60 research outputs found
Pigs’ husbandry as case study to test effects of vegetable residues’ hydrolysates on animals
Soluble biopolymers (SBO) are research products obtained from alkaline hydrolysis of municipal and agriculture bio-residues. They contain a mix of soluble macromolecules with different C types and functional groups. These features make SBO multipurpose products for the chemical industry, agriculture and animal husbandry. As such, they may contribute to the development of bio-based circular economy by recycling renewable carbon over urban and agriculture environments. To foster production and commercialization, assessment of SBO’s compliance with countries’ regulations is mandatory. The authors performed the present in vivo pigs study to investigate quality, safety, and efficacy of SBO’s as animal feed supplement. Total 106 male and female piglets were fed 42 days with protein-based diets containing 0.1 and 0.2 % SBO. Pigs grew from average 7.7 to 26 kg. Average mortality rate was 3.9 %. Relatively to control diets with no added SBO, the diets containing 0.1 and 0.2 % SBO evidenced no significant effects on pigs’ growth, mortality, and anatomy and pathology of dead animals. A previous rabbit study reported similar results for SBO supplemented diets. The authors discuss the economic and environmental implications of the results in relation to SBO potential marketability
Novel magnetite nanoparticles coated with waste sourced bio- based substances as sustainable and renewable adsorbing materials
This study examines the possibility of using bio-based product isolated from urban solid wastes as a material for environmental technological applications. To this end, Fe3O4 nanoparticles coated with different amounts of soluble bio-based products (SBO) were synthesized as low-cost nanoadsorbent for the removal of pollutants in wastewater. Particles of 10 nm diameter with Fe3O4 core and SBO shell were obtained. The concentration of SBO employed in the synthesis had no effect on the size and structure of the NPs, but ruled the pHPZC and aggregation of the nanoparticles in water. The cationic dye crystal violet (CV) was used as a model pollutant to test the adsorption capacity of the nanoparticles. The results indicated that both the medium pH and NP dosage were significant parameters to enhance the removal of CV. The results contribute to the studies which show how wastes can become a source of revenue through the industrial exploitation of their chemical value.Fil: Magnacca, Giuliana. Università di Torino; ItaliaFil: Allera, Alex. Università di Torino; ItaliaFil: Montoneri, Enzo. Università di Torino; ItaliaFil: Celi, Luisella. Università di Torino; ItaliaFil: Benito, Damián Ezequiel. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Métodos Analíticos; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Gagliardi, Leonardo Gabriel. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Métodos Analíticos; ArgentinaFil: Martire, Daniel Osvaldo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico la Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Gonzalez, Monica Cristina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico la Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Carlos, Luciano. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico la Plata. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas; Argentin
Pre-treatment and extraction techniques for recovery of added value compounds from wastes throughout the agri-food chain
Pre-treatment and extraction techniques for recovery of added value compounds from wastes throughout the agri-food chain
The enormous quantity of food wastes discarded annually force to look for alternatives for this interesting feedstock. Thus, food bio-waste valorisation is one of the imperatives of the nowadays society. This review is the most comprehensive overview of currently existing technologies and processes in this field. It tackles classical and innovative physical, physico-chemical and chemical methods of food waste pre-treatment and extraction for recovery of added value compounds and detection by modern technologies and are an outcome of the COST Action EUBIS, TD1203 Food Waste Valorisation for Sustainable Chemicals, Materials and Fuels
Compost derived substances decrease feed protein N mineralization in swine cecal digestion
Objectives of this study were to investigate urban biowastes as sustainable source of soluble biobased products (SBO) for use in animal diet and, possibly, to assess product chemical nature-performance relationships. Thus, five different materials sourced from biowastes processed by anaerobic and/or aerobic fermentation were treated to yield five different SBO. The products were first characterized for their chemical nature. Afterwards, they were
tested as diet supplements to modulate pig\u2019s cecal fermentation of a protein feed. In vitro fermentation of the protein feed was performed using the cecal content collected from slaughtered pigs as incubation liquor. The experimental plan comprised 29 treatments distributed over the 5 SBO used at 5-6 doses each in the 0.1-1.4% concentration range, compared to a SBO free control. During the 24 h in vitro fermentation, gas and liquor samples were analyzed for total gas volume vs. time production, and for ammonia and volatile fatty acids concentration.
The results showed the investigated SBO to be significantly different for both their chemical composition and in their effects on the measured fermentation indicators. All materials showed significant effects already at the lowest 0.1% concentration. However the SBO isolated from composted residues decreased ammonia production, whereas the SBO isolated from the digestate of the food residues\u2019 anaerobic treatment had the opposite effect. Ammonia production was found to be directly correlated with isobutyric and isovaleric production. The results clearly pointed out reduced proteolysis and N mineralization by 7-17% caused by compost sourced SBO. These findings have relevant implications for the economics and environmental impact of the animal production industr
Consenso informato: età ed istruzione possono influire?
Riassunto: influenza di fattori quali l’età e l’istruzione delle pazienti sulla comunicazione medico-paziente e sulla compliance nei confronti del consenso informato.
Obiettivi: evidenziare la presenza di una relazione tra età, istruzione e stato emotivo delle pazienti con il grado di comunicazione medico-paziente e la compliance verso il consenso informato; rilevare una relazione tra il grado di comunicazione medico-paziente e la compliance nei confronti del consenso informato. Pazienti e metodi: il nostro studio è stato condotto nel reparto di Ginecologia ed Ostetricia del Plesso Ospedaliero “Ascoli-Tomaselli” di Catania, dal dicembre 2005 all’aprile 2006, su 100 pazienti che dovevano sottoporsi ad una procedura chirurgica, alle quali è stato somministrato un questionario, subito dopo la firma del relativo consenso informato, con la richiesta di rispondere alle domande, liberamente, in forma anonima, in assenza del medico e senza alcun limite di tempo. Le pazienti sono state suddivise, ai fini dell’analisi statistica, in 2 fasce d’età (pazienti dai 20 ai 40 anni e pazienti dai 40 anni in su) ed
in 2 fasce in base al titolo di studio (medio-basso e superiore). Per testare la significatività dei risultati è stato utilizzato il test del chi quadrato con la correzione di Yates o, quando necessario, il test di Fisher,
considerando il test da non significativo con valori di p>0,05 ad altamente significativo con valori di p<0,0001.
Risultati: i risultati sono stati diversi. Tra questi si è visto che la compliance nei confronti del consenso informato presenta una relazione significativa sia con l’età delle pazienti considerate (p=0,01), sia con la loro istruzione (p<0,01). L’81% delle pazienti non rinuncerebbe al consenso informato, il 9% preferisce non essere informata ed il 10% non saprebbe cosa scegliere. Infine, altamente significativa, è risultata la relazione tra il grado di comunicazione medico-paziente e la compliance delle pazienti nei confronti della procedura del consenso informato (p<0,0001). Conclusioni: due fattori quali l’età e il grado d’istruzione della paziente possono influenzare la compliance nei confronti della procedura del consenso informato, poiché sono le pazienti di età superiore e con un
titolo di studio medio-basso a porsi con atteggiamento più riluttante nei confronti di questa procedura. Abbiamo, infine rilevato quanto la qualità della comunicazione tra medico e paziente possa pesantemente influenzare la preferenza del paziente a sottoporsi al consenso informato
Paralisi cerebrale infantile: è realmente colpa del ginecologo-ostetrico?
Scopo del nostro studio è quello di saggiare le informazioni che hanno i medici specialisti sulle diverse cause di PCI e sui fattori ad essa correlati. Ciò alla luce dei più recenti dati della letteratura scientifica, che smentiscono la responsabilità dell’ostetrico-ginecologo, attribuendo alle cause antepartum il ruolo più importante
- …