Many Labs 2: Investigating Variation in Replicability Across Samples and Settings

We conducted preregistered replications of 28 classic and contemporary published findings, with protocols that were peer reviewed in advance, to examine variation in effect magnitudes across samples and settings. Each protocol was administered to approximately half of 125 samples that comprised 15,305 participants from 36 countries and territories. Using the conventional criterion of statistical significance (p < .05), we found that 15 (54%) of the replications provided evidence of a statistically significant effect in the same direction as the original finding. With a strict significance criterion (p < .0001), 14 (50%) of the replications still provided such evidence, a reflection of the extremely highpowered design. Seven (25%) of the replications yielded effect sizes larger than the original ones, and 21 (75%) yielded effect sizes smaller than the original ones. The median comparable Cohen’s ds were 0.60 for the original findings and 0.15 for the replications. The effect sizes were small (< 0.20) in 16 of the replications (57%), and 9 effects (32%) were in the direction opposite the direction of the original effect. Across settings, the Q statistic indicated significant heterogeneity in 11 (39%) of the replication effects, and most of those were among the findings with the largest overall effect sizes; only 1 effect that was near zero in the aggregate showed significant heterogeneity according to this measure. Only 1 effect had a tau value greater than .20, an indication of moderate heterogeneity. Eight others had tau values near or slightly above .10, an indication of slight heterogeneity. Moderation tests indicated that very little heterogeneity was attributable to the order in which the tasks were performed or whether the tasks were administered in lab versus online. Exploratory comparisons revealed little heterogeneity between Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) cultures and less WEIRD cultures (i.e., cultures with relatively high and low WEIRDness scores, respectively). Cumulatively, variability in the observed effect sizes was attributable more to the effect being studied than to the sample or setting in which it was studied.UCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Sociales::Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIP

Une étude translationnelle de la néphropathie à IgA de l’enfant : des variants génétiques à la physiopathologie des biomarqueurs et leurs liens de causalité avec les lésions histologiques

IgAN is an autoimmune disease and its pathogenesis involves galactose deficient (Gd) IgA1, IgG anti-Gd-IgA1 autoantibodies and the soluble IgA Fc receptor (sCD89).Free and IgA1-complexed sCD89 are key players in mesangial proimeration through CD71 receptor. These findings reveal a new role for sCD89 in clgAN, making t a potentially useful biomarker and therapeutic target.sCD89-IgA1 complexes and free sCD89 correlate with proteinunia, es well as histological markers of disease activity: mesangial, endocapillary and extracapillary proliferation. These biomarkors could represent a useful approach to evaluate kidney injury without the need of repeated kidney biopsies Previous works have suggested that familial IgAN could be linked tochromosome s 2g36 region, which is also the coding region for COL4A3/A4.COL4A3 heterozygous variants seems to get a predisposition io senous IgAN presentation. COL4A3 variant at early stage of clgAN could represent a helptul tool to stratty the severity of cigAN beyond the Oxford classification.La N-IgA est une maladie auto-immune impliquant 3 biomarqueurs, les IgA1 hypogalactosylées (Gd)-lgA1,des auto-anticorps IgG anti-Gd-IgA1 et le récepteur soluble (s) CD89 IgA Fc lié à l'IgA (sCD89-IgA). Le sCD8 en circulation sous forme libre ou complexé aux IgA serait un acteur clé de la prolifération mésangiale suite à une interaction avec le récepteur CD71. Les complexes sCD89-IgA et le sCD89 libre étaient fortement liés à la protéinurie et aux lésions histologiques de prolifération in vivo et in vitro. Ces découvertes révèlent un nouveau rôle du sCD89 comme biomarqueur et comme potentielle cible thérapeutique dans la N-IgA de l'enfant. Ces complexes immuns pourraient représenter un outil utile pour éviter les biopsies rénales répétées et suivre la réponse aux traitements. Des travaux antérieurs ont suggéré que des néphropathies dites familiales pourraient être en lien avec la région 2q36 du chromosome, qui est également la région codante pour COL4A3/A4. La N-IgA de l'enfant présentant des variants hétérozygotes pathologiques COL4A3 doit être considérée comme un facteur de prédisposition quant au développement d'une N-IgA sévère. Les variants pathogènes COL4A3 découverts au stade précoce pourraient représenter un outil utile pour stratifier la gravité de la N-IgA de l'enfant au-delà de la classification d'Oxford

A translational study in children IgA nephropathy : from genetic variants to physiopathological biomarkers and their causal relationship with histologic lesions

La N-IgA est une maladie auto-immune impliquant 3 biomarqueurs, les IgA1 hypogalactosylées (Gd)-lgA1,des auto-anticorps IgG anti-Gd-IgA1 et le récepteur soluble (s) CD89 IgA Fc lié à l'IgA (sCD89-IgA). Le sCD8 en circulation sous forme libre ou complexé aux IgA serait un acteur clé de la prolifération mésangiale suite à une interaction avec le récepteur CD71. Les complexes sCD89-IgA et le sCD89 libre étaient fortement liés à la protéinurie et aux lésions histologiques de prolifération in vivo et in vitro. Ces découvertes révèlent un nouveau rôle du sCD89 comme biomarqueur et comme potentielle cible thérapeutique dans la N-IgA de l'enfant. Ces complexes immuns pourraient représenter un outil utile pour éviter les biopsies rénales répétées et suivre la réponse aux traitements. Des travaux antérieurs ont suggéré que des néphropathies dites familiales pourraient être en lien avec la région 2q36 du chromosome, qui est également la région codante pour COL4A3/A4. La N-IgA de l'enfant présentant des variants hétérozygotes pathologiques COL4A3 doit être considérée comme un facteur de prédisposition quant au développement d'une N-IgA sévère. Les variants pathogènes COL4A3 découverts au stade précoce pourraient représenter un outil utile pour stratifier la gravité de la N-IgA de l'enfant au-delà de la classification d'Oxford.IgAN is an autoimmune disease and its pathogenesis involves galactose deficient (Gd) IgA1, IgG anti-Gd-IgA1 autoantibodies and the soluble IgA Fc receptor (sCD89).Free and IgA1-complexed sCD89 are key players in mesangial proimeration through CD71 receptor. These findings reveal a new role for sCD89 in clgAN, making t a potentially useful biomarker and therapeutic target.sCD89-IgA1 complexes and free sCD89 correlate with proteinunia, es well as histological markers of disease activity: mesangial, endocapillary and extracapillary proliferation. These biomarkors could represent a useful approach to evaluate kidney injury without the need of repeated kidney biopsies Previous works have suggested that familial IgAN could be linked tochromosome s 2g36 region, which is also the coding region for COL4A3/A4.COL4A3 heterozygous variants seems to get a predisposition io senous IgAN presentation. COL4A3 variant at early stage of clgAN could represent a helptul tool to stratty the severity of cigAN beyond the Oxford classification

Prediction of falling among stroke patients in rehabilitation

Objective: To identify risk factors and predict falling in stroke patients. To determine the strength of general vs mobility screening for this prediction. Design: Prospective study. Subjects: Patients in the first 6 months after stroke. Methods: The following assessments were carried out: an interview concerning civil state and fall history, Mini-Mental State Examination, Geriatric Depression Scale, Falls Efficacy Scale (FES), Star Cancellation Task (SCT), Stroop test, Berg Balance Scale, Functional Ambulation Categories (FAC), Motricity Index, grip and quadriceps strength, Modified Ashworth Scale, Katz scale, and a 6-month fall follow-up. Results: Sixty-five patients were included for analysis. Thirty -eight (58.5%) reported falling. Risk factors were: being single (odds ratio (OR) 4.7; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.2–18.3), SCT–time (OR 1.2; 95% CI 1.0–1.3), grip strength on unaffected side (US) (OR 0.1; 95% CI 0.0–0.8), FAC 3 vs FAC 4–5 (OR 8.1; 95% CI 1.5–43.2), and walking aid vs none (OR 5.1; 95% CI 1.4–17.8). These parameters were included in predictive models, which finally implied a general model (I) with inclusion of SCT–time, FAC category and use of walking aid. A mobility model (II) included: FAC category and strength (US). These models showed a sensitivity of 94.1% and 76.3%, respectively. Conclusion: Several assessments and both prediction models showed acceptable accuracy in identifying fall-prone patients. A purely physical model can be used; however, looking beyond mobility aspects adds value. Further validation of these results is required

Cherchez la petite bête…

La fièvre boutonneuse méditerranéenne, est une rickettsiose endémique en Afrique sub-saharienne, en Asie du sud et dans le pourtour méditerranéen. Nous décrivons ici deux cas rencontrés à quelques jours d’intervalle dans nos unités de médecine interne, avec pour l’un deux une manifestation ophtalmologique plus inhabituelle[In search for the little beast ...] Mediterranean spotted fever is a rickettsial infection, endemic in sub-Saharan Africa, south Asia, and on the Mediterranean periphery. We herein report two cases, which were seen only a few days apart in our internal medicine units, with one of them bearing an uncommon ophthalmological presentation

Biomechanics of the immediate impact of wearing a rigid thoracolumbar corset on gait kinematics and spatiotemporal parameters

The corset support is a device classified as orthosis. It compensates a functional deficiency with means of protection, recovery, correction, maintenance, and support or contention. There are two types of orthosis 1) rest orthosis and 2) corrective orthosis. Rest orthosis maintains joints in a defined position to avoid deformities or to relieve a pain at joints. Corrective orthosis adjusts joint deformity either passively or actively. Corset is used in various pathological use, thoracic-lumbar fracture, scoliosis, Scheuermann’s disease or spinal dystrophy. The purpose of this study was 1) to determine the immediate impact of wearing a semi-rigid thoracolumbar corset, the Lombax® Dorso on gait kinematics and 2) spatiotemporal parameters in 6 adults. These parameters were recorded using the optoelectronic system Vicon® on treadmill gait subjects with and without corset for the comparison. The results showed that wearing a corset significantly decrease the rotation amplitudes of the scapular and pelvic girdles (p<0.05) in the frontal plane. The movement of the pelvis and hip in this same plane was decreased also when comparing with and without a corset effects (p<0.05). The corset significantly increased the range of flexion-extension of the hip during the gait cycle. At the conclusion of this study the discriminate parameters of wearing a corset was quantified. The results and in association with manufacturer will help to improve materials for better optimization support. Comparable perspectives and after improvement of materials will aim to experiment with patients on real daily life situation

Biomechanics of the immediate impact of wearing a rigid thoracolumbar corset on gait kinematics and spatiotemporal parameters

The corset support is a device classified as orthosis. It compensates a functional deficiency with means of protection, recovery, correction, maintenance, and support or contention. There are two types of orthosis 1) rest orthosis and 2) corrective orthosis. Rest orthosis maintains joints in a defined position to avoid deformities or to relieve a pain at joints. Corrective orthosis adjusts joint deformity either passively or actively. Corset is used in various pathological use, thoracic-lumbar fracture, scoliosis, Scheuermann’s disease or spinal dystrophy. The purpose of this study was 1) to determine the immediate impact of wearing a semi-rigid thoracolumbar corset, the Lombax® Dorso on gait kinematics and 2) spatiotemporal parameters in 6 adults. These parameters were recorded using the optoelectronic system Vicon® on treadmill gait subjects with and without corset for the comparison. The results showed that wearing a corset significantly decrease the rotation amplitudes of the scapular and pelvic girdles (p<0.05) in the frontal plane. The movement of the pelvis and hip in this same plane was decreased also when comparing with and without a corset effects (p<0.05). The corset significantly increased the range of flexion-extension of the hip during the gait cycle. At the conclusion of this study the discriminate parameters of wearing a corset was quantified. The results and in association with manufacturer will help to improve materials for better optimization support. Comparable perspectives and after improvement of materials will aim to experiment with patients on real daily life situation