First description of sarcoptic mange in an Iberian hare (Lepus granatensis)

The Iberian hare (Lepus granatensis) is a popular small game species in the Iberian Peninsula, and it has never been reported to be affected by sarcoptic mange. An adult female Iberian hare with overt skin lesions on forelimbs and ventral thorax, suggestive of sarcoptic mange, was culled in Quart de les Valls municipality in the Valencian Community, Spain, in 2019. Skin scrapings were digested in 10% KOH solutions to confirm the presence of mites. Ten Sarcoptes microsatellite markers were used to characterize the genetic structure of mites obtained from the hare, and from sympatric and allopatric wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) and red foxes (Vulpes vulpes). A total of 56 alleles were counted across the 10 microsatellite loci. Six private alleles were found at four loci (Sarms 33, 38, 41, 45). The multivariate analysis characterized three main clusters, corresponding to mites collected on foxes originating from Catalonia, foxes from Valencia and the hare plus wild rabbits. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of sarcoptic mange in the Iberian hare. The origin was molecularly traced back to contacts with endemically infected wild rabbits. We encourage further investigations on cross-transmissibility of S. scabiei between wild rabbits and the diverse representatives of Lepus spp

Optical Temperature Sensor Capabilities of the Green Upconverted Luminescence of Er3+ in La3NbO7 Ceramic Powders

We present a study of the Er3+ upconverted luminescence in erbium doped Lanthanum Niobium Oxide, La3NbO7, ceramic powder, prepared by solid state reaction. This study focuses on the analysis of the feasibility of this system as a temperature sensor. Efficient UC luminescence was observed under the 975 nm excitation showing intense green, red and NIR (850 nm) emission bands. The NIR luminescence centred at about 850 nm and lying on the first biological window is mainly insensitive to the temperature. In contrast, the upconverted green bands, associated with the (2H11/2,4S3/2) !4I15/2 transitions, showed a high sensibility to temperature. Their temperature dependence was studied from RT up to 525 K, paying special attention to the physiological range of temperature (303–318 K). The high thermal sensitivities obtained, in comparison with other Er3+ and Er3+-Yb3+ based optical temperature sensors in such ranges, suggest the potential application of this phosphor in thermal sensing, suitable for both biological systems and other industrial applications requiring higher temperatures.This research has been partially supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICINN) through the Spanish projects RTI2018-101020-B-100 and PID2019- 106383GB-C44, by the Madrid Government (Comunidad de Madrid-Spain) under the Multiannual Agreement with UC3Min the line of Excellence of University Professors (EPUC3MXX) and in the context of the V PRICIT (Regional Programme of Research and Technological Innovation) by the Agencia Canaria de Investigación, Innovación y Sociedad de la Información (ACIISI) (ProID2017010078). M.A.H.-R. thanks MINECO for the FPI grant (BES-2014-068666). U.R.R.-M. thanks Gobierno de Canarias and EU-FEDER for grant ProID2020010067

Excitation of emission lines by fluorescence and recombination in IC 418

We predict intensities of lines of CII, NI, NII, OI and OII and compare them with a deep spectroscopic survey of IC 418 to test the effect of excitation of nebular emission lines by continuum fluorescence of starlight. Our calculations use a nebular model and a synthetic spectrum of its central star to take into account excitation of the lines by continuum fluorescence and recombination. The NII spectrum is mostly produced by fluorescence due to the low excitation conditions of the nebula, but many CII and OII lines have more excitation by fluorescence than recombination. In the neutral envelope, the NI permitted lines are excited by fluorescence, and almost all the OI lines are excited by recombination. Electron excitation produces the forbidden optical lines of OI, but continuum fluorescence excites most of the NI forbidden line intensities. Lines excited by fluorescence of light below the Lyman limit thus suggest a new diagnostic to explore the photodissociation region of a nebula.Comment: 2 pages, 4 figures, to appear in proceedings of the IAU Symposium 283: "Planetary Nebulae: An Eye to the Future", Eds.: A. Manchado, L. Stanghellini and D. Schoenberne

Broadband, site selective and time resolved photoluminescence spectroscopic studies of finely size-modulated Y2O3:Eu3+ phosphors synthesized by a complex based precursor solution method

Undoped and Eu3+-doped cubic yttria (Y2O3) nanophosphors of good crystallinity, with selective particle sizes ranging between 6 and 37 nm and showing narrow size distributions, have been synthesized by a complex-based precursor solution method. The systematic size tuning has been evidenced by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman scattering measurements. Furthermore, size-modulated properties of Eu3+ ions have been correlated with the local structure of Eu3+ ion in different sized Y2O3:Eu3+ nanophosphors by means of steady-state and time-resolved site-selective laser spectroscopies. Time-resolved site-selective excitation measurements performed in the 7F0 ¿ 5D0 peaks of the Eu3+ ions at C2 sites have allowed us to conclude that Eu3+ ions close to the nanocrystal surface experience a larger crystal field than those in the nanocrystal core. Under the site-selective excitation in the 7F0 ¿ 5D0 peaks, energy transfer between the sites has also been observed.Authors are grateful to Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion of Spain (MICINN) under The National Program of Materials (MAT2010-21270-C04-02/03/04), the Consolider-Ingenio 2010 Program (MALTA CSD2007-0045), Generalitat Valenciana (GVA-ACOMP-2013-012), and to the EU-FEDER Funds for their financial support. F.J.M. and O.G. are grateful to the Vicerrectorado de Investigacion y Desarrollo of the Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (UPV2011-0914 PAID-05-11 and UPV2011-0966 PAID-06-11). S.F.L-L. wishes to thank MICCIN for an FPI grant (BES-2008-003353). Finally, S. R. wishes to thank Universitat Politecnica de Valencia and Universidad de La Laguna for the financial support during her research stays.Ray, S.; León-Luis, SF.; Manjón Herrera, FJ.; Mollar García, MA.; Gomis Hilario, O.; Rodríguez-Mendoza, UR.; Agouram, S.... (2014). Broadband, site selective and time resolved photoluminescence spectroscopic studies of finely size-modulated Y2O3:Eu3+ phosphors synthesized by a complex based precursor solution method. Current Applied Physics. 14(1):72-81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cap.2013.07.027S728114

SST, thermohaline structure, and circulation in the southern Gulf of California in June 2004 during the North American Monsoon Experiment

The article of record as published may be located at http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2008JC004896The thermohaline structure, circulation, and heat fluxes in the Gulf of California entrance during June 2004 are described based on conductivity-temperature-depth and Lowering Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler data collected in a 14-day survey, supported by satellite data. The AVHRR images show extensive mesoscale structures in the region, the most striking being (1) a cool filament extending from the California Current domain and (2) a warm intrusion along the mainland shelf. On the warm side of the thermal front created by the cool filament there was a strong current flowing into the Gulf, with speeds up to 0.70 ms!1 in the surface; this current, which the SST images suggest was associated with a decaying eddy, carried 6 Sv into the Gulf. Associated with the second structure, there was an ingoing coastal current on the mainland shelf, with weak surface currents but with speeds "0.25 ms!1 at its core, between 70 and 200 m; this coastal current transported 2 Sv into the Gulf. The two ingoing currents appear to join inside the Gulf, forming a very strong (speeds 0.40–0.80 ms!1) narrow ("30 km) coastal current between the surface and 500 m depth. Changes in the thermohaline structure of the upper layers observed by repeat sampling of three cross sections were dominated by advection. However, it was found that the advective heat flux is very variable in space and time. For the period of observation it was estimated that the lateral heat input was 4.8 ± 3.0 # 105 Wm!2 as estimated with LADCP currents and 5.7 ± 2.20 X 10^5 Wm!2 with geostrophic velocities.This is a product of project ‘‘The Role of Oceanic Processes on the Gulf of California SST Evolution during the North American Monsoon Experiment,’’ which is part of the North American Monsoon Experiment (NOAA contract GC04– 219, P.I. Michael Douglas). This work was also supported by CONACyT (Mexico) projects D41881-F (P.I., MFL) and C01–25343 (P.I., RC), by UABC projects (P-0324 and P-0352) and by CICESE. VMG held a CONACYT scholarship. MFL was at SIO-UCSD as recipient of a UCMEXUSCONACYT sabbatical scholarship, hosted by P. Niiler, while working on this article

Small scale temporal patterns of recruitment and hatching of Atlantic horse mackerel (L.) at a nearshore reef area

Atlantic horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus, Linnaeus, 1758) is a highly exploited species, common throughout the North-East Atlantic. As a pelagic-neritic fish it typically occurs over the shelf from the surface to 200 m deep on sandy bottoms. Most research has focused on distributions of adults or early life stages (eggs and larvae) of this species in offshore waters and only a few studies have reported the occurrence of early stages near the coast. However, these nearshore environments might be important for the early growth and survival of the Atlantic horse mackerel. In addition, little is known on how environmental processes might affect the early stages of this species. Here, we monitored weekly recruitment of horse mackerel to artificial substrates (SMURFS) deployed near the coast at both the surface and near the bottom, and back-calculated hatching cohorts. The relationship of both recruitment and hatching patterns with environmental factors was investigated. From a total of 2,515 fish, 2,490 (99%) recruited to surface SMURFS. A GAM and GAMM analysis of the recruitment and hatching patterns, respectively, revealed a strong relationship with the lunar cycle and upwelling. Both recruitment and hatching showed lunar periodicity, with peaks near the new moon and revealed to be influenced negatively by upwelling. This study suggests that the nearshore environment might be an important nursery area for post-larval and early juvenile Atlantic horse mackerelFundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT)info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio