Opacidade das fronteiras entre real e virtual na perspectiva dos usuários do Facebook

This article analyzes the relationship between the real and virtual worlds from the perspective of young users of the world's largest social network, Facebook. To achieve the objective, this research involved conducting semi-structured interviews with ten young male and female users of the network who were residing in the Brazilian Federal District. Data were analyzed from an interdisciplinary perspective, particularly supported by interpretive theories derived from Social Psychology and Sociocultural Anthropology. It was evident that participants conceive these two categories as distinct from one another, each with its own peculiarities, but maintaining relationships of similarities and differences. A further observation was that the subjective experiences of the research subjects ended up creating a kind of continuum whose existence is juxtaposed between each of these environments, with the boundaries between them becoming opaque or shifting.Este artículo analiza la relación entre el mundo real y el virtual desde la perspectiva de los jóvenes usuarios de la mayor red social del mundo, el Facebook. Para lograr el objetivo, se entrevistó, mediante entrevistas semi-estructuradas, diez jóvenes usuarios de la red de ambos los sexos residentes en el Distrito Federal. Los datos fueron analizados desde una perspectiva interdisciplinaria, particularmente apoyada en teorías interpretativas oriundas de la psicología social y antropología sociocultural. Se evidenció que los participantes conciben a estas dos categorías como distintas una de la otra, pero manteniendo relaciones de similitud y diferencia. Se observó, además, que las vivencias subjetivas de los sujetos de la investigación terminan creando una especie de continuum cuya la existencia se encuentra yuxtapuesta entre cada uno de estos ambientes, convirtiendo en opaca o movediza las fronteras entre ellos.Este artigo analisa a relação entre o mundo real e o virtual com base na perspectiva dos jovens usuários da maior rede social do mundo, o Facebook. Para a consecução do objetivo, esta pesquisa ouviu, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, dez jovens usuários de ambos os sexos residentes no Distrito Federal. Os dados foram analisados sob a perspectiva interdisciplinar, particularmente respaldada em teorias interpretativas oriundas da psicologia social e da antropologia sociocultural. Evidenciou-se que os participantes concebem essas duas categorias como distintas uma da outra, na medida em que cada uma possui suas especificidades e relações de diferença e de similaridade. Constatou-se ainda que as vivências subjetivas dos sujeitos pesquisados acabam criando uma espécie de continuum cuja existência encontra-se justaposta entre cada um desses ambientes, tornando opacas ou movediças as fronteiras entre ambos.Cet article analyse la relation entre le monde réel et le virtuel dans la perspective des jeunes utilisateurs du plus grand réseau social du monde: le Facebook. Pour atteindre cet objectif, cette étude a interrogé, avec d'entretiens semi-structurés, dix jeunes utilisateurs du réseau, des deux sexes, résidants au District Fédéral brésilien. Les données ont été analysées dans une perspective interdisciplinaire, particulièrement soutenue par les théories interprétatives issues de la Psychologie Sociale et de l'Anthropologie Socioculturelle. Il est devenu évident que les participants conçoivent ces deux catégories en tant que distinctes l'une de l'autre, à la mesure où chacune comporte ses propres particularités et ses relations de différence et de similarité. Il a également été constaté que les expériences subjectives des sujets de recherche finissent par créer une sorte de continuum, dont l'existence est juxtaposée entre chacun de ces environnements et deviennent opaque ou déplace des frontières entre eux

Synthesis of Trichodermin Derivatives and Their Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities

Trichothecene mycotoxins are recognized as highly bioactive compounds that can be used in the design of new useful bioactive molecules. In Trichoderma brevicompactum, the first specific step in trichothecene biosynthesis is carried out by a terpene cyclase, trichodiene synthase, that catalyzes the conversion of farnesyl diphosphate to trichodiene and is encoded by the tri5 gene. Overexpression of tri5 resulted in increased levels of trichodermin, a trichothecene-type toxin, which is a valuable tool in preparing new molecules with a trichothecene skeleton. In this work, we developed the hemisynthesis of trichodermin and trichodermol derivatives in order to evaluate their antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities and to study the chemo-modulation of their bioactivity. Some derivatives with a short chain at the C-4 position displayed selective antimicrobial activity against Candida albicans and they showed MIC values similar to those displayed by trichodermin. It is important to highlight the cytotoxic selectivity observed for compounds 9, 13, and 15, which presented average IC50 values of 2 g/mL and were cytotoxic against tumorigenic cell line MCF-7 (breast carcinoma) and not against Fa2N4 (non-tumoral immortalized human hepatocytes)

Discriminação de áreas de pastagens plantadas por meio de séries temporais EVI-2.

Técnicas envolvendo a análise multitemporal vêm sendo amplamente empregadas em estudos com imagens de sensores ópticos. Alguns alvos possuem comportamento dinâmico no que diz respeito à resposta espectral no decorrer do tempo, como a paisagem agrícola, pastagens e a cobertura vegetal.O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar o potencial de séries temporais EVI-2 (Enhanced Vegetation-2) para discriminar áreas de pastagens plantadas de áreas naturais, incluindo áreas com pastagens naturais.A área de estudo está localizada na região do município de Aquidauana (MS), entre as coordenadas 19º 24´e 19º 58´de latitude sul e 55º 43´ e 55 02´de longitude oeste. As estações do ano, chuvosa e seca, foram definidas a partir dos dados de precipitação mensal acumulada da estação pluviométrica de Taboco (20º 04? 13??S e 55º 38? 43??O). Os perfis temporais de EVI-2 foram derivados de imagens TM\Landsat de 2008 a 2011. A discriminação das classes analisadas foi avaliada por meio do teste não paramétrico Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA e apresentado por meio de dendrogramas.Os resultados indicaram que em ambas as estações a discriminação das áreas de pastagens das áreas de vegetação natural analisadas foi possível. Em 66% e 80% das imagens de EVI-2 as áreas de pastagens plantadas foram discriminadas nas estações chuvosa e seca, respectivamente

Discriminação de pastagem plantada por meio da classificação supervisionada das séries multitemporais de EVI-2 na transição Pantanal-Cerrado.

Dada a alta demanda pela espacialização das áreas de pastagens plantadas e a eficiência da classificação supervisionada de séries temporais de EVI-2 derivadas de imagens de média resolução (De Paula, 2013), objetivou-se discriminar e gerar mapa de pastagens plantadas por meio da classificação supervisionada utilizando o classificador máxima verossimilhança (MaxVer) aplicado à séries temporais de EVI-2 derivadas de imagens de média resolução espacial

INFLUENCE OF SCREW ACCESS CHANNEL ON THE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH OF LITHIUM DISILICATE AND ZIRCONIA IMPLANT SUPPORTED CROWNS

Objetivo: Avaliar a influência de um canal de acesso do parafuso (CAP) sobre a resistência à compressão de coroas implantossuportadas fabricadas com abutments parafusados ou cimentados usando zircônia estabilizada com ítria (YSZ) ou estruturas de dissilicato de lítio infraestruturas (LS2). Materiais e Método: Quarenta espécimes compostos por análogos de implantes de conexão hexagonal externa e uma plataforma de 4,1 mm, pilares pré-fabricados de titânio para próteses cimentadas e infraestruturas para coroas totais foram confeccionados. Os corpos-de-prova foram divididos em quatro grupos (n = 10) com base no sistema cerâmico e presença de CAP da seguinte forma: G1 = YSZ coroa sem CAP (controle); G2 = YSZ com CAP; G3 = coroa LS2 sem CAP (controle); G4 = coroa LS2 com CAP. Todas as coroas foram cimentadas, e os orifícios de acesso dos parafusos nas coroas dos grupos experimentais foram restaurados com um compósito fotopolimerizável. Os corpos-de-prova foram submetidos a testes de compressão em máquina universal de teste de carga (EMIC DL 2000) a uma velocidade de 0,5 mm / min. A análise estatística foi realizada usando ANOVA de uma via, seguida do teste de Tukey (α = 0,05). Resultados: Diferenças significativas foram observadas entre os grupos (p <0,001); O grupo controle YSZ (G1 = 3372 ± 571 N) exibiu maior resistência à compressão do que o grupo experimental correspondente (G2 = 1675 ± 293 N), grupo controle LS2 (G3 = 1931 ± 430 N) e grupo experimental LS2 (G4 = 1447 ± 449 N). Entretanto, não houve diferenças entre as resistências à compressão de G2, G3 e G4 (p≥ 0,10). Conclusão: A fabricação de restaurações de implantes cimentadas e com CAP não compromete clinicamente a falha por fadiga das coroas LS2. Além disso, entre os tipos de coroas testadas, as coroas YSZ sem CAP exibiram falha por fadiga significativamente maior. Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of a screw access channel (SAC) on the compressive strength of implant-supported crowns manufactured with screw-retained or cement-retained abutments using either yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) or lithium disilicate (LS2) infrastructures. Materials and method: Forty specimens composed of external hexagonal implant analogs with a 4.1mm platform, prefabricated titanium abutments for cement-retained prostheses, and infrastructures for full crowns were fabricated. The specimens were divided into four groups (n = 10) based on the ceramic system and presence of SAC as follows: G1= YSZ crown without SAC (control); G2 = YSZ with SAC; G3 = LS2 crown without SAC (control); G4 = LS2 crown with SAC. All crowns were cemented, and the screw access holes in the crowns of the experimental groups were restored using a composite. The specimens were subjected to compression tests using a universal load-testing machine (EMIC DL 2000) at a speed of 0.5 mm/min. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s test (α= 0.05). Results: Significant differences were observed between the groups (p<0.001); The YSZ control group (G1= 3372 ± 571 N) exhibited higher compressive strength than the corresponding experimental group (G2= 1675 ± 293 N), LS2 control group (G3=1931 ± 430 N), and LS2 experimental group (G4= 1447 ± 449 N). However, there were no differences between the compressive strengths of G2, G3, and G4 (p≥ 0.10). Conclusion: The fabrication of cement-retained implant restorations with SAC does not clinically compromise the fatigue failure of LS2 crowns. In addition, among the types of crowns tested, the YSZ crowns without SAC exhibited significantly higher fatigue failure.

Catalytic conversion of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) over Pd-Ru/FAU zeolite catalysts.

We present this study on FAU-type zeolites were prepared varying the Si/Al ratio (4, 5 and 6) and crystallization time (4, 6 and 8 h) to produce a highly pure and homogeneous material with enhanced surface area values. Bimetallic Pd-Ru and Pt-Ru (0.5 wt.% of each metal) were impregnated onto the zeolites matrix by the incipient wetness impregnation method. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen physisorption, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scattering Electronic Microscopy (SEM), Scattering and Transmission Microscopy (STEM), temperature-programmed desorption (TPD), temperature-programmed desorption (TPR) and Inductively Couples Plasma- Mass Spectrometer (ICP-MS). Results indicated that using lower Si/Al ratios favored the catalytic activity. Also, the longest crystallization time had a positive effect on surface area, homogeneous particle size distribution and crystallinity. The catalytic performance in the esterification of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) to produce 5-acetoxymethylfurfural (AcMF) was investigated. The maximum 5-HMF conversion of 87.28 % was achieved using pure zeolite with relation Si/Al = 5, and 8 h of crystallization. Pd-Ru supported onto same zeolite showed a conversion of 84.22 %. The highest selectivity towards AcMF of 71.29 % with pure zeolite Si/Al = 5 and 8 h of crystallization was achieved, followed by Pd-Ru/FAU with Si/Al = 5 and 8 h of crystallization, achieving 60.42 %. Finally, results shown that the interaction between the properties of zeolitic support and the metallic species, specifically Pd, had a positive effect in the catalytic process the pristine zeolite showed improved catalytic characteristics related to its acid strength

The Expression of Fibroblast Activation Protein in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinomas Is Associated with Synchronous Lymph Node Metastases

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) is a heterogeneous and complex disease that frequently develops distant metastases. Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is a serine peptidase the expression of which in cancer-associated fibroblasts has been associated with higher risk of metastases and poor survival. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of FAP in metastatic CCRCC (mCCRCC). A series of 59 mCCRCC retrospectively collected was included in the study. Metastases developed either synchronous (n = 14) or metachronous to renal disease (n = 45). Tumor specimens were obtained from both primary lesion (n = 59) and metastases (n = 54) and FAP expression was immunohistochemically analyzed. FAP expression in fibroblasts from primary tumors correlated with FAP expression in the corresponding metastatic lesions. Also, primary and metastatic FAP expression was correlated with large tumor diameter (>7cm), high grade (G3/4), high stage (pT3/4), tumor necrosis and sarcomatoid transformation. The expression of FAP in primary tumors and in their metastases was associated both with synchronous metastases and also with metastases to the lymph nodes. FAP expression in the primary tumor was correlated with worse 10-year overall survival. Immunohistochemical detection of FAP in the stromal tumor fibroblasts could be a biomarker of early lymph node metastatic status and therefore could account for the poor prognosis of FAP positive CCRCC.This work was partially funded by Grant SAF2013-48812-R from Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (Spain), IT 8-11/13 from de Basque Government and EHUA14/25 from de University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU). The current work has been developed as PhD project of PE and MB, who are recipients of a Predoctoral Fellowship from the Basque Government (Exp no PRE_2013_1_762 and PRE_2015_2_0148). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript

Productive performance of tambacus fed diets supplemented with vitamin E

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da suplementação da dieta de tambacus com concentrações de vitamina E sobre variáveis de desempenho e hematológicas, bem como determinar a relação da atividade da glutationa peroxidase com a inclusão de vitamina E e selênio na dieta. Foram utilizados 250 juvenis de tambacu, divididos em 25 aquários. A dieta basal constituiu-se de ração peletizada com 32% de proteína bruta e 3.300 kcal kg-1 de energia digestível, e inclusão de 0,40 mg kg-1 de Se. As dietas-teste - isoprotéicas e isoenergéticas - foram compostas da dieta basal com diferentes concentrações de vitamina E (0, 100, 200, 300, 400 mg kg-1), em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com cinco tratamentos e cinco repetições. Não foi observado efeito significativo da suplementação com vitamina E sobre o comprimento total, volume corpuscular médio, concentração de hemoglobina corpuscular média e número de eritrócitos, nem sobre a atividade da glutationa peroxidase. Peso final e conversão alimentar aparente, no entanto, sofreram efeito dos tratamentos suplementados. O teor de 400 mg kg-1 de vitamina E melhorou o comprimento padrão e ganho de peso. A suplementação da dieta com vitamina E resulta em melhor desempenho produtivo de tambacus.The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of tambacu vitamin E dietary supplementation on performance and hematological variables, and determine the relationship of glutathione peroxidase activity with vitamin E and selenium suplementation. Two hundred and fifty juvenile tambacus were used, divided into 25 aquaria. The basal diet was pelleted with 32% of crude protein and 3,300 kcal kg-1 of digestible energy, with 0.40 mg kg-1 Se. Test diets – isoproteic and isocaloric – were composed of the basal diet with increasing vitamin E concentrations (0, 100, 200, 300, 400 mg kg-1), in a completely randomized design, with five treatments and five replications. No significant effect of vitamin E supplementation was observed on total length, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration and total erythrocyte, and on the enzymatic activity of glutathione peroxidase. However, final weight and apparent feed conversion were significantly affected by supplemented treatments. Standard length and weight gain improved using diets supplemented with 400 mg kg-1 of vitamin E. Dietary vitamin E supplementation results in better tambacu performance

Nitric oxide sensing in plants is mediated by proteolytic control of group VII ERF transcription factors

Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signaling compound in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. In plants, NO regulates critical developmental transitions and stress responses. Here, we identify a mechanism for NO sensing that coordinates responses throughout development based on targeted degradation of plant-specific transcriptional regulators, the group VII ethylene response factors (ERFs). We show that the N-end rule pathway of targeted proteolysis targets these proteins for destruction in the presence of NO, and we establish them as critical regulators of diverse NO-regulated processes, including seed germination, stomatal closure, and hypocotyl elongation. Furthermore, we define the molecular mechanism for NO control of germination and crosstalk with abscisic acid (ABA) signaling through ERF-regulated expression of ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE5 (ABI5). Our work demonstrates how NO sensing is integrated across multiple physiological processes by direct modulation of transcription factor stability and identifies group VII ERFs as central hubs for the perception of gaseous signals in plants

Identification of new ABA-and MEJA-activated sugarcane bZIP genes by data mining in the SUCEST database

Abstract Sugarcane is generally propagated by cuttings of the stalk containing one or more lateral buds, which will develop into a new plant. The transition from the dormant into the active stage constitutes a complex phenomenon characterized by changes in accumulation of phytohormones and several other physiological aspects. Abscisic acid (ABA) and methyl-jasmonate (MeJA) are major signaling molecules, which influence plant development and stress responses. These plant regulators modulate gene expression with the participation of many transcriptional factors. Basic leucine zipper proteins (bZIPs) form a large family of transcriptional factors involved in a variety of plant physiological processes, such as development and responses to stress. Query sequences consisting of fulllength protein sequence of each of the Arabidopsis bZIP families were utilized to screen the sugarcane EST database (SUCEST) and 86 sugarcane assembled sequences (SAS) coding for bZIPs were identified. cDNA arrays and RNA-gel blots were used to study the expression of these sugarcane bZIP genes during early plantlet development and in response to ABA and MeJA. Six bZIP genes were found to be differentially expressed during development. ABA and MeJA modulated the expression of eight sugarcane bZIP genes. Our findings provide novel insights into the expression of this large protein family of transcriptional factors in sugarcane