Entwicklung eines Modells zur transponderbasierten Informationsflussgestaltung in Produktionsnetzen

Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es die Grundlagen für die Strukturierung, für die Konfiguration sowie für den Betrieb eines EDV-basierten Logistikinformationssystems zu entwickeln, das Produktionsnetzwerke, bestehend aus kleinen und mittelständischen Unternehmen, bei der Adaption von Supply Chain Management-Prinzipien anforderungsgerecht unterstützt. Der innerhalb dieser Arbeit verfolgte Ansatz stützt sich dabei auf die kombinierte Analyse und Verwendung der Nutzen- und Entwicklungspotentiale von intelligenter Transpondertechnik sowie des Internets. Transponder werden zum einen im Hinblick auf ihre Eignung als materialbegleitende, dezentrale und eindeutig identifizierbare Datenbanken untersucht und zum anderen in Bezug auf ihre Verwendbarkeit als technologische Plattform für die Implementierung von Mehrwertdiensten geprüft. Dabei gilt es insbesondere, das für den Einsatz von Transpondertechnik so wichtige Kosten-Nutzen-Verhältnis erheblich zu verbessern.Die im Rahmen dieser Dissertation vorgenommenen Betrachtungen münden in der Erstellung eines Grundkonzeptes sowie der damit verknüpften Ableitung von praxisorientierten Einführungs-, Konfigurations- und Betriebsregeln für ein transponder- und internetbasiertes Logistikinformationssystem, welches sowohl den Bedürfnissen als auch den Beschränkungen von im Verbund agierenden kleinen und mittelständischen Unternehmen entspricht. Die Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit repräsentieren somit einen Leitfaden für interessierte Unternehmen, auf dessen Basis Einsatzpotentiale identifiziert, Aufwände abgeschätzt sowie Lastenhefte entworfen werden können

Der Mensch in der Logistik: Planer, Operateur und Problemlöser

"Innerhalb des Sonderforschungsbereiches 559 analysiert das Teilprojekt M14 'Der Mensch in der Logistik', wie die Rolle des Menschen als Planer, Operateur und Problemlöser in großen Netzen der Logistik entwickelt werden kann. Das zentrale Ziel des Beitrags ist es, Anschlussmöglichkeiten der techniksoziologischen Analyse an das Kuhnsche Prozesskettenparadigma darzustellen. Dazu werden zunächst techniksoziologische Grundannahmen unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des soziotechnischen Systemansatz und Steuerungsmöglichkeiten komplexer Systeme resümiert (Kapitel 1) und sozialwissenschaftliche Befunde zur Rolle des Menschen in soziotechnischen System diskutiert (Kapitel 2). Fragen der Gestaltung logistischer Systeme stehen im Mittelpunkt von drei Fallstudien (Kapitel 4 bis 6), die logistische Prozesse der maritimen Containerlogistik, der Luftfracht und des Straßengüterverkehrs betreffen. Abschließend diskutieren die Autoren, welche spezifischen Kompetenzen den Menschen befähigen, die logistischen Prozesse zu gestalten und unvorhersehbare Situationen zu bewältigen." (Textauszug

Magnon mode selective spin transport in compensated ferrimagnets

We investigate the generation of magnonic thermal spin currents and their mode selective spin transport across interfaces in insulating, compensated ferrimagnet/normal metal bilayer systems. The spin Seebeck effect signal exhibits a non-monotonic temperature dependence with two sign changes of the detected voltage signals. Using different ferrimagnetic garnets, we demonstrate the universality of the observed complex temperature dependence of the spin Seebeck effect. To understand its origin, we systematically vary the interface between the ferrimagnetic garnet and the metallic layer, and by using different metal layers we establish that interface effects play a dominating role. They do not only modify the magnitude of the spin Seebeck effect signal but in particular also alter its temperature dependence. By varying the temperature, we can select the dominating magnon mode and we analyze our results to reveal the mode selective interface transmission probabilities for different magnon modes and interfaces. The comparison of selected systems reveals semi-quantitative details of the interfacial coupling depending on the materials involved, supported by the obtained field dependence of the signal

Dynamic causal modeling of load-dependent modulation of effective connectivity within the verbal working memory network

Neuroimaging studies have consistently shown that working memory (WM) tasks engage a distributed neural network that primarily includes the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, the parietal cortex, and the anterior cingulate cortex. The current challenge is to provide a mechanistic account of the changes observed in regional activity. To achieve this, we characterized neuroplastic responses in effective connectivity between these regions at increasing WM loads using dynamic causal modeling of functional magnetic resonance imaging data obtained from healthy individuals during a verbal n-back task. Our data demonstrate that increasing memory load was associated with (a) right-hemisphere dominance, (b) increasing forward (i.e., posterior to anterior) effective connectivity within the WM network, and (c) reduction in individual variability in WM network architecture resulting in the right-hemisphere forward model reaching an exceedance probability of 99% in the most demanding condition. Our results provide direct empirical support that task difficulty, in our case WM load, is a significant moderator of short-term plasticity, complementing existing theories of task-related reduction in variability in neural networks

X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Nickel(II) Azurin

We show that X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) can be employed to probe the oxidation states and other electronic structural features of nickel active sites in proteins. As a calibration standard, we have measured XMCD and X-ray absorption (XAS) spectra for the nickel(II) derivative of Pseudomonas aeruginosa azurin (NiAz). Our analysis of these spectra confirms that the electronic ground state of NiAz is high-spin (S = 1); we also find that the L3-centroid energy is 853.1(1) eV, the branching ratio is 0.722(4), and the magnetic moment is 1.9(4) μ_B. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations on model NiAz structures establish that orbitals 3d_x^2-y^2 and 3d_z^2 are the two valence holes in the high-spin Ni(II) ground state, and in accord with the experimentally determined orbital magnetic moment, the DFT results also demonstrate that both holes are highly delocalized, with 3d_x^2_(-y)^2 having much greater ligand character

Norovirus Transmission on Cruise Ship

We documented transmission by food and person-to-person contact; persistence of virus despite sanitization onboard, including introductions of new strains; and seeding of an outbreak on land

Intestinal blood flow in patients with chronic heart failure: A link with bacterial growth, gastrointestinal symptoms, and cachexia

Background: Blood flow in the intestinal arteries is reduced in patients with stable heart failure (HF) and relates to gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and cardiac cachexia. Objectives: The aims of this study were to measure arterial intestinal blood flow and assess its role in juxtamucosal bacterial growth, GI symptoms, and cachexia in patients with HF. Methods: A total of 65 patients and 25 controls were investigated. Twelve patients were cachectic. Intestinal blood flow and bowel wall thickness were measured using ultrasound. GI symptoms were documented. Bacteria in stool and juxtamucosal bacteria on biopsies taken during sigmoidoscopy were studied in a subgroup by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Serum lipopolysaccharide antibodies were measured. Results: Patients showed 30% to 43% reduced mean systolic blood flow in the superior and inferior mesenteric arteries and celiac trunk (CT) compared with controls (p < 0.007 for all). Cachectic patients had the lowest blood flow (p < 0.002). Lower blood flow in the superior mesenteric artery and CT was correlated with HF severity (p < 0.04 for all). Patients had more feelings of repletion, flatulence, intestinal murmurs, and burping (p < 0.04). Burping and nausea or vomiting were most severe in patients with cachexia (p < 0.05). Patients with lower CT blood flow had more abdominal discomfort and immunoglobulin A–antilipopolysaccharide (r = 0.76, p < 0.02). Antilipopolysaccharide response was correlated with increased growth of juxtamucosal but not stool bacteria. Patients with intestinal murmurs had greater bowel wall thickness of the sigmoid and descending colon, suggestive of edema contributing to GI symptoms (p < 0.05). In multivariate regression analysis, lower blood flow in the superior mesenteric artery, CT (p < 0.04), and inferior mesenteric artery (p = 0.056) was correlated with the presence of cardiac cachexia. Conclusions: Intestinal blood flow is reduced in patients with HF. This may contribute to juxtamucosal bacterial growth and GI symptoms in patients with advanced HF complicated by cachexia

Технико-экономические характеристики работы твердотопливной котельной в условиях посезонного изменения типа и качества сжигаемого топлива

В ВКР проведена численно-аналитическая оценка технико-экономических характеристик работы твердотопливной котельной при использовании разносортного типа топлива. В качестве сырьевой базы рассмотрены уголь, продукция и отходы лесопромышленного комплекса, а также углеродосодержащий шлак. В том числе отражены достоинства и недостатки использования того или иного топлива на надежностные характеристики работы топливосжигающего оборудования.In WRC the numerical and analytical assessment of technical and economic characteristics of work of a solid-fuel boiler house is carried out at use of different-grade type of fuel. As a raw material base, coal, products and wastes of the timber industry, as well as carbon-containing slag are considered. In particular, the advantages and disadvantages of using a particular fuel for the reliability characteristics of the fuel burning equipment are reflected

Homeopathy for seasonal allergic rhinitis: rationale, design and methods of the three-armed randomized controlled HOMEOSAR trial

Background: Patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) frequently use homeopathic therapy. Although there is some evidence that homeopathy may be effective in treating symptoms of SAR, there is a lack of high-quality clinical trials. Therefore, the aim of the homeopathy for SAR (HOMEOSAR) trial is to determine the efficacy of individualized or standardized homeopathic drug treatment compared to placebo regarding rhinitis-related quality of life in patients with SAR. Methods: This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, three-armed intervention study will be conducted at two university hospital outpatient clinics for complementary and integrative medicine in Berlin and in 12 office-based practices specializing in homeopathic treatment in Germany. A total of 270 patients with clinical symptoms of SAR and positive allergy test to birch and grass pollen will receive homeopathic anamnesis and subsequently be randomized into (a) standardized homeopathic drug treatment with Galphimia Glauca (potency D6), (b) individualized homeopathic drug treatment (D6), or (c) placebo. All three groups can receive on-demand rescue medication as needed. Treatment will consist of two consultations and daily intake of the study medication for 4 weeks during the pollen season. The primary outcome is the mean overall score of the Rhinitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) in weeks 3 and 4, analyzed using analysis of covariance (adjusted for baseline RQLQ overall score and study center). A closed testing procedure will be used to control the overall type I error comparing the 3 treatment groups. Secondary outcomes include the overall RQLQ and its seven domain scores, responder status (decrease in RQLQ overall score of at least 0.5 points compared to the baseline value), use of rescue medication, intensity of total and individual SAR symptoms based on visual analog scale, generic health-related quality of life, safety, utilization of health care resources and associated costs. In addition, a qualitative data analysis is planned. Conclusion: The results of our study will contribute to clarifying the possible therapeutic effects of homeopathic drug treatment for patients with SAR