A Macroeconomic Analysis Of Inventory/Sales Ratios

Metzlers (1941) research on the relationship between inventory and business cycles initiated serious interest in inventory behavior and its effect on the behavior of firms. A flurry of related research took place in the following two decades. Research of the time clearly demonstrated that, at a macro level, the inventory behaviors are significant features in business cycles. One measure of inventory behavior introduced and analyzed was the inventory-to-sales ratio. We continue to believe that understanding of inventory behavior at both the macro and microeconomic levels is a prerequisite to understanding factors that determine a firms success, and that analysis of the inventory-to-sales ratio is important component of inventory behavior. The U.S. Department of Commerce and other government and private institutions track this ratio and report regularly. Financial analysts use both a company's trend and its comparative value within a sector to make investment decisions

Changes of indicators of social intelligence for substance use disorders patients: Before Minnesota program, after program treatment and six months later

To estimate indicator changes of Social Intelligence (SI) of substance use disorders (SUD) patients before Minnesota program (MP), after MP treatment and six months later. Material and methods: The first measurement was done at the beginning of treatment in Minnesota program (MP), the second measurement was done, when program was finished. The third measurement was done 6 months after treatment. Selection of research was composed by 204 respondents with diagnosis of SUD (F10.2 – F19.2, ICD-10), average age 36,9 (SD = 11,1); 61.3% − male; 79.4% − alcoholics. Instruments: Trømso Social Intelligence Scale, TSIS (Silvera, Martinussen, Dahl, 2001). Scale of SI consists of 21 items, building 3 factors: Social information processing (SP), social skills (SS), social awareness (SA). Descriptive and ANOVA was used for data processing. Results and Conclusions. After data of descriptive statistic, SI indicators increase for MP patients in all 3 scales after treatment and 6 months later. In comparing SI results for MP patients both male and female, in all three measurements, descriptive and conclusive statistical data (Bonferroni test) show that statistically significant time effect (p ≤ 0.05) appears in the total SI for men, furthermore, the changes occurred between the 1st and 3rd measurements.publishersversionPeer reviewe

Guidance for New Motivational Interviewing Trainers When Training Addiction Professionals

Evidence-based practices, such as motivational interviewing (MI), are not widely used in community alcohol and drug treatment settings. Successfully broadening the dissemination of MI will require numerous trainers and supervisors who are equipped to manage common barriers  to technology transfer. The aims of the our survey of 36 MI trainers were: 1) to gather opinions about the optimal format, duration, and content for beginning level addiction-focused MI training conducted by novice trainers and 2) to identify the challenges most likely to be encountered during provision of beginninglevel MI training and supervision, as well as the most highly recommended strategies for managing those challenges in addiction treatment sites. It is hoped that the findings of this survey will help beginning trainers equip themselves for successful training experience

Modeling neurocognitive and neurobiological recovery in addiction

This book focuses on "what to know" and "how to apply" information, prioritizing novel principles and delineating cutting-edge assessment, phenotyping and treatment tools

Gender Differences in Interpersonal Problems of Alcohol-Dependent Patients and Healthy Controls

Alcohol dependence is a heavy burden on patients, their families, and society. Epidemiological studies indicate that alcohol dependence will affect many individuals at some time in their lives, with men affected more frequently than women. Since alcohol-dependent patients often exhibit a lack of social skills and suffer from interpersonal problems, the aim of this study is to elucidate whether men and women experience the same interpersonal problems. Eighty-five alcohol-dependent patients (48 men; 37 women) after detoxification and 62 healthy controls (35 men; 27 women) were recruited. Interpersonal problems were measured with the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems (IIP-64). Additionally, alcohol-dependent patients were interviewed with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and were subtyped according to Lesch’s Alcohol Typology (LAT). There were no significant gender differences in the AUDIT and LAT between alcohol-dependent men and women. Interpersonal problems of alcohol-dependent men differed significantly in one out of eight dimensions from controls; alcohol-dependent men perceive themselves as colder than male controls. Alcohol-dependent women differed in four out of eight interpersonal dimensions from female controls. Alcohol-dependent women rated themselves as significantly more vindictive, more introverted, more overly accommodating and more intrusive than female controls. Results suggest that alcohol-dependent men and women suffer from different interpersonal problems and furthermore alcohol-dependent women perceive more interpersonal problems, whereas the severity of alcohol dependence did not differ between the groups. Our findings indicate that alcohol-dependent women may profit more from a gender-specific treatment approach aimed at improving treatment outcome than alcohol-dependent men

Learning How to Ask - Does a one-day training increase trauma inquiry in routine substance use disorder practice? Results of a cluster-randomized controlled trial

Aims To examine the effectiveness of a one-day skills training program for increasing trauma inquiry in routine substance use disorder treatment. Design Cluster-randomized two-armed controlled trial, with 12 substance use disorder (SUD) organizations operating 25 counseling centers, randomly assigned to training in trauma inquiry (13 counseling centers of 8 SUD organizations) or no training (12 counseling centers of 4 SUD organizations). Setting SUD counseling centers in Northern Germany. Cases N = 5204 SUD counseling services. Intervention The professionals assigned to the intervention group received a one-day training in trauma inquiry plus a 1.5-hour refresher session 3 months later. Professionals in the control group received no training. Measures Over a 12-month period, professionals documented for each counseling service whether they asked the client about four traumatic events: physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse and neglect. Analysis Primary outcomes were rates of asking about physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse and neglect in the 6 months after training. These were compared across conditions, while adjusting for baseline probabilities in the 6 months before the intervention, using mixed-effects logistic regression. Findings In the 6 months after training, the rate of asking about physical abuse was 18% higher in the SUD counseling services of trained professionals, relative to services of untrained professionals (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = [1.01–1.37, p = .035]). No effect was found for asking about sexual abuse, emotional abuse and neglect. Conclusion A one-day training program in trauma inquiry, combined with a brief refresher session, was effective in increasing inquiries about physical abuse in routine counseling practice. The training was ineffective in increasing inquiries about sexual abuse, emotional abuse and neglect. The effectiveness of a one-day training of trauma inquiry might be increased by a longer training, or by combining it with additional elements, such as ongoing supervision

Web-based self-help for problem drinkers: pragmatic randomised trial.

0.001; standardized mean difference 0.40). Conclusions To our knowledge this is one of the first randomized controlled trials on aweb-based self-help intervention without therapist guidance for self-referred problem drinkers among the adult general population. The intervention showed itself to be effective in reducing problem drinking in the community. Keywords General population, internet, pragmatic randomized controlled trial, problem drinking, self-help

Sex differences, gender and addiction

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134421/1/jnr23963_am.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/134421/2/jnr23963.pd

Predictors of Treatment Attrition Among an Outpatient Clinic Sample of Youths With Clinically Significant Anxiety

Predictors of treatment attrition were examined in a sample of 197 youths (ages 5–18) with clinically-significant symptoms of anxiety seeking psychotherapy services at a community-based outpatient mental health clinic (OMHC). Two related definitions of attrition were considered: (a) clinician-rated dropout (CR), and (b) CR dropout qualified by phase of treatment (pre, early, or late phases) (PT). Across both definitions, rates of attrition in the OMHC sample were higher than those for anxious youths treated in randomized controlled trials, and comorbid depression symptoms predicted dropout, with a higher rate of depressed youths dropping out later in treatment (after 6 sessions). Using the PT definition, minority status also predicted attrition, with more African-American youths lost pre-treatment. Other demographic (age, gender, single parent status) and clinical (externalizing symptoms, anxiety severity) characteristics were not significantly associated with attrition using either definition. Implications for services for anxious youths in public service settings are discussed. Results highlight the important role of comorbid depression in the treatment of anxious youth and the potential value of targeted retention efforts for ethnic minority families early in the treatment process