Uncertainty Estimation in the Quantitative Interpretation of Inverted Reservoir Property Volumes

Volumetric uncertainty in reservoir property volume estimation using 3D seismic data, well logs, and P-wave inversion outputs can be calculated using synthetic modeling, multi-attribute linear regression, and collocated cokriging. This can be accomplished using a multi-attribute linear regression to create the initial reservoir property volume, and then using this volume as a covariate to a simulated collocated cokriging approach from which an uncertainty in the volume estimate is computed. In a synthetic test example, the initial reservoir property volume estimated from the synthetic dataset exhibited a 0.92 correlation coefficient to the known reservoir properties. Due to the high correlation between the hard data and soft data the collocated cokriging output was almost identical to the multi-attribute non-linear regression. Except around the vicinity of the well were it had an overall smoother output. An uncertainty volume generated from the standard deviation of thirty realizations of the collocated cokriging process run using SGS (Sequential Gaussian Simulation) effectively predicted the lower error regimes in the vicinity of the well locations, however the areas with high error away from the well locations were not captured by this process. When applying the framework validated above to a real dataset in the Mississippi Limestone near Morrison Oklahoma the output of the non-linear regression based method had a correlation coefficient of 0.81 to measured well logs. The collocated cokriging process created a higher vertical resolution output than the non-linear regression output because the vertical sampling is closer to that of the well, approximately 74,000,000 cells in the grid compared to 14,000,000 in the synthetic. The overall approach shows the potential to calculate volumetric uncertainty in reservoir property volume estimation using 3D seismic data, well logs, and P-wave inversion outputs, which can be computed on a regular basis using multi-attribute linear regression and collocated cokriging.Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Department o

The challenges of identifying and classifying child sexual abuse material

The aim of the present study was to (a) assess the reliability with which indecent images of children (IIOC) are classified as being of an indecent versus nonindecent nature, and (b) examine in detail the decision-making process engaged in by law enforcement personnel who undertake the difficult task of identifying and classifying IIOC as per the current legislative offense categories. One experienced researcher and four employees from a police force in the United Kingdom coded an extensive amount of IIOC (n = 1,212-2,233) to determine if they (a) were deemed to be of an indecent nature, and (b) depicted a child. Interrater reliability analyses revealed both considerable agreement and disagreement across coders, which were followed up with two focus groups involving the four employees. The first entailed a general discussion of the aspects that made such material more or less difficult to identify; the second focused around images where there had been either agreement (n = 20) or disagreement (n = 36) across coders that the images were of an indecent nature. Using thematic analysis, a number of factors apparent within IIOC were revealed to make the determination of youthfulness and indecency significantly more challenging for coders, with most relating to the developmental stage of the victim and the ambiguity of the context of an image. Findings are discussed in light of their implications for the identification of victims of ongoing sexual exploitation/abuse, the assessment and treatment of individuals in possession of IIOC, as well as the practice of policing and sentencing this type of offending behavior

UA66/8/2 The Climate of Bowling Green & Warren County

Climate analysis of Bowling Green and Warren County, Kentucky from 1958 to 1987

Comparative study of natural terpenoid precursors in reactive plasmas for thin film deposition

If plasma polymer thin films are to be synthesised from sustainable and natural precursors of chemically heterogeneous composition, it is important to understand the extent to which this composition influences the mechanism of polymerisation. To this end, a well-studied monoterpene alcohol, terpinen-4-ol, has been targeted for a comparative study with the naturally occurring mix of terpenes (viz. Melaleuca alternifolia oil) from which it is commonly distilled. Positive ion mode mass spectra of both terpinen-4-ol and M. alternifolia oil showed a decrease in disparities between the type and abundance of cationic species formed in their respective plasma environments as applied plasma power was increased. Supplementary biological assay revealed the antibacterial action of both terpinen-4-ol and M. alternifolia derived coatings with respect to S. aureus bacteria, whilst cytocompatibility was demonstrated by comparable eukaryotic cell adhesion to both coatings. Elucidating the processes occurring within the reactive plasmas can enhance the economics of plasma polymer deposition by permitting use of the minimum power, time and precursor pre-processing required to control the extent of monomer fragmentation and fabricate a film of the desired thickness and functionality

UA66/8/2 Earthquake Risk Assessment for Warren County, Kentucky

Earthquake risk assessment report for Bowling Green and Warren County, Kentucky. Include illustrations and maps

HRM and the case of transgender workers: a complex landscape of limited HRM ‘know how’ with some pockets of good practice

Purpose: HRM departments report a lack of knowledge on supporting transgender employees during gender transition in the workplace. The purpose of this research is to survey the experiences of transgender workers in English, French and German speaking countries to evaluate their experience of transitioning at work and the HRM support they received to do so. Design/methodology/approach: A questionnaire consisting of 32 quantitative items and qualitative text boxes was completed by 166 transgender individuals. Findings: Results show a mostly negative landscape with some pockets of good practice. Research limitations/implications: Answers are based on self-report measures and data is cross-sectional. Practical implications: Recommendations for good practice are proposed for HRM departments. Social implications: A move towards a more inclusive workplace. Originality/value: Questions focus on HRM practices specifically while other surveys have assessed work practices more broadly

TQM implementation: An empirical examination and proposed generic model

Total quality management (TQM) is considered by many as an important quality and business performance improvement tool. The popularity of the concept has led to an explosion of TQM related literature. A careful review of the literature suggests that most publications recount the experiences or perceptions of the authors or deal with single case organisations. Furthermore, there is a dearth of empirical research and literature dealing with TQM's implementation process. This paper reports the findings of a research project that empirically examined the process of TQM implementation in a sample of organisations widely regarded as leading exponents of TQM. The paper presents a non-prescriptive model of the TQM implementation process derived from the findings and proposes an "outcome driven" approach as an alternative to the more commonplace TQM implementation strategies

Chemotherapeutic wafers for High Grade Glioma

addresses: Clinical Neurosciences, Bramwell Dott Building, Western General Hospital, Crewe Road, Edinburgh, Midlothian, UK, EH4 2XU. [email protected]: Journal Article; Meta-Analysis; ReviewThis review is published as a Cochrane Review in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2008, Issue 3. Cochrane Reviews are regularly updated as new evidence emerges and in response to comments and criticisms, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews should be consulted for the most recent version of the Review.Standard treatment for high grade glioma (HGG) usually entails biopsy or surgical resection where possible followed by radiotherapy. Systemic chemotherapy is usually only given in selected cases and its use is often limited by side effects. Implanting wafers impregnated with chemotherapy agents into the resection cavity represents a novel means of delivering drugs to the central nervous system (CNS) with fewer side effects. It is not clear how effective this modality is or whether it should be recommended as part of standard care for HGG

Opening the Woods: Towards a Quantification of Neolithic Clearance Around the Somerset Levels and Moors

Environmental reconstructions from pollen records collected within archaeological landscapes have traditionally taken a broadly narrative approach, with few attempts made at hypothesis testing or formal assessment of uncertainty. This disjuncture between the traditional interpretive approach to palynological data and the requirement for detailed, locally specific reconstructions of the landscapes in which people lived has arguably hindered closer integration of palaeoecological and archaeological datasets in recent decades. Here we implement a fundamentally different method for reconstructing past land cover from pollen records to the landscapes of and around the Somerset Levels and Moors — the Multiple Scenario Approach (MSA) — to reconstruct land cover for a series of 200-year timeslices covering the period 4200–2000 cal BC. Modelling of both archaeological and sediment chronologies enables integration of reconstructed changes in land cover with archaeological evidence of contemporary Neolithic human activity. The MSA reconstructions are presented as a series of land cover maps and as graphs of quantitative measures of woodland clearance tracked over time. Our reconstructions provide a more nuanced understanding of the scale and timing of Neolithic clearance than has previously been available from narrative based interpretations of pollen data. While the archaeological record tends to promote a view of long-term continuity in terms of the persistent building of wooden structures in the wetlands, our new interpretation of the palynological data contributes a more dynamic and varying narrative. Our case study demonstrates the potential for further integration of archaeological and palynological datasets, enabling us to get closer to the landscapes in which people lived