Ordovician and Silurian igneous rocks and orthogeneisses in the Catalonian Coastel Ranges

These rocks exhibit calc-alkaline affinities and may have originated by partial melting of the crust in a post-collision, anorogenic setting. Orthogneisses derived from biotite-bearing leucogranites occur within aprobably cambrian heterogeneous series. Petrological and geochemical features suggest that they might be genetically related to the ordovician vulcanites. Basic sills and volcanoclastic rocks occur intercalated within a mainly pelitic formation in the lower part of the Silurian sequence. The silurian igneous rocks are alkali basalts and may reflect an extensional regime

Profile of Innate Immunity in Gilthead Seabream Larvae Reflects Mortality upon Betanodavirus Reassortant Infection and Replication

Historically, gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) has been considered a fish species resistant to nervous necrosis virus (NNV) disease. Nevertheless, mortality in seabream hatcheries, associated with typical clinical signs of the viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER) disease has been confirmed to be caused by RGNNV/SJNNV reassortants. Because of this, seabream larvae at 37 and 86 days post-hatching (dph) were infected by immersion with RGNNV/SJNNV and SJNNV/RGNNV reassortants under laboratory conditions, and mortality, viral replication and immunity were evaluated. Our results show that gilthead seabream larvae, mainly those at 37 dph, are susceptible to infection with both NNV reassortant genotypes, with the highest impact from the RGNNV/SJNNV reassortant. In addition, viral replication occurs at both ages (37 and 86 dph) but the recovery of infective particles was only confirmed in 37 dph larvae,; this value was also highest with the RGNNV/SJNNV reassortant. Larvae immunity, including the expression of antiviral, inflammatory and cell-mediated cytotoxicity genes, was affected by NNV infection. Levels of the natural killer lysin (Nkl) peptide were increased in SJNNV/RGNNV-infected larvae of 37 dph, though hepcidin was not. Our results demonstrate that the seabream larvae are susceptible to both NNV reassortants, though mainly to RGNNV/SJNNV, in an age-dependent manner.Versión del editor2,46

Basement membrane-rich Organoids with functional human blood vessels are permissive niches for human breast cancer metastasis

Metastasic breast cancer is the leading cause of death by malignancy in women worldwide. Tumor metastasis is a multistep process encompassing local invasion of cancer cells at primary tumor site, intravasation into the blood vessel, survival in systemic circulation, and extravasation across the endothelium to metastasize at a secondary site. However, only a small percentage of circulating cancer cells initiate metastatic colonies. This fact, together with the inaccessibility and structural complexity of target tissues has hampered the study of the later steps in cancer metastasis. In addition, most data are derived from in vivo models where critical steps such as intravasation/extravasation of human cancer cells are mediated by murine endothelial cells. Here, we developed a new mouse model to study the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying late steps of the metastatic cascade. We have shown that a network of functional human blood vessels can be formed by co-implantation of human endothelial cells and mesenchymal cells, embedded within a reconstituted basement membrane-like matrix and inoculated subcutaneously into immunodeficient mice. The ability of circulating cancer cells to colonize these human vascularized organoids was next assessed in an orthotopic model of human breast cancer by bioluminescent imaging, molecular techniques and immunohistological analysis. We demonstrate that disseminated human breast cancer cells efficiently colonize organoids containing a functional microvessel network composed of human endothelial cells, connected to the mouse circulatory system. Human breast cancer cells could be clearly detected at different stages of the metastatic process: initial arrest in the human microvasculature, extravasation, and growth into avascular micrometastases. This new mouse model may help us to map the extravasation process with unprecedented detail, opening the way for the identification of relevant targets for therapeutic intervention

Smartphone sensors for monitoring cancer-related Quality of Life: App design, EORTC QLQ-C30 mapping and feasibility study in healthy subjects

[EN] Quality of life (QoL) indicators are now being adopted as clinical outcomes in clinical trials on cancer treatments. Technology-free daily monitoring of patients is complicated, time-consuming and expensive due to the need for vast amounts of resources and personnel. The alternative method of using the patients¿ own phones could reduce the burden of continuous monitoring of cancer patients in clinical trials. This paper proposes monitoring the patients¿ QoL by gathering data from their own phones. We considered that the continuous multiparametric acquisition of movement, location, phone calls, conversations and data use could be employed to simultaneously monitor their physical, psychological, social and environmental aspects. An open access phone app was developed (Human Dynamics Reporting Service (HDRS)) to implement this approach. We here propose a novel mapping between the standardized QoL items for these patients, the European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire (EORTC QLQ-C30) and define HDRS monitoring indicators. A pilot study with university volunteers verified the plausibility of detecting human activity indicators directly related to QoL.Funding for this study was provided by the authors' various departments, and partially by the CrowdHealth Project (Collective Wisdom Driving Public Health Policies (727560)) and the MTS4up project (DPI2016-80054-R).Asensio Cuesta, S.; Sánchez-García, Á.; Conejero, JA.; Sáez Silvestre, C.; Rivero-Rodriguez, A.; Garcia-Gomez, JM. (2019). Smartphone sensors for monitoring cancer-related Quality of Life: App design, EORTC QLQ-C30 mapping and feasibility study in healthy subjects. International Journal of Environmental research and Public Health. 16(3):1-18. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16030461S118163Number of Smartphone Users Worldwide from 2014 to 2020 (in Billions)https://www.statista.com/statistics/330695/number-of-smartphone-users-worldwide/Mirkovic, J., Kaufman, D. R., & Ruland, C. M. (2014). Supporting Cancer Patients in Illness Management: Usability Evaluation of a Mobile App. JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 2(3), e33. doi:10.2196/mhealth.3359Xing Su, Hanghang Tong, & Ping Ji. (2014). Activity recognition with smartphone sensors. Tsinghua Science and Technology, 19(3), 235-249. doi:10.1109/tst.2014.6838194Schmitz Weiss, A. (2013). Exploring News Apps and Location-Based Services on the Smartphone. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 90(3), 435-456. doi:10.1177/1077699013493788Higgins, J. P. (2016). Smartphone Applications for Patients’ Health and Fitness. The American Journal of Medicine, 129(1), 11-19. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2015.05.038Rivenson, Y., Ceylan Koydemir, H., Wang, H., Wei, Z., Ren, Z., Günaydın, H., … Ozcan, A. (2018). Deep Learning Enhanced Mobile-Phone Microscopy. ACS Photonics, 5(6), 2354-2364. doi:10.1021/acsphotonics.8b00146Priye, A., Ball, C. S., & Meagher, R. J. (2018). Colorimetric-Luminance Readout for Quantitative Analysis of Fluorescence Signals with a Smartphone CMOS Sensor. Analytical Chemistry, 90(21), 12385-12389. doi:10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03521Measuring Quality of Life for Cancer Patients: Where Are We Today and Where Are We Headed Tomorrow?http://blog.mdsol.com/measuring-quality-of-life-for-cancer-patients-where-are-we-today-and-where-are-we-headed-tomorrow/Zulueta, J., Piscitello, A., Rasic, M., Easter, R., Babu, P., Langenecker, S. A., … Leow, A. (2018). Predicting Mood Disturbance Severity with Mobile Phone Keystroke Metadata: A BiAffect Digital Phenotyping Study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 20(7), e241. doi:10.2196/jmir.9775Caruso, R., GiuliaNanni, M., Riba, M. B., Sabato, S., & Grassi, L. (2017). Depressive Spectrum Disorders in Cancer: Diagnostic Issues and Intervention. A Critical Review. Current Psychiatry Reports, 19(6). doi:10.1007/s11920-017-0785-7THE WHOQOL GROUP. (1998). Development of the World Health Organization WHOQOL-BREF Quality of Life Assessment. Psychological Medicine, 28(3), 551-558. doi:10.1017/s0033291798006667Basic Issues Concerning Health-Related Quality of Life. (2017). Central European Journal of Urology, 70(2). doi:10.5173/ceju.2017.923Sloan, J. A. (2011). Metrics to Assess Quality of Life After Management of Early-Stage Lung Cancer. The Cancer Journal, 17(1), 63-67. doi:10.1097/ppo.0b013e31820e15dcBordoni, R., Ciardiello, F., von Pawel, J., Cortinovis, D., Karagiannis, T., Ballinger, M., … Rittmeyer, A. (2018). Patient-Reported Outcomes in OAK: A Phase III Study of Atezolizumab Versus Docetaxel in Advanced Non–Small-cell Lung Cancer. Clinical Lung Cancer, 19(5), 441-449.e4. doi:10.1016/j.cllc.2018.05.011Hartkopf, A. D., Graf, J., Simoes, E., Keilmann, L., Sickenberger, N., Gass, P., … Wallwiener, M. (2017). Electronic-Based Patient-Reported Outcomes: Willingness, Needs, and Barriers in Adjuvant and Metastatic Breast Cancer Patients. JMIR Cancer, 3(2), e11. doi:10.2196/cancer.6996Wallwiener, M., Matthies, L., Simoes, E., Keilmann, L., Hartkopf, A. D., Sokolov, A. N., … Brucker, S. Y. (2017). Reliability of an e-PRO Tool of EORTC QLQ-C30 for Measurement of Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients With Breast Cancer: Prospective Randomized Trial. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 19(9), e322. doi:10.2196/jmir.8210Gresham, G., Hendifar, A. E., Spiegel, B., Neeman, E., Tuli, R., Rimel, B. J., … Shinde, A. M. (2018). Wearable activity monitors to assess performance status and predict clinical outcomes in advanced cancer patients. npj Digital Medicine, 1(1). doi:10.1038/s41746-018-0032-6BOHANNON, R. W. (1997). Comfortable and maximum walking speed of adults aged 20—79 years: reference values and determinants. Age and Ageing, 26(1), 15-19. doi:10.1093/ageing/26.1.15Pérez-García, V. M., Fitzpatrick, S., Pérez-Romasanta, L. A., Pesic, M., Schucht, P., Arana, E., & Sánchez-Gómez, P. (2016). Applied mathematics and nonlinear sciences in the war on cancer. Applied Mathematics and Nonlinear Sciences, 1(2), 423-436. doi:10.21042/amns.2016.2.00036Shin, W., Song, S., Jung, S.-Y., Lee, E., Kim, Z., Moon, H.-G., … Lee, J. E. (2017). The association between physical activity and health-related quality of life among breast cancer survivors. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 15(1). doi:10.1186/s12955-017-0706-9Wearable Fitness Monitors Useful in Cancer Treatment, Study Findswww.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/05/180501130856.htmBade, B. C., Brooks, M. C., Nietert, S. B., Ulmer, A., Thomas, D. D., Nietert, P. J., … Silvestri, G. A. (2016). Assessing the Correlation Between Physical Activity and Quality of Life in Advanced Lung Cancer. Integrative Cancer Therapies, 17(1), 73-79. doi:10.1177/1534735416684016Fortner, B. V., Stepanski, E. J., Wang, S. C., Kasprowicz, S., & Durrence, H. H. (2002). Sleep and Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Patients. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 24(5), 471-480. doi:10.1016/s0885-3924(02)00500-6Mishra, S. I., Scherer, R. W., Snyder, C., Geigle, P., & Gotay, C. (2014). Are Exercise Programs Effective for Improving Health-Related Quality of Life Among Cancer Survivors? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Oncology Nursing Forum, 41(6), E326-E342. doi:10.1188/14.onf.e326-e342Ratcliff, C. G., Lam, C. Y., Arun, B., Valero, V., & Cohen, L. (2014). Ecological momentary assessment of sleep, symptoms, and mood during chemotherapy for breast cancer. Psycho-Oncology, 23(11), 1220-1228. doi:10.1002/pon.3525Cox, S. M., Lane, A., & Volchenboum, S. L. (2018). Use of Wearable, Mobile, and Sensor Technology in Cancer Clinical Trials. JCO Clinical Cancer Informatics, (2), 1-11. doi:10.1200/cci.17.00147Brown, W., Yen, P.-Y., Rojas, M., & Schnall, R. (2013). Assessment of the Health IT Usability Evaluation Model (Health-ITUEM) for evaluating mobile health (mHealth) technology. Journal of Biomedical Informatics, 46(6), 1080-1087. doi:10.1016/j.jbi.2013.08.001Darlow, S., & Wen, K.-Y. (2016). Development testing of mobile health interventions for cancer patient self-management: A review. 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Музично-етнографічні польові дослідження (на прикладі обстеження історичної Хотинщини)

The author of the article researches the approaches of musical-ethnographic work, its methods and goals, as well as the choice of the specific territory and its exploration defined by them. The author comments on his intention to examine the area of Khotyn, which now is a part of Chernivtsy region; explains the methods of examining the territory. Pluses and minuses of the existing song collections dedicated to the given district are under consideration in this article. In conclusion short information about Northern Bessarabia and its population is given

Potential Impacts in the Gilthead Seabream Larviculture by Nodavirus

The nervous necrosis virus (NNV) leads to viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER) disease in more than 170 fish species, mainly from marine habitats. It replicates in the central nervous tissues, reaching up to 100% mortalities after a few days of infection, mainly in the larvae and juvenile stages. This is continuously spreading and affecting more species, both wild and cultured, posing a risk to the development of the aquaculture industry. In the Mediterranean Sea, it mainly affects European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and some grouper species (Epinephelus spp.). Interestingly, in the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), typically resistant to common NNV strains, great mortalities in hatcheries associated with typical clinical signs of VER have been confirmed to be caused by RGNNV/SJNNV reassortants. Thus, we have evaluated the susceptibility of seabream larvae to either RGNNV/SJNNV or SJNNV/RGNNV reassortants, as well as the larval immunity. Based on our results we can conclude that: (i) gilthead seabream larvae are susceptible to infection with both NNV reassortant genotypes, but mainly to RGNNV/SJNNV; (ii) virus replicated and infective particles were isolated; (iii) larval immunity was correlated with larval survival; and (iv) larval resistance and immunity were correlated with age of the larvae. Further investigations should be carried out to ascertain the risks of these new pathogens to Mediterranean larviculture

Genomic Analysis of West Nile Virus Lineage 1 Detected in Mosquitoes during the 2020–2021 Outbreaks in Andalusia, Spain

Emerging infectious diseases are one of the most important global health challenges because of their impact on human and animal health. The vector-borne West Nile virus (WNV) is transmitted between birds by mosquitos, but it can also infect humans and horses causing disease. The local circulation of WNV in Spain has been known for decades, and since 2010, there have been regular outbreaks in horses, although only six cases were reported in humans until 2019. In 2020, Spain experienced a major outbreak with 77 human cases, which was followed by 6 additional cases in 2021, most of them in the Andalusian region (southern Spain). This study aimed to characterize the genomes of the WNV circulating in wild-trapped mosquitoes during 2020 and 2021 in Andalusia. We sequenced the WNV consensus genome from two mosquito pools and carried out the phylogenetic analyses. We also compared the obtained genomes with those sequenced from human samples obtained during the outbreak and the genomes obtained previously in Spain from birds (2007 and 2017), mosquitoes (2008) and horses (2010) to better understand the eco-epidemiology of WNV in Spain. As expected, the WNV genomes recovered from mosquito pools in 2020 were closely related to those recovered from humans of the same outbreak. In addition, the strain of WNV circulating in 2021 was highly related to the WNV strain that caused the 2020 outbreak, suggesting that WNV is overwintering in the area. Consequently, future outbreaks of the same strain may occur in in the future.This research was funded by the Research State Agency projects PGC2018-095704-B-I00 and PID2020-118921RJ-I00Instituto de Salud Carlos III Project PI19CIII_00014European Commission—NextGenerationEU (Regulation EU 2020/2094), through CSIC’s Global Health Platform (PTI Salud Global+)

Suplementación parenteral de cobre en vacas gestantes: efecto sobre postparto y terneros

Objetivo. Evaluar el efecto del cobre en vacas gestantes sobre el comportamiento reproductivo posparto y la salud del ternero. Materiales y métodos. Se estudiaron 80 vacas divididas en dos grupos de 40 animales cada uno. El grupo A fue tratado con 2 ml de CuSO4 (2.5%) subcutáneamente. El tratamiento se inició a los 8 meses de gestación, y se repitió a los 30 y 90 días post parto. El grupo B, se uso como control. A las vacas se les analizó el perfil hematoquímico, intervalo parto primer servicio (IPPS), intervalo parto concepción (IPC), intervalo parto-parto (IPP), índice de natalidad (IN), índice de inseminación (II) y la eficiencia en la detección de la hembra en estro (EDHE) y a los terneros los parámetros hematoquímicos. Los datos se procesaron mediante Statgraphics Plus 5.0, para las diferencias entre medias de los datos hemoquímicos y reproductivos se aplicó (ANOVA) y comparaciones de proporciones IN y EDHE. Se empleó la correlación y regresión simple para demostrar la relación del cobre con las demás parámetros estudiados. Resultados. La administración subcutánea de cobre incrementó los niveles de dicho elemento en sangre, hierro y hemoglobina (p< 0.001); así como la disminución del IPPS, IPC, IPP, IN, EDHE, e II (p< 0.05). En los terneros se aumentó la cupremia (p< 0.001), la hemoglobina (p< 0.01) y las proteínas totales (p< 0.05). Conclusiones. El tratamiento aplicado incrementó los indicadores hematoquímicos y reproductivos en los animales tratados