Port choice determinants: a revealed preference analysis of colombian public ports

Identifying the most influential attributes considered by exporters and importers when choosing a port is crucial for logistics policy formulation. In this paper, the port choice process is modelled using revealed preference data obtained from the official records of imports and exports in Colombia. Results show that the cost of port access, frequency of maritime lines, maritime freight rates, maritime travel time, origin or destination of the cargo and the type of cargo, play an important role in the port selection process. The calculated elasticities indicate that exporters and importers are highly sensitive to the access cost of the port. Policies and strategies aimed to improve the efficiency of a port’s operation and their level of service, such as increasing the frequencies of lines or decreasing maritime freights and transit times, could have an important impact on demand.MaestríaMagister en Ingeniería Civi

Análisis estructural de sectores estratégicos : sector de la confección Período 2007-2011

Durante los últimos años, la facultad de Administración de Empresas de la Universidad del Rosario ha venido desarrollando análisis de diversos sectores de la economía nacional con el fin de conformar una base de datos que permita avanzar en la identificación de factores que contribuyen al logro de la perdurabilidad. El presente documento contiene el estudio del sector textil, uno de los mayores generadores de empleo en el país. La metodología implementada es el análisis estructural de sectores estratégicos AESE, que incluye la prueba del hacinamiento, el levantamiento del panorama competitivo, el análisis de las fuerzas de mercado y el estudio de competidores. El estudio fue realizado por estudiantes de la asignatura Estrategia de Empresa I orientados por el profesor Hugo Alberto Rivera, director de la línea de investigación en perdurabilidad empresarial de la facultad de Administración

Prevalencia De Alteraciones En El Desarrollo Psicomotor Para Niños De 1 Mes A 5 Años Valorados Con La Prueba EDI En Un Centro De Salud En México En El Periodo Febrero A Noviembre De 2015

Objective: To establish the prevalence of the psychomotor development alterations in children from a month old up to 5 years old tested with EDI test. Methodology: Transversal study with a non probabilistic sample of children who entered to be evaluated with EDI test for the first time in a period from February to November 2015. It took 204 evaluations through the SPSS V program. Results: 54 (26.47%) children resulted with some alert data, in which 32 (59.26%) referred lag in their development and 22 (40.74%) with risk of development delay. The rest were 150 (73.53%) tests with normal development. Conclusions: The high index of urinary tract infections during the prenatal period such as the preterm births stimulates the prevalence of psychomotor development alterations, which is why it is important the correct manage during pregnancy

Determinantes sociales de las desigualdades en mortalidad materna y neonatal en las comunidades indígenas Arhuaca y Wayuu : evidencias y propuestas de intervención

Este documento es el producto de la investigación orientada hacia el análisis de los determinantes sociales de las desigualdades en la mortalidad materna y neonatal en las comunidades arhuaca y wayuu, así como hacia la propuesta de estrategias de intervención. A su vez, responde al problema de la mayor mortalidad en comunidades indígenas identificado por la iniciativa interagencial, y a su propósito de aportar evidencias para la toma de decisiones tendientes a su efectiva reducción en el marco de la interculturalidad, el enfoque diferencial y los derechos sexuales y reproductivos. Su contenido corresponde al informe definitivo del proyecto Mortalidad materna y neonatal en comunidades indígenas del norte de Colombia: evidencias y propuestas de intervención, que se realizó en el marco del convenio de cooperación COL/2015/026, celebrado entre la Unicef —en representación de una alianza interagencial de cooperación técnica para la reducción de mortalidad materna y neonatal en comunidades indígenas entre varios organismos de las Naciones Unidas: UNICEF, UNFPA, OPS, PMA y la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana.Bogot

Skin manifestations in COVID-19: prevalence and relationship with disease severity

Background: Data on the clinical patterns and histopathology of SARS-CoV-2 related skin lesions, as well as on their relationship with the severity of COVID-19 are limited. Methods and Materials: Retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected cohort of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection in a teaching hospital in Barcelona, Spain, from 1 April to 1 May 2020. Clinical, microbiological and therapeutic characteristics, clinicopathological patterns of skin lesions, and direct immunofluorescence and immunohistochemical findings in skin biopsies were analyzed. Results: Fifty-eight out of the 2761 patients (2.1%) either consulting to the emergency room or admitted to the hospital for COVID-19 suspicion during the study period presented COVID-19 related skin lesions. Cutaneous lesions could be categorized into six patterns represented by the acronym "GROUCH": Generalized maculo-papular (20.7%), Grover's disease and other papulo-vesicular eruptions (13.8%), livedo Reticularis (6.9%), Other eruptions (22.4%), Urticarial (6.9%), and CHilblain-like (29.3%). Skin biopsies were performed in 72.4%, including direct immunofluorescence in 71.4% and immunohistochemistry in 28.6%. Patients with chilblain-like lesions exhibited a characteristic histology and were significantly younger and presented lower rates of systemic symptoms, radiological lung infiltrates and analytical abnormalities, and hospital and ICU admission compared to the rest of patients. Conclusion: Cutaneous lesions in patients with COVID-19 appear to be relatively rare and varied. Patients with chilblain-like lesions have a characteristic clinicopathological pattern and a less severe presentation of COVID-19

Correction : Chaparro et al. Incidence, Clinical Characteristics and Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Spain: Large-Scale Epidemiological Study. J. Clin. Med. 2021, 10, 2885

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...]

Incidence, Clinical Characteristics and Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Spain : Large-Scale Epidemiological Study

(1) Aims: To assess the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in Spain, to describe the main epidemiological and clinical characteristics at diagnosis and the evolution of the disease, and to explore the use of drug treatments. (2) Methods: Prospective, population-based nationwide registry. Adult patients diagnosed with IBD-Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC) or IBD unclassified (IBD-U)-during 2017 in Spain were included and were followed-up for 1 year. (3) Results: We identified 3611 incident cases of IBD diagnosed during 2017 in 108 hospitals covering over 22 million inhabitants. The overall incidence (cases/100,000 person-years) was 16 for IBD, 7.5 for CD, 8 for UC, and 0.5 for IBD-U; 53% of patients were male and median age was 43 years (interquartile range = 31-56 years). During a median 12-month follow-up, 34% of patients were treated with systemic steroids, 25% with immunomodulators, 15% with biologics and 5.6% underwent surgery. The percentage of patients under these treatments was significantly higher in CD than UC and IBD-U. Use of systemic steroids and biologics was significantly higher in hospitals with high resources. In total, 28% of patients were hospitalized (35% CD and 22% UC patients, p < 0.01). (4) Conclusion: The incidence of IBD in Spain is rather high and similar to that reported in Northern Europe. IBD patients require substantial therapeutic resources, which are greater in CD and in hospitals with high resources, and much higher than previously reported. One third of patients are hospitalized in the first year after diagnosis and a relevant proportion undergo surgery

Management of acute diverticulitis with pericolic free gas (ADIFAS). an international multicenter observational study

Background: There are no specific recommendations regarding the optimal management of this group of patients. The World Society of Emergency Surgery suggested a nonoperative strategy with antibiotic therapy, but this was a weak recommendation. This study aims to identify the optimal management of patients with acute diverticulitis (AD) presenting with pericolic free air with or without pericolic fluid. Methods: A multicenter, prospective, international study of patients diagnosed with AD and pericolic-free air with or without pericolic free fluid at a computed tomography (CT) scan between May 2020 and June 2021 was included. Patients were excluded if they had intra-abdominal distant free air, an abscess, generalized peritonitis, or less than a 1-year follow-up. The primary outcome was the rate of failure of nonoperative management within the index admission. Secondary outcomes included the rate of failure of nonoperative management within the first year and risk factors for failure. Results: A total of 810 patients were recruited across 69 European and South American centers; 744 patients (92%) were treated nonoperatively, and 66 (8%) underwent immediate surgery. Baseline characteristics were similar between groups. Hinchey II-IV on diagnostic imaging was the only independent risk factor for surgical intervention during index admission (odds ratios: 12.5, 95% CI: 2.4-64, P =0.003). Among patients treated nonoperatively, at index admission, 697 (94%) patients were discharged without any complications, 35 (4.7%) required emergency surgery, and 12 (1.6%) percutaneous drainage. Free pericolic fluid on CT scan was associated with a higher risk of failure of nonoperative management (odds ratios: 4.9, 95% CI: 1.2-19.9, P =0.023), with 88% of success compared to 96% without free fluid ( P &lt;0.001). The rate of treatment failure with nonoperative management during the first year of follow-up was 16.5%. Conclusion: Patients with AD presenting with pericolic free gas can be successfully managed nonoperatively in the vast majority of cases. Patients with both free pericolic gas and free pericolic fluid on a CT scan are at a higher risk of failing nonoperative management and require closer observation

Aula itinerante de Patrimonio Cultural II

Memoria final del PIMCD UCM 2020/2021 número 31

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio