estimates of 5-year survival range from less than 50% to more than 70%; regional variations are much wider, and improvements between 1995-99 and 2005-09 have generally been slight. For women diagnosed with ovarian cancer in 2005-09, 5-year survival was 40% or higher only in Ecuador, the USA, and 17 countries in Asia and Europe. 5-year survival for stomach cancer in 2005-09 was high (54-58%) in Japan and South Korea, compared with less than 40% in other countries. By contrast, 5-year survival from adult leukaemia in Japan and South Korea (18-23%) is lower than in most other countries. 5-year survival from childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia is less than 60% in several countries, but as high as 90% in Canada and four European countries, which suggests major deficiencies in the management of a largely curable disease.
INTERPRETATION:
International comparison of survival trends reveals very wide differences that are likely to be attributable to differences in access to early diagnosis and optimum treatment. Continuous worldwide surveillance of cancer survival should become an indispensable source of information for cancer patients and researchers and a stimulus for politicians to improve health policy and health-care systems
Worldwide trends in population-based survival for children, adolescents, and young adults diagnosed with leukaemia, by subtype, during 2000–14 (CONCORD-3) : analysis of individual data from 258 cancer registries in 61 countries
Background Leukaemias comprise a heterogenous group of haematological malignancies. In CONCORD-3, we analysed
data for children (aged 0–14 years) and adults (aged 15–99 years) diagnosed with a haematological malignancy
during 2000–14 in 61 countries. Here, we aimed to examine worldwide trends in survival from leukaemia, by age and
morphology, in young patients (aged 0–24 years).
Methods We analysed data from 258 population-based cancer registries in 61 countries participating in CONCORD-3
that submitted data on patients diagnosed with leukaemia. We grouped patients by age as children (0–14 years),
adolescents (15–19 years), and young adults (20–24 years). We categorised leukaemia subtypes according to the
International Classification of Childhood Cancer (ICCC-3), updated with International Classification of Diseases
for Oncology, third edition (ICD-O-3) codes. We estimated 5-year net survival by age and morphology, with 95% CIs,
using the non-parametric Pohar-Perme estimator. To control for background mortality, we used life tables by
country or region, single year of age, single calendar year and sex, and, where possible, by race or ethnicity. All-age
survival estimates were standardised to the marginal distribution of young people with leukaemia included in the
analysis.
Findings 164563 young people were included in this analysis: 121328 (73·7%) children, 22963 (14·0%) adolescents, and
20272 (12·3%) young adults. In 2010–14, the most common subtypes were lymphoid leukaemia (28205 [68·2%] patients)
and acute myeloid leukaemia (7863 [19·0%] patients). Age-standardised 5-year net survival in children, adolescents, and
young adults for all leukaemias combined during 2010–14 varied widely, ranging from 46% in Mexico to more than
85% in Canada, Cyprus, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, and Australia. Individuals with lymphoid leukaemia had better
age-standardised survival (from 43% in Ecuador to ≥80% in parts of Europe, North America, Oceania, and Asia) than
those with acute myeloid leukaemia (from 32% in Peru to ≥70% in most high-income countries in Europe,
North America, and Oceania). Throughout 2000–14, survival from all leukaemias combined remained consistently
higher for children than adolescents and young adults, and minimal improvement was seen for adolescents and young
adults in most countries.
Interpretation This study offers the first worldwide picture of population-based survival from leukaemia in children,
adolescents, and young adults. Adolescents and young adults diagnosed with leukaemia continue to have lower
survival than children. Trends in survival from leukaemia for adolescents and young adults are important indicators
of the quality of cancer management in this age group.peer-reviewe
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