STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS ECHINODERMATA DI PERAIRAN DANGKAL PULAU PANDANG KABUPATEN BATU BARA PROVINSI SUMATERA UTARA

ABSTRAK Pulau Pandang merupakan salah satu pulau yang terdapat di Perairan Selat Malaka. Pulau ini memiliki berbagai biota laut khususnya Filum Echinodermata.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kepadatan, keanekaragaman, kemerataan, dominansi dan kondisi lingkungan perairan dangkal Pulau Pandang. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Bulan Mei 2016 di perairan dangkal Pulau Pandang menggunakan metode observasi langsung. Pengambilan data Echinodermata dilakukan dengan metode transek kuadrat. Kepadatan Echinodermata dianalisis dengan rumus kepadatan, keanekaragaman dengan rumus indeks keanekaragaman, kemerataan dengan rumus indeks kemerataan, dominansi dengan rumus indeks dominansi, dan kondisi lingkungan perairan dianalisis secara deskritif. Hasil pengamatan diperoleh 4 spesies Echinodermata yaitu Diadema setosum, Holothuria atra, Holothuria leucopsilota, dan Ophiocoma erinaceus, dengan kepadatan Echinodermata 13 ind/m2 sampai 21 ind/m2. Indeks keanekaragaman yang diperoleh berkisar antara 0,54-1,06; Indeks kemerataan berkisar 0,78-0,96; dan Indeks dominansi berkisar 0,36-0,64. Tingkat keanekaragaman Echinodermata di Pulau Pandang tergolong rendah sampai sedang, kemerataan tergolong tinggi dan dominansi tergolong rendah sampai sedang. Secara umum, kondisi perairan dangkal Pulau Pandang masih sesuai dengan kehidupan Echinodermata dengan dominansi substrat berpasir.Kata Kunci: Dominansi, Echinodermata, keanekaragaman, kemerataan, kepadatan, Pulau Pandang

KORELASI KOMUNITAS LAMUN DENGAN KOMUNITAS ECHINODERMATA DI PANTAI SINDANGKERTA KECAMATAN CIPATUJAH KABUPATEN TASIKMALAYA JAWA BARAT

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur korelasi komunitas lamun dengan komunitas Echinodermata di Pantai Sindangkerta Kecamatan Sindangkerta Kabupaten Tasikmalaya, Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini menggnakan metode deskriptif korelasional dan dilaksanakan pada bulan April 2016. Metode pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan desain Belt Transek dan handsorting. variabel yang diteliti ialah komunitas lamun dan komunitas Echinodermata. Jenis tumbuhan lamun yang ditemukan di Pantai Sindangkerta adalah Thalassia hemprichii (Enrenberg) Ascherson. jenis Echinodermata yang ditemukan adalah bulu babi (Diadema Setosum), bintang ular laut (Ophiocoma dentate), teripang (Holothuria leucospilota). Stasiun penelitian terdiri atas 6 stasiun, masing-masing stasitun terdiri dari 5 kuadrat. Pengambilan sampel sebanyak 2 kali setiap stasiun penelitian. Identifikasi sampel dilakukan di Laboratorium Biologi, FKIP Universitas Pasundan Bandung. Hasil analisis data penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelimpahan lamun berkisar 640-1920 ind/m 2 , kelimpahan echinodermata berkisar 1- 40 ind/m 2 , Indeks keanekaragaman (H’) echinodermata berkisar 0 – 0,35. Kisaran nilai indeks keanekaragaman (H’) echinodermata menunjukkan bahwa di Pantai Sindangkerta memiliki keanekaragaman jenis yang rendah. Penentuan korelasi antara kelimpahan lamun dengan kelimpahan Echinodermata menggunakan regresi liner melalui aplikasi pengolahan data SPSS. hasil penelitian menujukkan nilai korelasi lamun dengan echinodermata (r) -0,382 yang berarti hubungan diantara keduanya rendah tetapi arah hubungannya berlawanan ditandai dengan garis lurus yang bernilai minus/negatif. Nilai koefisien determinasi (r 2 ) diperoleh 0,15 ini berarti pengaruh komunitas lamun terhadap kelangsungan hidup echinodermata di Pantai Sindangkerta hanya sebesar 15%. Kata kunci: Korelasi, Komunitas, Lamun, Echinodermata, Belt Transe

A bioturbation classification of European marine infaunal invertebrates

Bioturbation, the biogenic modification of sediments through particle reworking and burrow ventilation, is a key mediator of many important geochemical processes in marine systems. In situ quantification of bioturbation can be achieved in a myriad of ways, requiring expert knowledge, technology, and resources not always available, and not feasible in some settings. Where dedicated research programmes do not exist, a practical alternative is the adoption of a trait-based approach to estimate community bioturbation potential (BPc). This index can be calculated from inventories of species, abundance and biomass data (routinely available for many systems), and a functional classification of organism traits associated with sediment mixing (less available). Presently, however, there is no agreed standard categorization for the reworking mode and mobility of benthic species. Based on information from the literature and expert opinion, we provide a functional classification for 1033 benthic invertebrate species from the northwest European continental shelf, as a tool to enable the standardized calculation of BPc in the region. Future uses of this classification table will increase the comparability and utility of large-scale assessments of ecosystem processes and functioning influenced by bioturbation (e.g., to support legislation). The key strengths, assumptions, and limitations of BPc as a metric are critically reviewed, offering guidelines for its calculation and application

KEANEKARAGAMAN DAN STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS ECHINODERMATA DI EKOSISTEM LAMUN PERAIRAN PULAU PANNIKIANG SULAWESI SELATAN

  Penelitian mengenai Echinodermata sudah banyak dilakukan, namun di Pulau Panikiang, masih sangat terbatas, sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih dalam mengenai keanekaragaman Echinodermata. Telah dilakukan penelitian mengenai Echinodermata dengan menggunakan line transect kombinasi plot. Dimana panjang line transect 50 m dan plot dengan ukuran 2 x 2 m. Echinodermata yang berada dalam plot dihitung jumlah individunya, diamati morfologinya, diambil gambarnya untuk identifikasi lebih lanjut. Dilakukan analisis data keanekaragaman jenis, kemerataan, persebaran jenis dan dominansi. Ditemukan 10 species Echinodermata, yang terdiri dari 8 genera dan 8 famili. Memiliki tingkat keanekaragaman Echinodermata tergolong bervariasi (0.122251 - 2.014903).   Kata Kunci: Echinodermata, Pulau Pannikiang, Ekosistem Lamun

Reconstructing discards profiles of unreported catches

In Portugal it has been estimated that unreported catches represent one third of total catches. Herein, information on landings and total unreported catches (discards) by commercial métier were disaggregated into high taxonomic detail using published scientific studies. Fish accounted for 93.5% (115493 t) of overall unreported catches per year, followed by cephalopods (2345 t, 1.9%) and crustaceans (1754 t, 1.4%). Sharks accounted for 1.3% of total unreported catches in weight (1638 t/y). Unreported taxa consisted mostly of the commercial landed fish species: Scomber colias, Boops boops, Trachurus picturatus, T. trachurus, Merluccius merluccius, Sardina pilchardus, Liza aurata and Micromesistius poutassou, which together accounted for 70% of the unreported discarded catches. The number of unreported/discarded species was highest in artisanal fisheries, followed by trawl and purse seine. In artisanal fisheries, L. aurata, S. colias, S. pilchardus, Trachinus draco and B. boops accounted for 76.4% of the unreported discards. B. boops, S. colias and S. pilchardus were also among the most discarded purse seine species, together with Belone belone accounting for 79% of the unreported catches. In trawl fisheries, T. picturatus (16%), M. merluccius (13%), S. colias (13%) and M. poutassou (13%) accounted for 55% of the trawl discarded unreported catches. The discarded species that most contribute to overall unreported catches are those that are most frequently landed and that most contribute to overall landings in weight.SFRH/BD/104209/2014 and SFRH/ BPD/108949/2015). This work received national funds through the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) through project UID/Multi/04326/2013. Karim Erzini was supported by funding from the European Commission’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant Agreement No. 634495 for the project Science, Technology, and Society Initiative to minimize Unwanted Catches in European Fisheries (MINOUW)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Echinoderms diversity in the Southwestern Atlantic

Studies of biodiversity of echinoderms from South America have increased in recent years. Here we summarize sampling done on three expeditions along the Argentinean coast (35º - 55º S) and near the Antarctic Peninsula. The first campaign, Mejillón II (M-II; 2009), was carried out between 35º - 39º S and covered a depth range between 10 to 140 m. The second was part of the Summer Antarctic Campaign 2011 (CAV-III; 2011) that took place around the Antarctic Peninsula, South Shetland and South Orkney Islands (depth range between 67 to 754 m). The last cruise was the final stretch of the Summer Antarctic Campaign 2011 (CAV-IV; 2011), from 39º - 55º S and between 30 - 140 m depth. As result, 74 stations have been studied, of which 68 had at least one echinoderm specimen. From the total number of stations, the occurrence percentages for each class were Asteroidea (68 %), Echinoidea (64 %), Ophiuroidea (55 %), Holothuroidea (51 %) and Crinoidea (20 %). In the M-II campaign, echinoderms were presented in 94 % of the sampled stations, with Echinoidea most frequent (74 %). In the CAV-III campaign echinoderms were presented in all the stations; Ophiuroidea were found in all stations. The lowest occurrence of echinoderms was found in the CAV-IV campaign (82 %), where Asteroidea was present in the 73 % of the samples, and crinoids were absent.Fil: Martinez, Mariano Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; ArgentinaFil: Arribas, Lorena Pilar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; ArgentinaFil: Berecoechea, Juan José. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; ArgentinaFil: Brogger, Martin Ignacio. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Nacional Patagónico; ArgentinaFil: Penchaszadeh, Pablo Enrique. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentin

An Early Cretaceous astropectinid (Echinodermata, Asteroidea) from Patagonia (Argentina): a new species and the oldest record of the family for the Southern Hemisphere

Los asterozoos son echinodermos de vida libre, con forma de estrella, y componentes importantes de las faunas marinas bentónicas a nivel mundial. Su registro fósil, sin embargo, es pobre y fragmentario, probablemente debido a la desarticulación de los osículos. En particular, los asteroideos fósiles son poco frecuentes en América del Sur. Se presenta aquí una nueva especie de estrella de mar de edad valanginiana proveniente de la Formación Mulichinco (cuenca Neuquina), en un contexto de ambiente somero de ‘shoreface’ dominado por tormentas. El espécimen pertenece a la Familia Astropectinidae y fue asignado al género Tethyaster Sladen. T. antares sp. nov., se caracteriza por una relación R:r de 2.43:1, marginales rectangulares más anchos en los ángulos interbraquiales, inferomarginales (28 pares a lo largo de un arco medial) con perfil ligeramente convexo y espinas planas (una por osículo en las áreas interbraquiales y dos por osículo en los brazos). Las características sedimentológicas y tafonómicas indican un enterramiento rápido. La presencia de fasciolas bien desarrolladas sugiere la posibilidad de que el espécimen se hallara parcialmente enterrado al comienzo de su ruta tafonómica. Este registro representa el hallazgo más antiguo de Astropectinidae en el Hemisferio Sur y el primer registro del género Tethyaster en el Cretácico Inferior de Sudamérica.Asterozoans are free living, star-shaped echinoderms which are important components of benthic marine faunas worldwide. Their fossil record is, however, poor and fragmentary, probably due to dissarticulation of ossicles. In particular, fossil asteroids are infrequent in South America. A new species of starfish is reported from the early Valanginian of the Mulichinco Formation, Neuquén Basin, in the context of a shallow-water, storm-dominated shoreface environment. The specimen belongs to the Astropectinidae, and was assigned to a new species within the genus Tethyaster Sladen, T. antares sp. nov., characterized by a R:r ratio of 2.43:1, rectangular marginals wider in the interbrachial angles, inferomarginals (28 pairs along a median arc) with slightly convex profile and flat spines (one per ossicle in the interbrachials and two per ossicle in the arms). Both the sedimentologic features of the bearing bed, and the taphonomic signature point to a rapid burial. Considering the presence of well-developed fascioles, it is likely that the specimen was already half buried at the beginning of its taphonomic pathway. This record represents the oldest finding of Astropectinidae in the Southern Hemisphere and the first record of the genus Tethyaster for the Lower Cretaceous of South America.Fil: Fernández, Diana Elizabeth. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Estudios Andinos "Don Pablo Groeber". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Estudios Andinos "Don Pablo Groeber"; ArgentinaFil: Perez, Damián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; ArgentinaFil: Luci, Leticia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Estudios Andinos "Don Pablo Groeber". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Estudios Andinos "Don Pablo Groeber"; ArgentinaFil: Carrizo, Martin Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentin

STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS ECHINODERMATA DI PANTAI SINDANGKERTA KECAMATAN CIPATUJAH KABUPATEN TASIKMALAYA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur struktur komunitas Echinodermata Di Pantai Sindangkerta Kecamatan Cipatujah Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Struktur komunitas mencakup keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan Echinodermata. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada tanggal 23 sampai 24 April 2016. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode deskriptif. Desain penelitian menggunakan belt transect kuadrat yang dibentangkan sejauh 50 meter. Lokasi Penelitian terbagi menjadi enam stasiun penelitian. Setiap stasiun terbagi menjadi lima kuadrat dengan ukuran 1x1 m2 setiap kuadratnya. Penelitian dilakukan pada zona litoral. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode handsorting. Identifikasi sampel dilakukan di Laboratorium Biologi FKIP Unpas Bandung. Parameter yang diukur yaitu Keanekaragaman Echinodermata dan Kelimpahan Echinodermata. Adapun parameter penunjang berupa faktor lingkungan yang meliputi suhu, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), pH, dan salinitas perairan laut. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, spesies Echinodermata yang ditemukan berjumlah tiga spesies di antaranya yaitu Diadema setosum dari kelas Echinoidea, Holothuria leucospilota dari kelas Holothuroidea, dan Ophiocoma sp. dari kelas Ophiuroidea. Keanekaragaman spesies Echinodermata di Pantai Sindangkerta berkisar antara 0-0, 174 yang berarti keanekaragaman rendah. Rata-rata indeks keanekaragaman Echinodermata di Pantai Sindangkerta sebesar 0,042 termasuk ke dalam kategori keanekaragaman rendah. Kelimpahan Spesies Echinodermata di Pantai Sindangkerta yang memiliki rata-rata tertinggi yaitu Ophiocoma sp. sebesar 7 Ind/m2 ditemukan paling melimpah, dan terendah dimiliki oleh spesies Holothuria leucospilota dan Diadema setosum dengan rata-rata kelimpahan 1 Ind/m2. Kata Kunci: Struktur komunitas, keanekaragaman, kelimpahan, Echinodermat

Marine Flora and Fauna of the Northeastern United States Echinodermata: Crinoidea

The crinoid fauna of the continental margin (0-1500 m) of northeastern North America (Georgia to Canada) includes 14 species in 13 genera and 5 families. We introduce the external morphology and natural history of crinoids and include a glossary of terms, an illustrated key to local taxa, annotated systematic list, and an index. The fauna includes 2 species found no further south than New England and 8 that occur no further north than the Carolinas and Blake Plateau. Comactinia meridionalis (Agassiz) is the only species commonly found in shallow water «50 m). No taxa are endemic to the area. (PDF file contains 34 pages.

Ofiuroideos del Cretácico Inferior de Patagonia: primer registro fósil articulado para el Mesozoico de América del Sur

The first articulated remains of ophiuroids for the Mesozoic of South America are described from the Lower Cretaceous of Neuquén Basin, Argentina. The taxonomic analysis allows the assignment of the material described herein to the extinct genus Ophiopetra. The specimens belong to a new species, but considering the poor preservation, a new name is not introduced, as it would be based on an incomplete diagnosis. Certain characteristics (e.g., the diameter of the disc, the width/height ratio of the vertebrae) suggest that these ophiuroids are paedomorphic specimens. In light of the latest classification of the Ophiuroidea, and new insights on the spine articulation microstructure of Ophiopetra lithographica presented herein, a transfer of Ophiopetra to the family Ophionereididae within the order Amphilepidida is proposed. This material expands the palaeogeographic record of this genus, since it represents the first remains of Ophiopetra described in the Southern Hemisphere. It is also the first Cretaceous record of the genus worldwide.Fil: Fernández, Diana Elizabeth. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Estudios Andinos "Don Pablo Groeber". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Estudios Andinos "Don Pablo Groeber"; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas; ArgentinaFil: Giachetti, Luciana María. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas; ArgentinaFil: Stöhr, Sabine. Swedish Museum of Natural History; SueciaFil: Thuy, Ben. Natural History Museum Luxembourg; LuxemburgoFil: Perez, Damián. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”; ArgentinaFil: Comerio, Marcos. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Centro de Tecnología de Recursos Minerales y Cerámica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Centro de Tecnología de Recursos Minerales y Cerámica; ArgentinaFil: Pazos, Pablo Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Estudios Andinos "Don Pablo Groeber". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Estudios Andinos "Don Pablo Groeber"; Argentin