Cortical Gray Matter Injury in Encephalopathy of Prematurity: Link to Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Preterm-born infants frequently suffer from an array of neurological damage, collectively termed encephalopathy of prematurity (EoP). They also have an increased risk of presenting with a neurodevelopmental disorder (e.g., autism spectrum disorder; attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) later in life. It is hypothesized that it is the gray matter injury to the cortex, in addition to white matter injury, in EoP that is responsible for the altered behavior and cognition in these individuals. However, although it is established that gray matter injury occurs in infants following preterm birth, the exact nature of these changes is not fully elucidated. Here we will review the current state of knowledge in this field, amalgamating data from both clinical and preclinical studies. This will be placed in the context of normal processes of developmental biology and the known pathophysiology of neurodevelopmental disorders. Novel diagnostic and therapeutic tactics required integration of this information so that in the future we can combine mechanism-based approaches with patient stratification to ensure the most efficacious and cost-effective clinical practice

A cross-over study of continuous tracheal cuff pressure monitoring in critically-ill children

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CCD RECORDING METHOD FOR CROSS-CORRELATION PIV DEVELOPMENT IN UNSTATIONARY HIGH-SPEED FLOW

Lecordier, b mouqallid, m vottier, s rouland, e allano, d trinite, mUp to now, the use of CCD cameras, for cross-correlation development in Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV), is reduced to relatively slow flows. An original storage method of two images on the two half frames of a video camera permits now to decrease the interval between exposures (10 mus). Therefore, it is possible to study high speed flows. Applications are shown of a jet and a turbulent flame propagation