Ethnic Identity, Self-Esteem & Intra Group Conflicts Amongst Latinos

Unlike Salvadorans, Mexican/Mexican Americans have long established communities revolved around their culture. They have advanced in social class, education and political representation. On the other hand, Salvadorans have only just recently begun migrating and settling in predominantly Mexican/Mexican American communities. Competition over resources and the preservation of Mexican/Mexican American culture has caused continuing conflicts among Salvadorans and Mexicans/Mexican Americans. Additionally, inter-ethnic and in-group conflicts are also affected by generational differences (1st, 2nd, 3rd generation, etc.). Due to acculturation, Latinos/as struggle to retain their cultural heritage and parents often lose the ability to influence their children’s ethnic identity (customs, language, social norms). My research aims to contribute to the development and maintenance of ethnic identity and understanding of interethnic conflicts they face amongst Mexicans in California. I will briefly explore the migration patterns of Salvadorans and Mexican/Mexican Americans from past research focusing on ethnic identity development and how it may be connected to generational differences, experiences based on acculturation and discrimination, and family ethnic socialization, how ethnic identity is associated with positive self-esteem, and how marginalization can create group conflict among Latinos/as; specifically with Salvadorans and Mexican/Mexican Americans. The purpose of this research is to educate and bring to light the different experiences of Latinos/as and the struggles to retain ethnic identity and positive self-esteem. Although most research focuses on the Mexican experience, my research will attempt to incorporate the Salvadoran experience— one that reflects Salvadorans’ being a double minority: within wider American society and within their Latino/a ethnic group. In doing so, I wish to bring attention to this inter-ethnic conflict that has not been explored enough

Investigating a Fluctuating-accretion Model for the Spectral-timing Properties of Accreting Black Hole Systems

The fluctuating accretion model of Lyubarskii (1997) and its extension by Kotov et al. (2001), seeks to explain the spectral-timing properties of the X-ray variability of accreting black holes in terms of inward-propagating mass accretion fluctuations produced at a broad range of radii. The fluctuations modulate the X-ray emitting region as they move inwards and can produce temporal-frequency-dependent lags between energy bands, and energy-dependent power spectral densities (PSDs) as a result of the different emissivity profiles, which may be expected at different X-ray energies. Here we use a simple numerical implementation to investigate in detail the X-ray spectral-timing properties of the model and their relation to several physically interesting parameters, namely the emissivity profile in different energy bands, the geometrical thickness and viscosity parameter of the accretion flow, the strength of damping on the fluctuations and the temporal coherence (measured by the `quality-factor', Q) of the fluctuations introduced at each radius. We find that a geometrically thick flow with large viscosity parameter is favoured, and confirm that the predicted lags are quite robust to changes in the emissivity profile, and physical parameters of the accretion flow, which may help to explain the similarity of the lag spectra in the low/hard and high/soft states of Cyg X-1. We also demonstrate the model regime where the light curves in different energy bands are highly spectrally coherent. We compare model predictions directly to X-ray data from the Narrow Line Seyfert~1 galaxy NGC 4051 and the BHXRB Cyg X-1 in its high/soft state and show that this general scheme can reproduce simultaneously the time lags and energy-dependence of the PSD.Comment: 15 pages, accepted for publication in MNRA

Gradual Nash Bargaining with Endogenous Agenda: A Path-Dependent Model

This article proposes a method for considering the bargaining agenda as an endogenous phenomenon in gradual bargaining games, understood as being path-dependent processes. Some short, medium and long-term results for bargaining are presented, as well as a possible application for the model.Game theory, Bargaining, Path-Dependent Processes

Accurate control of a Bose-Einstein condensate by managing the atomic interaction

We exploit the variation of the atomic interaction in order to move ultra-cold atoms across an AC-driven periodic lattice. By breaking relevant symmetries, a gathering of atoms is achieved. Accurate control of the gathered atoms positions can be demonstrated via the control of the atomic localization process. The localization process is analyzed with the help of the nonlinear Floquet states where the Landau-Zener tunneling between states is observed and controlled. Transport effects in the presence of disorder are discussed.Comment: 14 pages, 5 Figures, PACS numbers: 03.75.Lm, 05.60.-k, 63.20.P

Obstruction of Water Uptake in cut Chrysanthemum Stems after Dry Storage: Role of Wound-induced Increase in Enzyme Activities and Air Emboli

Hydraulic conductance of cut chrysanthemum stems was lowered by the aspiration of air as well as by a wound-induced plant response. By measuring the hydraulic conductance of stem segments in which air could be introduced into and/or removed from the xylem vessels at various times after harvest, we showed that the two processes, air aspiration and wound-induced reactions, occur independently. The pronounced xylem occlusion after a longer period of dry storage is due to the progress of the enzymatic wound-induced reaction in time superimposed on emboli due to aspired air. The wound-induced blockage was also present when air entrance was precluded from harvest. Measurements of enzyme activities in stems at time intervals from harvest showed that the activity of L- phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) increased after wounding in contrast to the activities of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase. This suggests a major role of PAL in the xylem occlusion caused by wounding of the flower ste

AIC and BIC for cosmological interacting scenarios

In this work we study linear and non-linear cosmological interactions, which depend on dark matter and dark energy densities in the framework of General Relativity. By using the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and the Bayesian information criterion (BIC) with data from SnIa (Union 2.1 and binned JLA), H(z), BAO and CMB we compare the interacting models among themselves and analyze whether more complex interacting models are favored by these criteria. In this context, we find some suitable interactions that alleviate the coincidence problem.Comment: 24 pages, 4 figures, minor changes, file replaced to match published version to appear in EPJ