"Politický obrat 1989" jako historický milník v německé literatuře. Komparativní analýza vybraných děl

Tato diplomová práce představuje vybraná díla současné německé literatury, která spojuje historický milník "politický obrat 1989" ("Die Wende"). Analyzovanými autory a díly jsou Claudia Rusch - Aufbau Ost, Ingo Schulze - Simple Storys, Yadé Kara - Selam Berlin a Wladimir Kaminer - Russendisko. Jedná se o interdisciplinární literárněhistorickou práci, která porovnává literární fikci (využití jednotlivých literárních prostředků) s historickou realitou a jejím zpracováním v odborných publikacích. Historický vhled do tématu a zařazení vybraných děl do současných vývojových tendencí literatury tvoří teoretický úvod práce. Vlastní analýza dvou dvojic spisovatelů a jejich děl (Rusch - Schulze a Kara - Kaminer) bere v potaz původ autorů, zmiňuje krátce jejich životopis a vztah k dílu. Následuje strukturální analýza děl, jejímž těžištěm je literární ztvárnění společenského a politického dění spjatého s událostmi roku 1989. Cílem práce bylo upozornit na historické souvislosti, jejichž pochopení podmiňuje porozumění analyzovaným literárním dílům. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)This thesis introduces chosen works of contemporary German literature, which connects the historical milestone "Wende". The analysed authors and works are Claudia Rusch - Aufbau Ost, Ingo Schulze - Simple Storys, Yadé Kara - Selam Berlin and Wladimir Kaminer - Russendisko. It is an interdisciplinary literary-historical thesis, which compares the literary fiction (use of single literary tools) with the historical reality and its adaptation in technical publications. The historical insight and the inclusion of chosen works to the contemporary developmental trends of literature represent the theoretical introduction of thesis. The actual analysis of two pairs of writers and their works (Rusch - Schulze and Kara - Kaminer) takes the authors origin into consideration, mentions shortly their biography and relation to the work. The structural analysis of works follows, with the focus on literary interpretation of social and political events of the year 1989. The goal of the thesis was to point out the historical context, which determines understanding of analysed literary works. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)Katedra germanistikyPedagogická fakultaFaculty of Educatio

Betriebsführung und humane Betriebsgestaltung

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Tuneable drug-loading capability of chitosan hydrogels with varied network architectures

Advanced bioactive systems with defined macroscopic properties and spatio-temporal sequestration of extracellular biomacromolecules are highly desirable for next generation therapeutics. Here, chitosan (CT) hydrogels were prepared with neutral or negatively charged cross-linkers in order to promote selective electrostatic complexation with charged drugs. CT was functionalized with varied dicarboxylic acids, such as tartaric acid, poly(ethylene glycol) bis(carboxymethyl) ether, 1,4-phenylenediacetic acid and 5-sulfoisophthalic acid monosodium salt (PhS), whereby PhS was hypothesized to act as a simple mimetic of heparin. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed the presence of Cdouble bond; length as m-dashO amide I, N–H amide II and Cdouble bond; length as m-dashO ester bands, providing evidence of covalent network formation. The cross-linker content was reversely quantified by proton nuclear magnetic resonance on partially degraded network oligomers, so that 18 mol.% PhS was exemplarily determined. Swellability (SR: 299 ± 65–1054 ± 121 wt.%), compressibility (E: 2.1 ± 0.9–9.2 ± 2.3 kPa), material morphology and drug-loading capability were successfully adjusted based on the selected network architecture. Here, hydrogel incubation with model drugs of varied electrostatic charge, i.e. allura red (AR, doubly negatively charged), methyl orange (MO, negatively charged) or methylene blue (MB, positively charged), resulted in direct hydrogel–dye electrostatic complexation. Importantly, the cationic compound, MB, showed different incorporation behaviours, depending on the electrostatic character of the selected cross-linker. In light of this tunable drug-loading capability, these CT hydrogels would be highly attractive as drug reservoirs towards e.g. the fabrication of tissue models in vitro

Engineering biomolecular microenvironments for cell instructive biomaterials

Engineered cell instructive microenvironments with the ability to stimulate specific cellular responses is a topic of high interest in the fabrication and development of biomaterials for application in tissue engineering. Cells are inherently sensitive to the in vivo microenvironment that is often designed as the cell “niche”. The cell “niche” comprising the extracellular matrix and adjacent cells, influences not only cell architecture and mechanics, but also cell polarity and function. Extensive research has been performed to establish new tools to fabricate biomimetic advanced materials for tissue engineering that incorporate structural, mechanical and biochemical signals that interact with cells in a controlled manner and to recapitulate the in vivo dynamic microenvironment. Bioactive tunable microenvironments using micro and nanofabrication have been successfully developed and proven to be extremely powerful to control intracellular signaling and cell function. This review is focused in the assortment of biochemical signals that have been explored to fabricate bioactive cell microenvironments and the main technologies and chemical strategies to encode them in engineered biomaterials with biological information.The authors thank Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia for C.A.C.'s PhD grant (SFRH/BD/61390/2009). This work was carried out under the scope of the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no REGPOT-CT2012-316331-POLARIS

Freiwilliges Engagement im Kinder- und Jugendmentoring : eine sozial- und organisationspsychologische Studienreihe

Mentoring im Kinder- und Jugendbereich ist ein wichtiges Instrument zum Abbau sozialer Benachteiligung und Bildungsungerechtigkeit. Die für die Umsetzung notwendige Bereitschaft, sich als Mentor:in zu engagieren, ist bislang jedoch weitgehend unerforscht. In vorliegender Studie wird das Engagement im Kinder- und Jugendmentoring multiperspektivisch und multimethodal sozial- und organisationspsychologisch untersucht. Es zeigt sich, dass die Mentoringbeziehung, die wahrgenommene Selbstwirksamkeit und die organisationale Wertschätzung von zentraler Bedeutung für die Förderung eines langfristigen Engagements sind, während die grundsätzliche Engagementbereitschaft insbesondere durch individuelle Gerechtigkeits- und Verantwortungswahrnehmungen beeinflusst wird