Peters anomaly in PHACE syndrome

PHACE syndrome is a rare neurocutaneous disorder, with a complex pathogenesis. It presents with a large facial hemangioma associated with anomalies of the posterior fossa of the brain, arterial anomalies, cardiac anomalies, coarctation of the aorta, and eye anomalies. Ocular abnormalities are rare. We report the first published case of an infant with PHACE syndrome and Peters anomaly

Long-term efficacy of endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation in the management of glaucoma following cataract surgery in children

Purpose To report the long-term efficacy of endoscopic cyclophotocoagulation (ECP) in pediatric glaucoma following cataract surgery (GFCS). Methods ECP was performed on 35 eyes of 25 patients 24 mm Hg, alternative glaucoma procedure following ECP, or occurrence of visually significant complications. Analysis was performed to estimate risk factors for failure. Results A total of 27 aphakic and 8 pseudophakic eyes were included. Pretreatment IOP averaged 33.9 ± 7.9 mm Hg. Final IOP after a mean follow-up period of 7.2 years was 18.9 ± 8.8 mm Hg (P < 0.001). The success rate was 54% (19/35 eyes). The failure rate was not increased in pseudophakic patients relative to aphakic patients. Patients with single ECP demonstrated preserved visual acuity from baseline to final follow-up. Conclusions In this patient cohort, with average follow-up period of 7.2 years, ECP was useful in the treatment of pediatric GFCS

Comparison of Circumferential and Traditional Trabeculotomy in Pediatric Glaucoma

Purpose To compare intraocular pressure (IOP) control of pediatric glaucoma patients undergoing traditional trabeculotomy (<360 degrees or partial) with those receiving 360-degree circumferential trabeculotomy. Methods The medical records of pediatric glaucoma patients receiving trabeculotomy at a single institution from 2000 to 2012were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into two groups: a traditional trabeculotomy group and 360-degree trabeculotomy group. IOP at baseline and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months’ follow-up were compared within and each groups. Results A total of 77 eyes of 56 patients (age at surgery, 1.52 ± 2.68 years) in the traditional group and 14 eyes of 10 patients in the 360-degree group (age at surgery, 0.61 ± 0.42 years) were included. Mean baseline IOP was similar in both groups (traditional, 28.75 ± 8.80 mm Hg; 360-degree, 30.35 ± 6.04 mm Hg; t test; P = 0.43). Mean 1-year IOP was 17.05 ± 5.92 mm Hg in the traditional group and 11.0 ± 2.31 mm Hg in the 360-degree group. At 1-year, the surgical success rate was 58.44% in the traditional group and 85.71% in the 360-degree group; 32 eyes in the former and 2 eyes in the latter required another glaucoma procedure within 1 year for IOP control. For both groups, compared to baseline values, IOP decreased significantly with all postoperative measurements (paired t test, all P < 0.01). The 360-degree group had significantly lower IOP compared to the traditional group at 1-year (t test, P < 0.01). Conclusions Both 360-degree and traditional trabeculotomy significantly reduced IOP in children through 1 year’s follow-up, although the former procedure shows better 1-year postoperative IOP control, with higher rate of surgical success

Safety and efficacy data supporting U.S. FDA approval of intracameral phenylephrine and ketorolac 1.0%/0.3% for pediatric cataract surgery: clinical safety and pupil and pain management

Purpose: To assess the safety of phenylephrine and ketorolac (PE/K) 1.0%/0.3% compared with phenylephrine (PE) 1.0% in children aged 0 to 3 years undergoing cataract surgery. The effect of PE/K to PE on intraoperative pupil diameter and postoperative pain were also compared. Setting: Multicenter study in the United States. Design: Randomized double-masked phase 3 clinical trial. Methods: This study was powered to assess safety only. Depending on randomization, 4 mL of PE/K 1.0%/0.3% or PE 1.0% was injected into the surgical irrigation solution. Safety endpoints were assessed up to 90 days postoperatively. From surgical videos, a masked central reader measured the change in pupil diameter from immediately prior to incision to wound closure. Postoperative pain was measured using Alder Hey Triage Pain Score at 3 hours, 6 hours, 9 hours, and 24 hours following wound closure and recorded by parent/caregiver. Results: Seventy-two patients received masked intervention. There were no notable changes in vital signs or ophthalmological complications in either group. Mean change in pupil diameter was similar between PE/K 1.0%/0.3% and PE 1.0% (mean difference in area under the curve −0.071; P = .599). Postoperative ocular pain scores and overall mean scores were lower in PE/K group at all individual time points, and differences in overall mean scores were statistically significant at 6 and 24 hours (P = .029 and 0.021, respectively). Conclusions: PE/K 1.0%/0.3% was safe for use in children and maintained mydriasis during cataract surgery. Postoperative pain levels were lower in the PE/K 1.0%/0.3% group

Complications in the first 5 years following cataract surgery in infants with and without intraocular lens implantation in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study

PURPOSE: To compare rates and severity of complications between infants undergoing cataract surgery with and without intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. DESIGN: Prospective randomized clinical trial. METHODS: A total of 114 infants were enrolled in the Infant Aphakia Treatment Study, a randomized, multi-center (12) clinical trial comparing the treatment of unilateral aphakia in patients under 7 months of age with a primary IOL implant or contact lens. The rate, character, and severity of intraoperative complications, adverse events, and additional intraocular surgeries during the first 5 postoperative years in the 2 groups were examined. RESULTS: There were more patients with intraoperative complications (28% vs 11%, P = .031), adverse events (81% vs 56%, P = .008), and more additional intraocular surgeries (72% vs 16%, P < .0001) in the IOL group than in the contact lens group. However, the number of patients with adverse events in the contact lens group increased (15 to 24) in postoperative years 2-5 compared to the first postoperative year, while it decreased (44 to 14) in years 2-5 compared to the first postoperative year in the IOL group. If only one half of the patients in the contact lens (aphakic) group eventually undergo secondary IOL implantation, the number of additional intraocular surgeries in the 2 groups will be approximately equal. CONCLUSION: The increased rate of complications, adverse events, and additional intraocular surgeries associated with IOL implantation in infants <7 months of age militates toward leaving babies aphakic if it is considered likely that the family will be successful with contact lens correction

A pilot randomized clinical trial of intermittent occlusion therapy liquid crystal glasses versus traditional patching for treatment of moderate unilateral amblyopia

PURPOSE: To compare the effectiveness of intermittent occlusion therapy (IO therapy) using liquid crystal glasses and continuous occlusion therapy using traditional adhesive patches for treating amblyopia. METHODS: Children 3-8 years of age with previously untreated, moderate, unilateral amblyopia (visual acuity of 20/40 to 20/100 in the amblyopic eye) were enrolled in this randomized controlled trial. Amblyopia was associated with strabismus, anisometropia, or both. All subjects had worn any optimal refractive correction for at least 12 weeks without improvement. Subjects were randomized into two treatment groups: a 4-hour IO therapy group with liquid crystal glasses (Amblyz), set at 30-second opaque/transparent intervals (occluded 50% of wear time), and a 2-hour continuous patching group (occluded 100% of wear time). For each patient, visual acuity was measured using ATS-HOTV before and after 12 weeks of treatment. RESULTS: Data from 34 patients were available for analysis. Amblyopic eye visual acuity improvement from baseline was 0.15 ± 0.12 logMAR (95% CI, 0.09-0.15) in the IO therapy group (n = 19) and 0.15 ± 0.11 logMAR (95% CI, 0.1-0.15) in the patching group (n = 15). In both groups improvement was significant, but the difference between groups was not (P = 0.73). No adverse effects were reported. CONCLUSIONS: In this pilot study, IO therapy with liquid crystal glasses is not inferior to adhesive patching and is a promising alternative treatment for children 3-8 years of age with moderate amblyopia

Precise measurement of the W-boson mass with the CDF II detector

We have measured the W-boson mass MW using data corresponding to 2.2/fb of integrated luminosity collected in proton-antiproton collisions at 1.96 TeV with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. Samples consisting of 470126 W->enu candidates and 624708 W->munu candidates yield the measurement MW = 80387 +- 12 (stat) +- 15 (syst) = 80387 +- 19 MeV. This is the most precise measurement of the W-boson mass to date and significantly exceeds the precision of all previous measurements combined

Search for the standard model Higgs boson in the H to ZZ to 2l 2nu channel in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV

A search for the standard model Higgs boson in the H to ZZ to 2l 2nu decay channel, where l = e or mu, in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV is presented. The data were collected at the LHC, with the CMS detector, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 inverse femtobarns. No significant excess is observed above the background expectation, and upper limits are set on the Higgs boson production cross section. The presence of the standard model Higgs boson with a mass in the 270-440 GeV range is excluded at 95% confidence level.Comment: Submitted to JHE