Evaluating Research Support Facilities to University Students during COVID-19

This study aimed to examine the research support and availability of print resources to university students during COVID-19 in Pakistan. Along with other pandemic related issues during the lockdown, university students faced study issues as all the teaching activities were shifted to online, and they faced unavailability of print resources. A quantitative study design was opted to conduct the study. A total of 2745 university students participated in the survey. This form was sent to 5950 students through their emails and WhatsApp groups. A well-structured questionnaire was constructed and pre-tested from 30 randomly selected students. The study findings showed that COVID-19 affected the educational institutions of several countries generally and Pakistan particularly. The university libraries were closed as lockdown and social distancing was implemented as per the guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO). University students were restricted to their homes and were not allowed to visit the library. Therefore, they faced the non-accessibility of books, periodicals, manuscripts, and lack of research support facilities. This study concluded that university libraries were closed during the COVID-19 outbreak and the students faced a deficit of research support and non-availability of print resources in Pakistan. It is recommended that the university libraries should strengthen their digital resources to facilitate students in terms of research support facilities and availability of online books, manuscripts, and periodicals to tackle the issues of university students

INJURIES OF SUBCLAVIAN & AXILLARY VESSELS AND THEIR SURGICAL MANAGEMENT

Objective: The complicated operational coverage to severe injuries needed for the conventional method of surgeries associate with the high rate of mortality & morbidity. We demonstrated our outcomes with respect to the conventional way of surgeries following the axillosubclavian injuries. Methodology: The surgery of twenty-nine patients suffering from axillosubclavian injuries carried out at the emergency department of Lahore General Hospital from December 2014 to April 2019. The methods of treatment and detection of disease, related injury of organ, rates of morbidity and mortality in the patients were under evaluation. Results: The reason of the injuries were wounds because of stab in 37.90% (n: 11) patients, wounds of gun firing in 31.0% (n: 9) patients, iatrogenic injuries were available in 17.20% (n: 5) patients & blunt trauma was present in 13.70% (n: 4) patients. Total 8 (27.50%) patients found with separated injuries of arteries while 72.40% (n: 21) found with injuries of coexisting organs as veins, bones, nerves and soft tissues. The main important surgical procedures were primary repair & utilization of the saphenous vein. Myocardial infarction causes the death of 1 patient. Rate of mortality was 3.40%. Conclusions: Injuries of subclavian and auxiliary vascular have a close association with the neurogenic, injuries of the soft tissues & osseous and early intervention are very necessary to recover these injuries. The better choice of the surgery is conventional method which has a poor status and fulfills the condition of emergency. Keywords: Axillosubclavian, Injury, Intervention, Methodology, Mortality, Stab, Gunfire, Detection, Soft Tissues, Bones, Iatrogenic, Complicated

Digitalization of Academic Libraries in Higher Education Institutions during COVID-19 Pandemic

This paper aimed to examine the digitalization of academic libraries in higher education institutions during the COVID-19 pandemic. As the current pandemic named the COVID-19 outbreak affected all the educational institutions in the global south and global north and Pakistan has no exemption. For this study, a quantitative stud design was opted to conduct an online survey from the library patrons. A sample of 1052 library users had been selected from public sector universities from Pakistan. It is pertinent to mention here that the google form was shared with 6852 library users through an email and WhatsApp numbers taken from universities concerned administration offices. Similarly, descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression analysis had been employed to draw results and conclusions. The study findings revealed that there was a significant positive correlation between independent and dependent variables. Similarly, the COVID-19 infection, physical distancing, online periodical, online services, and online audio/video material had favorable effects on the digitalization of library material

Research is a Scientific Capital: The Role of University Libraries in Higher Education Institutions

This paper attempts to examine the research support services in university libraries of higher education institutions in the Punjab, Pakistan. University libraries are providing traditional and as well as modern facilitation to scholars, students, and teachers for face to face and online learning in the globe generally and in Pakistan specifically. A quantitative study design opted and a sample of 90 university libraries was taken out of 116 libraries including sub-campuses libraries from the Punjab Province. A well-structured questionnaire was administered and pretested to conduct a representative survey. The study findings indicated that there was a significant difference in research support facilities between government and private sector university libraries in the Punjab Province. There was also a significant difference in the training of library staff regarding research support activities among university types. The study recommended that training on research support services in the library should be provided to library professional staff, researchers, and students for the best utilization of library services

A Strategy for the Promotion of Computer Programming Using Urdu Language in Pakistan

Software industry has proven to be a stepping stone towards changing the rank of a country in the comity of nations. In South Asian region, India has immensely excelled her economic growth by increasing its revenues with the help of software export. The development of software involves man power with technical support, where the premier focus in on computer programming. Therefore, producing a large number of skillful computer programmers in Pakistan would certainly help the cause of establishing software houses, which in turn, will attract the western world to outsource their software projects to Pakistan. Like India, this can certainly act like a game changer for Pakistan’s economy by earning a huge revenue. In this research we have presented a methodology to increase the interest of Pakistani people in computer programming by providing a bilingual computer program development environment in Urdu and English languages. This act may certainly open new dimensions of teaching computer programming, for instance, by introducing computer programming at school level. Furthermore, it may increase the interest of students and teachers to learn and teach computer programming while experiencing to program in their national language. Lastly, in technical terms, we have presented the visual design of such bilingual environment along with architectural modification in the preprocessor for C++ language to support both Urdu and English languages for writing computer program

Measurement of the tt¯ production cross section, the top quark mass, and the strong coupling constant using dilepton events in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV

A measurement of the top quark–antiquark pair production cross section σtt¯ in proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13TeV is presented. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35.9fb−1, recorded by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC in 2016. Dilepton events (e ± μ ∓, μ+μ−, e+e−) are selected and the cross section is measured from a likelihood fit. For a top quark mass parameter in the simulation of mMCt=172.5GeV the fit yields a measured cross section σtt¯=803±2(stat)±25(syst)±20(lumi)pb, in agreement with the expectation from the standard model calculation at next-to-next-to-leading order. A simultaneous fit of the cross section and the top quark mass parameter in the POWHEG simulation is performed. The measured value of mMCt=172.33±0.14(stat)+0.66−0.72(syst)GeV is in good agreement with previous measurements. The resulting cross section is used, together with the theoretical prediction, to determine the top quark mass and to extract a value of the strong coupling constant with different sets of parton distribution functions

Evidence for Top Quark Production in Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions

Peer reviewe

Observation of the B-s(0) -> X(3872)phi Decay

Using a data sample of proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 140 fb(-1) collected by the CMS experiment in 2016-2018, the B-s(0) -> X(3872)phi decay is observed. Decays into J/psi pi(+)pi(-) and K+K- are used to reconstruct, respectively, the X(3872) and phi. The ratio of the product of branching fractions B[B-s(0) -> X(3872)phi]B[X(3872) -> J/psi pi(+)pi(-)] to the product B[B-s(0) ->psi(2S)phi]B[psi(2S) -> J/psi pi(+)pi(-)] is measured to be [2.21 +/- 0.29(stat) +/- 0.17(syst)]%. The ratio B[B-s(0) -> X(3872)phi]/B[B-0 -> X(3872)K-0] is found to be consistent with one, while the ratio B[B-s(0) -> X(3872)phi]/B[B+-> X(3872)K+] is two times smaller. This suggests a difference in the production dynamics of the X(3872) in B-0 and B(0)s meson decays compared to B+. The reported observation may shed new light on the nature of the X(3872) particle.Peer reviewe

Search for strongly interacting massive particles generating trackless jets in proton-proton collisions at s = 13 TeV

A search for dark matter in the form of strongly interacting massive particles (SIMPs) using the CMS detector at the LHC is presented. The SIMPs would be produced in pairs that manifest themselves as pairs of jets without tracks. The energy fraction of jets carried by charged particles is used as a key discriminator to suppress efficiently the large multijet background, and the remaining background is estimated directly from data. The search is performed using proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 16.1 fb - 1 , collected with the CMS detector in 2016. No significant excess of events is observed above the expected background. For the simplified dark matter model under consideration, SIMPs with masses up to 100 GeV are excluded and further sensitivity is explored towards higher masses