Formação profissional e mercado de trabalho

Sem resumo

Education in high school: in search of an agreed organization with the new determinations of the work market

Com o objetivo de compreender o papel e a função fundamental da educação em nível de 2º grau, este artigo tem o intuito de proporcionar ao leitor uma visão dos avanços e possíveis retrocessos acerca do assunto, na discussão que se trava nos meios acadêmicos, buscando fazer uma síntese das idéias correntes sobre o ensino de 2º grau.In order to understand the fundamental role and function of education in the last years of night-school, this paper intends to gine the reader a panoramic view if the progress and possible drawbooks this subyect has undergone in the academic discussions. In other words, it tries to present a synthessis of the current ideas about education in high school in the state of São Paulo, Brazil

A escolha profissional

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Estratégias de Inclusão Escolar: A Educação Física e as Práticas Esportivas do Projeto Semear no Caic do Vale do Sol de Araraquara-SP

This paper examines the potential of Physical Education discipline in the process of school inclusion of students from the lower working classes in a peripherical elementary school EMEF Ricardo C. C. Monteiro, popularly known as CAIC Vale do Sol, because of its location in the section of the city of Araraquara, SP, named as Vale do Sol ( Sun Valley). The data, obtained from interviews with people of the institution, confirmed the importance of the discipline Physical Education and of the Project SEMEAR as strategies for maintaining the continuity of the students' presence at school and the positive consequences of this inclusion. Considering the sociological character of this research, the studies of Pierre Bourdieu and followers offered the categories of sociological analysis which ensured the necessary support to verify the restructuring of the primary habitus of the students acquired in their families in a habitus cultivated in school, to assure the acceptance of symbolic codes imposed by the educational institution and legitimized by society. We can conclude that Physical Education as a compulsory subject in school curriculum plays a key role in this educational institution and especially to those families belonging to this class fraction that consciously or unconsciously ascribe to it (Physical Education) the continuity of the school trajectory of their children, making possible a better quality of life.Este artigo examina o potencial da disciplina Educação Física no processo de inclusão escolar de alunos provindos das camadas populares na escola periférica Emef Ricardo C.C. Monteiro, popularmente apelidada de Caic do Vale do Sol, por estar localizada no bairro Vale do Sol, em Araraquara-SP. A partir de entrevistas com agentes envolvidos na instituição, levantaram-se os dados que comprovam a importância da disciplina Educação Física e do projeto SEMEAR como estratégias de manutenção da permanência do discente no espaço escolar e as consequências positivas dessa inclusão. Por tratar-se de uma pesquisa de caráter sociológico, foram utilizados estudos de Pierre Bourdieu e colaboradores, em que suas categorias de análise sociológica garantem o suporte necessário para verificar a reestruturação do habitus primário dos alunos, adquirido no seio familiar, em habitus cultivado pela escola, para que haja a aceitação dos códigos simbólicos impostos pela instituição escolar e legitimados pela sociedade. Conclui-se que a Educação Física, disciplina obrigatória do currículo escolar, desempenha um papel fundamental nessa instituição escolar e, principalmente, para as famílias pertencentes a essa fração de classe que, consciente ou inconscientemente, atribuem a ela (Educação Física) a longevidade do percurso escolar de sua prole, possibilitando assim uma melhor qualidade de vida

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The complete genome sequence of Chromobacterium violaceum reveals remarkable and exploitable bacterial adaptability

Chromobacterium violaceum is one of millions of species of free-living microorganisms that populate the soil and water in the extant areas of tropical biodiversity around the world. Its complete genome sequence reveals (i) extensive alternative pathways for energy generation, (ii) ≈500 ORFs for transport-related proteins, (iii) complex and extensive systems for stress adaptation and motility, and (iv) wide-spread utilization of quorum sensing for control of inducible systems, all of which underpin the versatility and adaptability of the organism. The genome also contains extensive but incomplete arrays of ORFs coding for proteins associated with mammalian pathogenicity, possibly involved in the occasional but often fatal cases of human C. violaceum infection. There is, in addition, a series of previously unknown but important enzymes and secondary metabolites including paraquat-inducible proteins, drug and heavy-metal-resistance proteins, multiple chitinases, and proteins for the detoxification of xenobiotics that may have biotechnological applications

The Genome of Anopheles darlingi, the main neotropical malaria vector

Anopheles darlingi is the principal neotropical malaria vector, responsible for more than a million cases of malaria per year on the American continent. Anopheles darlingi diverged from the African and Asian malaria vectors ∼100 million years ago (mya) and successfully adapted to the New World environment. Here we present an annotated reference A. darlingi genome, sequenced from a wild population of males and females collected in the Brazilian Amazon. A total of 10 481 predicted protein-coding genes were annotated, 72% of which have their closest counterpart in Anopheles gambiae and 21% have highest similarity with other mosquito species. In spite of a long period of divergent evolution, conserved gene synteny was observed between A. darlingi and A. gambiae. More than 10 million single nucleotide polymorphisms and short indels with potential use as genetic markers were identified. Transposable elements correspond to 2.3% of the A. darlingi genome. Genes associated with hematophagy, immunity and insecticide resistance, directly involved in vectorhuman and vectorparasite interactions, were identified and discussed. This study represents the first effort to sequence the genome of a neotropical malaria vector, and opens a new window through which we can contemplate the evolutionary history of anopheline mosquitoes. It also provides valuable information that may lead to novel strategies to reduce malaria transmission on the South American continent. The A. darlingi genome is accessible at www.labinfo.lncc.br/index.php/anopheles- darlingi. © 2013 The Author(s)

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost