Workshop on object recognition for input and mobile interaction

Today we can see an increasing number of Object Recognition systems of very different sizes, portability, embedability and form factors which are starting to become part of the ubiquitous, tangible, mobile and wearable computing ecosystems that we might make use of in our daily lives.These systems rely on a variety of technologies including computer vision, radar, acoustic sensing, tagging and smart objects. Such systems open up a wide-range of new forms of touchless interaction. With systems deployed in mobile products then using everyday objects that can be found in the office or home, we can realise new applications and novel types of interaction. Object based interactions might revolutionise how people interact with a computer. System could be used in conjunction with a mobile phone, for example it could be trained to open a recipe app when you hold a phone to your stomach, or change its settings when operating with a gloved hand. Although the last few years have seen an increasing amount of research in this area, knowledge about this subject remains under explored, fragmented, and cuts across a set of related but heterogeneous issues. This workshop brings together researchers and practitioners interested in the challenges posed by Object Recognition for Input and Mobile Interaction.Postprin

Slip of the tongue: implications for evolution and language development

prevailing theory regarding the evolution of language implicates a gestural stage prior to the emergence of speech. In support of a transition of human language from a gestural to a vocal system, articulation of the hands and the tongue are underpinned by overlapping left hemisphere dominant neural regions. Behavioral studies demonstrate that human adults perform sympathetic mouth actions in imitative synchrony with manual actions. Additionally, right-handedness for precision manual actions in children has been corre- lated with the typical development of language, while a lack of hand bias has been associ- ated with psychopathology. It therefore stands to reason that sympathetic mouth actions during fine precision motor action of the hands may be lateralized. We employed a fine-grained behavioral coding paradigm to provide the first investigation of tongue pro- trusions in typically developing 4-year old children. Tongue protrusions were investigated across a range of cognitive tasks that required varying degrees of manual action: precision motor action, gross motor action and no motor actions. The rate of tongue protrusions was influenced by the motor requirements of the task and tongue protrusions were signifi- cantly right-biased for only precision manual motor action (p < .001). From an evolutionary perspective, tongue protrusions can drive new investigations regarding how an early human communication system transitioned from hand to mouth. From a developmental perspective, the present study may serve to reveal patterns of tongue protrusions during the motor development of typically developing children

Handedness as a marker of cerebral lateralization in children with and without autism

We employed a multiple case studies approach to investigate lateralization of hand actions in typically and atypically developing children between 4 and 5 years of age. We report on a detailed set of over 1200 hand actions made by four typically developing boys and four boys with autism. Participants were assessed for unimanual hand actions to both objects and the self (self-directed behaviors). Individual and group analyses suggest that typically developing children have a right hand dominance for hand actions to objects and a left hand dominance for hand actions for self-directed behaviors, revealing a possible dissociation for functional specialization of the left and right hemispheres respectively. Children with autism demonstrated mixed-handedness for both target conditions, consistent with the hypothesis that there is reduced cerebral specialization in these children. The findings are consistent with the view that observed lateralized motor action can serve as an indirect behavioral marker for evidence of cerebral lateralization

Investigating post-stroke fatigue: An individual participant data meta-analysis

The prevalence of post-stroke fatigue differs widely across studies, and reasons for such divergence are unclear. We aimed to collate individual data on post-stroke fatigue from multiple studies to facilitate high-powered meta-analysis, thus increasing our understanding of this complex phenomenon.Methods: We conducted an Individual Participant Data (IPD) meta-analysis on post-stroke fatigue and its associated factors. The starting point was our 2016 systematic review and meta-analysis of post-stroke fatigue prevalence, which included 24 studies that used the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS). Study authors were asked to provide anonymised raw data on the following pre-identified variables: (i) FSS score, (ii) age, (iii) sex, (iv) time post-stroke, (v) depressive symptoms, (vi) stroke severity, (vii) disability, and (viii) stroke type. Linear regression analyses with FSS total score as the dependent variable, clustered by study, were conducted.Results: We obtained data from 14 of the 24 studies, and 12 datasets were suitable for IPD meta-analysis (total n = 2102). Higher levels of fatigue were independently associated with female sex (coeff. = 2.13, 95% CI 0.44–3.82, p = 0.023), depressive symptoms (coeff. = 7.90, 95% CI 1.76–14.04, p = 0.021), longer time since stroke (coeff. = 10.38, 95% CI 4.35–16.41, p = 0.007) and greater disability (coeff. = 4.16, 95% CI 1.52–6.81, p = 0.010). While there was no linear association between fatigue and age, a cubic relationship was identified (p < 0.001), with fatigue peaks in mid-life and the oldest old.Conclusion: Use of IPD meta-analysis gave us the power to identify novel factors associated with fatigue, such as longer time since stroke, as well as a non-linear relationship with age

Pharmacogenetic allele nomenclature: International workgroup recommendations for test result reporting

This manuscript provides nomenclature recommendations developed by an international workgroup to increase transparency and standardization of pharmacogenetic (PGx) result reporting. Presently, sequence variants identified by PGx tests are described using different nomenclature systems. In addition, PGx analysis may detect different sets of variants for each gene, which can affect interpretation of results. This practice has caused confusion and may thereby impede the adoption of clinical PGx testing. Standardization is critical to move PGx forward

The effect of self-selection bias on the testing of a stock price reaction to management earning forecasts

Includes bibliographic references (p. 25-26)

Turnover and training: The influence of perceived organisational support

The purpose of this study was to ascertain whether perceived organisational support moderated the relationship between turnover intention and training participation. The sample comprised 4316 employees in 2002 and 5757 employees in 2003, from the State Government Public Service. Data was collected via surveys. Multiple hierarchical regressions were conducted. The findings offer limited support for the hypothesized moderating influence of perceived organisational support. The interaction between perceived organisational support and training participation did significantly contribute to the prediction of turnover in time 1 and time 2. Furthermore, as anticipated, training participation was negatively related to turnover intention and this relationship was stronger in climates were organisational support was perceived to be low rather than high. However, longitudinal analysis revealed that given the effect of other variables, the interaction between perceived organisational support and training participation, did not significantly contribute to the prediction of turnover intentions. An implication of these findings is that employers who are striving to manage turnover, should focus on managing perceived organisational support rather than training participation

The effect of self-selection bias on the testing of a stock price reaction to management earning forecasts / BEBR 92-0146

Bibliography: p. [25-26]